Broadband Access Over Cable Networks
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This document summarizes an invited speech on cable broadband access networks given by Xiaolin Lu at Multimedia 1999. It provides historical context on how cable networks evolved from broadcast video to support two-way broadband access. It also outlines the technology challenges cable networks face in providing sufficient bandwidth and reliability. Finally, it proposes a hybrid fiber-coaxial network architecture using wavelength division multiplexing to deeper fiber as a solution.
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Broadband Access Over Cable Networks
- 1. Broadband Access Over Cable Networks Xiaolin Lu Multimedia 1999 AT&T Labs XL 9/15/99
- 2. What is this? An invited speech on Multimedia 1999 A historical review of the cable technology evolution, and why it is what it is today XL 9/15/99
- 3. ACCESS ENVIRONMENT LEC Wire line Cable Voice Video Communication Entertainment Narrowband Broadband Circuit Switch Broadcast DBS/LMDS Cellular Wireless /MMDS XL 9/15/99
- 4. IN THE PAST ... Voice = Communication Video = Entertainment LEC Cable Twist Pair Star Coax Tree-and-Branch Feature rich POTS Broadcast video $84B “toll collection” $24B “$1 buffet” Monopoly Voice-oriented DLC, ISDN FTTH XL 9/15/99
- 5. CHANGING PERSPECTIVES LEC- LEC-Centric Mosaic Network RF Modem Mix of access options DSP Performance Wired Utilize existing plants SCM Lightwave Switched Evolution & revolution Applications Bandwidth Broadband access Internet network Feature- Feature-rich Multimedia Voice Router performance IP based Stationary LAN extension Mobility/tetherless Business Telecom Reform Market maturity & Competition Monopoly growth XL 9/15/99
- 6. OPTIONS LEC Narrowband Switched DLC Rebuild Wireless Mobility FTTH Broadband Cable Network Upgrade Deep Fiber Broadband Broadcast Cable modem Penetration XL 9/15/99
- 7. XL 9/15/99
- 8. CABLE DATA REVENUE PROJECTION (US) 1000 800 Revenue ($M) 600 Kagan 400 Forrester 200 0 '96 '97 '98 '99 2000 XL 9/15/99
- 9. ASSET AND LIABILITY Broadband (1GHz) ? Quality and Reliability Low- Low-cost Connection ? Upstream Ubiquity ? Maintenance Coverage (95% US HHP) ? Reputation Acceptance (TV) ? Scale Evolution in The New Environment XL 9/15/99
- 10. TECHNOLOGY EVOLUTION Network Scalable architecture Lightwave and RF Interconnect Terminal Operation Low cost Powering User friendly Maintenance XL 9/15/99
- 11. NETWORK UPGRADE DWDM Segmentation COAX HFC Digitization Deep fiber penetration XL 9/15/99
- 12. COAX TO HFC HE XL 9/15/99
- 13. COAX TO HFC FN FN HE FN Increase transport capability Improve quality and reliability XL 9/15/99
- 14. CHALLENGES HE FN HE FN HE FN Analog Emerging TV Services 5 50 500 750 1G Bandwidth Capacity: 5-40MHz/1000s HHP upstream Transport Integrity: Ingress noise, dynamic range 103-to-1 Architecture: Upstream MAC to- XL 9/15/99
- 15. SOLUTIONS Bandwidth FiberNode Capacity Network Segmentation DWDM Trunk New Platform Transport Integrity DOCSIS High level Modem modulation Centrally- Centrally- 103-to-1 mediated MAC Simple Protocol Architecture XL 9/15/99
- 16. HFC IN THE MAKING SH FN Primary SH Hub FN SH Segmentation FSS DWDM Node Splitting DWDM SONET Ring-In-Ring dbr DOCSIS Modem XL 9/15/99
- 17. MORE CHALLENGES Bandwidth Demands Take rate and multiple lines New services (streaming) User behavior (always-on, SOHO) Operation Savings Network Sweep Evolution Maintenance Powering Performance Reliability QoS XL 9/15/99
- 18. FIBER OPTICS ? Node 2,000+HP 1,200HP 600HP 200HP 100HP Size HOW Deep ? HOW To ? XL 9/15/99
- 19. ARCHITECTURES Tree-and-Branch Broadcast FN Cascaded ??? Cell-Based Narrowcast RN Clustered XL 9/15/99
- 20. TM LightWire HUB MuxNode mFN mFN Existing/reduced New fiber along coax branch Passive coax between mFN and subscribers Reduced actives, power consumption, and maintenance MuxNode to reduce cost of deep fiber penetration Multi-dimension Multiplexing/demultiplexing XL 9/15/99
- 21. TM LightWire HUB MuxNode DiPr RF SCM Distributed DiPr DiPr Processing Analog & TSD Digital TV Today 10 50 550 750 1G Increased bandwidth and flexibility for current services Simultaneously support current and future systems XL 9/15/99
- 22. ADVANTAGES Operation Savings 61% reduction in active components Reduced power consumption Simplification of maintenance Improved Performance Reduced ingress noise funneling (10-48MHz operation) Increased RF bandwidth Improved reliability Future Proof Flexibility between current track and future opportunities Improved QoS and further cost reduction XL 9/15/99
- 23. OPERATION SAVINGS Current Network: 5.5 actives/mile XL 9/15/99
- 24. OPERATION SAVINGS 61% reduction in active components 21+% improvement in reliability XL 9/15/99
- 25. FIELD TRIAL Objective: Support planned upgrade: bandwidth expansion Test technology, verify cost & operation saving Trial Scope: 520 miles (66,619 HHP) in Salt Lake Metro Phased development and implementation Schedule: Service launching: October, 1999 Data collection: January, 2000 XL 9/15/99
- 26. INTEGRATED SERVICE DELIVERY Entertainment & Communications Communications Subscribers Subscribers TV Broadband Advanced Digital Communications Interface HFC Set-Top Box Packet Headend Network Video Router / Proxy PSTN 26 Sources Server XL 9/15/99
- 27. EVOLUTION Broadband Full Service Platform DOCSIS Open Cable Packet Cable High speed Universal set End-to- End-to-end IP cable modem top box platform UPGRADE DWDM Capacity RF Quality DSP Reliability XL 9/15/99