The document summarizes several narrative theories: 1) Tzvetan Todorov's theory that stories follow an equilibrium-disruption-new equilibrium structure. 2) Vladimir Propp's analysis of folk tales as having recurring character types like heroes, villains, donors that fulfill narrative functions. 3) Claude Levi-Strauss's concept of narratives being driven by binary oppositions like man vs. woman, young vs. old.

2. Tzvetan Todorov –Equilibrium All stories start in a state of equilibrium, which is then disrupted, setting in a motion a chain of events. The resolution of the story is the creation of a new/different equilibrium. Equilibrium>Disruption>Resolution/Re-Equilibrium This narrative structure can be found in most Hollywood films

3. Vladimir Propp - Propp was essential interested in the narrative of folk tales. He identified a theory about folk tales being similar in many areas. - They were about the same basic struggles and they appeared to have ‘Stock Characters’. - He identified a theory about characters and actions as narrative functions; they provide a structure for the text.

5. Claude Levi-Strauss: Binary Oppositions Meanings, including narrative, depend on binary oppositions – he explores these in terms of underlying typical themes rather than events. Conflict helps to drive the narrative. Man Vs Woman Young Vs Old Hero Vs Villain West Vs East Good Vs Bad

6. You Rock My World What narrative theories can be discussed in relation to the music video? What aspects of postmodernism are apparent? What why audiences consume this media text?

7. Propp’s Character Types

8. Homage / Self-Pastiche

9. Homage / Intertextual Reference to the Crime Genre Reservoir Dogs The Godfather The Untouchables

10. Postmodernism - blurring of boundaries Post-Feminism - Experiencing different identities