The document discusses the Congress of Vienna and the various alliances formed after Napoleon's defeat to suppress revolutionary ideas and restore the old monarchies, including the Quadruple Alliance, Holy Alliance, and Concert of Europe which aimed to maintain the balance of power and status quo in Europe through regular meetings. It also examines how Metternich of Austria led a reactionary period to crack down on liberalism and nationalism through censorship, espionage and the Carlsbad Decrees.

1. CHAPTER 12
The French Revolution and
Napoléon
Section 1: The Roots of Revolution
Section 2: The French Revolution
Section 3: The French Republic
Section 4: The Napoléonic Era
Section 5: A Return to Peace

2. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Bell Ringer 12.5:
Why did politicians in Europe want to form
alliances?
Alliance? Main Members Was it
purpose effective?
Quadruple/
Quintuple
Alliance
Holy
Alliance
Concert of
Europe

3. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
With Napoleon defeated,
now what?
• Restore order
• Keep the peace
• SUPPRESS the ideas of the
Revolution

4. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace

5. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Congress of Vienna I’m your
lovely
host.
Metternich

6. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Europe has to be repaired . . .
Who is going to do it?
G Great Britain
Russia Oh yeah … and
R France
was represented
a Austria by
Talleyrand.
P Prussia

7. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Guiding Principles
• Pay Back! (compensations)
• Balance of Power
• Legitimacy
What do YOU
think concerned
them the most?

8. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Territory was shuffled …
The balance of power was restored …
and a LARGE indemnity would be paid.
France would be
surrounded by a ring
of strong states . . .
It would never
Threaten the peace
of Europe again.

9. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace

10. Political Cartoon
A Return to Peace

11. Political Cartoon
A Return to Peace
Talleyrand receiving advice during the Congress.

12. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
The decisions of the Congress of
Vienna were a REACTION against
the principals of the French
Revolution.
Reactionaries want to undo
everything about Napoleon;
they wanted the world as it
was BEFORE the French
Revolution.

13. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Reactionary Alliances
…spread of new political ideas and
the rise of nationalism …
MUST BE STOPPED!
Constitutions were thrown out …
Old monarchies were put back
into power.

14. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Europe was once again owned by an elite
club, mainly six ruling families:
the Hapsburgs (Austria and eastward),
Hanovers (Britain),
Romanovs (Russia),
Ottomans (Turkey),
Hohenzollerns (German states),
and Bourbons (France, Spain, etc.).
And that is just how they liked it!!
TURN THAT CLOCK BACK!!

15. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Alliances to prevent Quadruple
spread of nationalism
Alliance
gb, r, a, p
Quintuple
Alliance
Holy Alliance (now includes
france)
These would lead to . . .

16. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Concert of Europe
The first international organization in the
modern world
European powers would regularly meet to
discuss and agree on policies
Armed intervention against threats

17. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
The Age of Metternich
• Believed in absolute monarchy
• Feared Liberalism
• Aimed to prevent war
• Return to Old Regime
• How would he do this?
–Extensive spy network Movement to extend
–Strict censorship of the ideas of the
education, the press, american & french
and speech revolutions

18. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
the Wartburg Festival
of 1817
German students
demonstrated for a
national state and a
liberal Constitution
and condemned
reactionary forces
in the newly
recreated German
states.
Result?
See?? Metternich
was RIGHT!
Chaos is rampant!

19. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
1819 - Murder of a
conservative
playwright by a
radical liberal
student gave
Metternich the
perfect
opportunity…
He and his reactionary friends act swiftly -
These liberal movements MUST BE
stopped . . . . the Carlsbad Decrees

20. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Carlsbad Decrees
1819
The decrees limited
both student activity
and the press; it kept
the teachers from
speaking out and set
down harsh
punishment on anyone
who might even dare
to question the
monarch’s authority.
Resistance will have to go underground . . .

21. Visual Sources
A Return to Peace

22. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Britain was sympathetic
to liberal movements…
Why?
What will result from this?

23. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Metternich’s system of suppression worked
quite well . . . For the most part. But ideals
don’t die . . .
It will begin to unravel when the Greeks revolt
against their Ottoman Turk rulers fighting for
their independence …

24. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Any questions??
Now . . . Close your books . . .
Time for your QUIZ!

25. SECTION 5
A Return to Peace
Main Members Organization
purpose
Quadruple/ discuss common Britain, Austria, Members met at
Quintuple interests, keep Russia, Prussia, conferences.
peace France
Alliance
Holy Alliance monarchs rule as all European Members met at
Christians rulers except conferences.
British king,
Turkish sultan,
and the pope
Concert of keep peace and nations of Europe Members signed
Europe status quo pledges.

26. CHAPTER 12
Chapter Wrap-Up
1. Was the National Convention truly a
representative form of government?
2. How did the Constitution of 1791 change
the status of the French monarchy?
3. Compare and contrast the attitude of the
Jacobins, Napoléon, and Prince
Metternich toward freedom of speech.