5. IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORT
Transport is over whelming mechanical now days. Transport routes or channels are the basic arteries of our economy.
They provide important links between producers and consumers of goods.
The well unit transport system brings people very close to one-another.
They promote independence among people, in a greatly diversified economic, social and cultural life.
Transport network includes various means of transport.
MEANS OF TRANSPORT IN INDIA:
Þ ROADS
Þ RAILWAYS
Þ PIPELINES
Þ WATERWAYS
Þ AIRWAYS
6. ROADS
India has one of the largest road networks in the world. Roads have been existence since ancient times. Ashoka and
Chandergupta made great efforts to build roads. Sher Shah Suri built the Grand Trunk Road from Kolkata in the east to
Peshawar in the west across the Indo-Gangetic Plains.
IMPORTANCE OF ROADS
•Roads are suitable for short distance travels and traffic movement.
•Construction and maintenance of roads are cheap and easy.
•Loading and unloading of goods in trucks involves less amount of money.
•For transport perishable commodities, roads provide better services rather than railways
Major problems faced by our Road Transport are as follow –
(i) Road network in India is inadequate, in comparison to the passengers and traffic handled by them.
(ii) 43% of the roads are unsurfaced. They become in operational during rainy season.
(iii) Length and width of the National Highways are inadequate. They are highly congested in cities. Their bridges and culverts
are narrow
(iv) Road side amenities like drinking water, telephones facilities to meet accidental and looting emergencies, like police
protection and health services are poor.
9. When the Indian government first started to seriously explore inland waterways in 2004,
the share of transport traveling through water was “a paltry 0.15%”. This compared to 20%
in Germany and over 32% in Bangladesh. Both in developed countries and in its
neighbourhood, India seemed to lag behind.
Cost savings:
Environment-friendly:
Least fuel consumption per tonne-km
Carbon dioxide emission is 50% of trucks
Negligible land requirement
Supplementary mode:
Reduces pressure on road and rail
Reduces congestion and accidents on road
WATERWAYS : A SOLUTION
10. RAILWAYS
The Railways are the main artery of inland transport in India. The railways are 150 years old in India. The first train moved
between Mumbai and Thane in 1854. The total length of railways is about 67368 km. India has the second largest railway
network in Asia. The Indian railways carry 12 billion passengers and 1,200 billion tones of goods a year. It is the largest
public sector undertaking of country.
Importance
(i) Indian railways carry most of long distances passenger traffic and 80% of total freight.
(ii) Indian railways provide employment to a huge number of people in the country.
(iii) They also provide mail services.
(iv) They carry big chunks of goods from place of production to ports and vice-versa.
(v) Iron and steel industries based upon railways as they transport raw materials and finished products from one place to
another.
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12. AIR TRANSPORT
Airways provide the fastest mode of transport but they are very costly. For remote hostile and inaccessible areas,
airways are the best means of transport. In 1953, air transport was nationalized.
PROBLEMS OF AIR TRANSPORT IN INDIA
1. There are a small number of industrial and business centers as compared to the size of the country.
2. Heavy goods can’t be transported from one place to another by aero planes.
3. The cost of aviation petrol is very high resulting in the high cost of operation and making air travel beyond the
reach of middle classes.
4. The components and spare parts of the aero planes are imported from other countries. This has impeded the
growth of civil aviation of the country.
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18. The role of Transport Network in the Development of India
1. Life Lines of the country: - Modern means of transport provide a helping hand in maintaining the sovereignty and
economic unity of a nation. In India, central govt. controls National Highways and the Railways directly. They act as
the arteries of our land transport network. They are all real life lines of our nation.
2. Transportation: - Transport network carries food grains and various manufactured goods from place of origin to
place of consumption. They bring industrial raw materials, power fuels live coal and mineral oil at the site of industrial
units.
3. Turning of local market into national market: Transport network turns local markets of previous day into national
market of today. Ships carry exportable surpluses to other countries and import goods of our requirements.
4. Help in development of economy: The branch roads, the feeder railway lines and inland waterways fulfill local
needs of inner regions. Thus they integrate them with country’s market economy. Development of the transport network
increases the mobility of people.
5. National integration of the country: - Aircrafts and helicopters services make the people on High Himalaya; the
nomends of the Thar Desert and North-East India feel to be the part and parcel of India. Air transport brings immediate
and distant neighbors closer to each-other in the present world of Trade and Commerce.
6. Cultural Integration: - Transport Network begins people of different castes, creeds, colors, religions, languages and
regions nearer to one another. They act, react and interact with one another. Thus transport network helps in the cultural
and national integration of the country.
![PROFESSIONAL SPOKEN COMMUNICATION [PSC]
GROUP MEMBERS
1. SNEH BHATIA – PGSM 1955
2. SONALI SONI - PGSM 1956
3. UNNATI PATEL- PGSM1957
4. VIDHI JAIN - PGSM 1958
5. YASH SEHGAL - PGSM1959
6. YATHANSHU
KOTHARI - PGSM1960
GROUP- J
SUBMITTED TO :
DR. DANESHWAR SHARMA](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/psc-groupj-200104215907/85/Future-of-Transport-1-320.jpg)
