Asu history and theory lecture 5-design development 18-11-2017
1. ASU – Ain Shams University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Architectural Engineering
ARC 122: History & Theory of Architecture
Fall 2017
Instructor: Dr. Yasser Mahgoub
Lecture 5 - Design Development
2. • Developing design solutions
• Comparison and evaluation
• Design Development Stages
• Structural Systems
• Technical Systems (MEP-HVAC-Lighting-Fire
Fighting, Acoustics, Codes, …)
3. Definition of Design Development
Phase
• Transitional phase of an architect/engineer (A/E)
services in which the design moves from the
schematic phase to the contract document
phase.
• In this phase, the A/E prepares drawings and
other presentation documents to crystallize the
design concept and describe it in terms of
architectural, electrical, mechanical, and
structural systems.
• In addition, the A/E also prepares a statement of
the probable project cost.
5. Design Development
Technical Documentation: Ability to prepare models illustrating
and identifying the assembly of materials, systems, and
components appropriate for a building design.
6. Design Development
Structural Systems: Understanding of the basic principles of
structural behavior in withstanding gravity and lateral forces
and the evolution, range, and appropriate application of
contemporary structural systems.
7. Design Development
Building Envelope Systems: Understanding of the basic
principles involved in the appropriate application of building
envelope systems and associated assemblies relative to
fundamental performance, aesthetics, moisture transfer,
durability, and energy and material resources.
8. Design Development
Building Service Systems: Understanding of the basic principles
and appropriate application and performance of building
service systems such as plumbing, electrical, vertical
transportation, security, and fire protection systems.
10. Design Development
Building Materials and Assemblies: Understanding of the basic
principles utilized in the appropriate selection of construction
materials, products, components, and assemblies, based on
their inherent characteristics and performance, including their
environmental impact and reuse.
19. Example
• For small projects, working drawings and details can be
integrated in small number of sheets.
20. Example
• For medium projects, a sufficient number of drawings
need to be developed to cover all the required details.
21. SITE PLAN
• The site plan should show
the location of the building in
relation to the site
boundaries.
• All landscape elements,
streets and pedestrian
walkways should be indicated
and dimensioned.
• A reference point should be
identified to related the
building to GPS.
22. PLANS
• All plans should be
drawn scale 1;100
showing centerlines,
walls, openings,
external dimensions,
internal dimensions,
materials, etc.
23. SECTIONS
• Sections should illustrate vertical information including levels,
materials, dimensions, corresponding centerlines and details
cross-referencing.
24. ELEVATIONS
• Elevations should illustrate exterior finishing materials, levels,
dimensions, centerlines, and details cross-referencing.
25. WALL SECTIONS
• Wall sections
illustrate exterior
façade design
detailing. They are
extremely
important
illustration to
ensure the final
apperance of the
design.
49. Each module is
identified by a letter
and a number.
Drawing may comprise
one or more modules.
Module identification
is established by the
coordinates for the
lower left hand
corner of the module.
A
B
C
D
1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
D
1 2 3 4 5
MODULE C4
Drawing Sheet Coordinate System
51. The Note Block
is the module or
modules in the
drawing area for
General Notes,
Keynotes, and
Key Plans.
Note Blocks
Note Blocks
52. Title Block Area
Margins
Same as Drawing Area
Formats
Horizontal Text
Vertical Text
Data Blocks
Designer Identification
Project ID Block
Issue Block
Management Block
Sheet Title Block
Sheet ID Block
53. Horizontal Text Format:
Title block text is oriented
parallel to the bottom of the
sheet.
The horizontal text format is
the most commonly used, and
is the preferred format.
Title Block Formats
Title Block Format (1)
54. Vertical Text Format:
Title block text is oriented
parallel to the right side of the
sheet.
Sheet title and sheet ID
remain oriented parallel to the
bottom of the sheet.
Title Block Formats
56. Graphic &
Notation Area
Column Grid & Dimension Area
Title Area
Drawing blocks that contain
plans, elevations, sections, and
details are organized in a
format that includes the
elements shown.
Margin
Drawing Module
Lines
Drawing Block Format
65. 2 1 0 2 4
Graphic Scales
Sheet Keynote
Room Identifier
3
101
VESTIBULE
D2
A-512
Detail Indicator
Column Grid
Indicator
2
Reference Symbols
refer reader to another part of the
document
Examples:
66. The Note Block
is the module or
modules in the
drawing area for
General Notes,
Keynotes, and
Key Plans.
Note Blocks
Note Blocks
67. GENERAL SHEET
NOTES
1. IIII II III III IIII IIII
2. II III II II IIIII III
3. II IIIII II IIII IIIIII
4. I II IIII III IIIIIII II
5. III I II IIII IIIII III
REFERENCE
KEYNOTES
IIIII.I III III IIII II
IIIII.I II II IIIII II
IIIII.I I II IIII III
IIIII.I III IIIIIII II
IIIII.I IIII IIIII III
SHEET
KEYNOTES
1 III III IIII II
2 III III II II IIII
3 IIII II I II IIII
Sheet Keynotes
Order of
Sequence:
General Notes
Reference Notes
Sheet Keynotes
71. Drawings
CONDOC SYSTEM
Major disciplines
A Architecture
A000, A001, etc. Schedules, master keynote, legend,
general notes
A100, A101, etc. Plans
A200, A201, etc. Exterior elevations, Sections
A300, A301, etc. Vertical circulation, core plan and details
A400, A401, etc. Reflected ceiling plans, details
A500, A501, etc. Exterior envelope, details
A600, A601, etc. Architecture interiors
72. Drawings
Title Block
Name, address, and phone number of the architectural firm
Project title and address
Owner's name and address
Drawing title and sheet number
Names and addresses of consultants
Notation of who worked on the drawing, including cjecking
Dates drawings were issued (such as for bid, permit, and
construction)
Dates of revisions
Architect's seal and signature (when required)
Copyright information
73. Drawings
Drawings should also include the basic
information required to orient the user, such
as:
Key plans (showing location of partial plans in
relation to the whole)
North arrows
Scales for drawings (graphic scales are
normally included in case drawings are
reduced or CAD generated)
74. Drawings
The Cartooning Process
Most firms lay out the drawings very early in the
project.
To establish roughly how many and what kinds
of plans, sections, elevations, details,
schedules, and other graphic elements will be
prepared.
Scale and size on sheet
Order
Interrelationships
COVER
SHEET
75. WD CARTOON SET Assignment
• Use A4 size paper to develop a rough sketch of your WD set.
• Determine the order of drawings and number ( __ of __ )
• Sketch by hand the rough size of each drawing on each sheet
• Determine the scale needed
• Convert the real dimensions of the building drawings to the
desired scale and show on your papers
• Make sure that all drawing fit on the size sheet plottable area
• Label each drawing, include the scale
• Add north arrow when appropriate
• Add descriptive text if known (such as window sill detail, east
elevation, etc.)
• Add sheet names, numbers, and drawing title in the border