1. INFECTIOUS AND NONINFECTIOUS DISEASES
By Olivia Tan

2. Infectious Disease – Case Study
CHICKEN POX

3. Cause and Transmission
• Chicken pox is caused by the varicellazoster (VZV).
• The chickenpox is a very contagious
virus that spreads through the air (by
coughing and sneezing) and by direct
contact with mucus, saliva or fluid from
blisters.
Symptoms
• Fever, headache, sore throat or
stomach ache
• Red, itchy skin rash appears all over
the body
• Small, red bumps appear on the rash
• The blister walls of the bumps break
which crust over and become scabs

4. TREATMENT
• An antiviral medicine may be prescribed
in some cases
• Anti-itch lotion and oatmeal baths are
used to aid the discomfort of the rash
• In most chickenpox infections special
medical treatment is not required
PREVENTION
• The chickenpox vaccine is 99%
effective at preventing the VZV infection
• To keep the virus from spreading from
those who already infected, washing
hands before eating and after going to
the bathroom are hygiene regimes to
prevent the spread of the disease.

5. INCIDENCE
Time
Age
Place
The largest
number of cases
occur in winter
and early Spring.
Chicken pox is
one of the most
common viral
infections in
children.
Chicken pox is a
worldwide
disease but is
fairly common in
the US, with
150,000 to
200,000 cases
reported every
year
Most children
become infected
between the ages
of 6 and 10.

6. Non Infectious Disease – Case Study
BREAST CANCER

7. Cause and Transmission
• Breast cancer is caused by abnormal
cell growth in the breast in an
uncontrolled way.
Symptoms
• A new lump or lumpiness on the breast
or armpit
• A change in shape or size on the breast
• Crusting, ulcer, redness or inversion of
the nipple
• A nipple discharge
• Change in the skin of the breast such
as redness or dimpling
• An unusual pain that doesn’t go away

8. TREATMENT
• Surgery to remove part or all of the
affected breasts, and removal of one or
more lymph nodes from the armpit
• Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
PREVENTION
• Early detection and ensuring to undergo
regular breast check-ups
• Aiming for a healthy diet, physical
activity and control of alcohol
intake, overweight and obesity, could
reduce the risk of breast cancer in the
long run.

9. INCIDENCE

10. Bibliography
Chicken Pox
Chicken Pox, 2013, The Nemours
•
Foundation, accessed 27 November
2013, <http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/bacterial_vir
al/chicken_pox.html#>.
Chicken Pox, 2013, Arboris Limited, accessed 27
November
2013, <http://www.medinfo.co.uk/conditions/chickenpox.
html>.
Bunch, B (ed.) 1997, Diseases: Bones-Dermatitis, Grolier
Educational, Sherman Turnpike, Danbury, United States.
•
•
Breast Cancer
•
•
•
Breast Cancer, 2013, Australian Government - Cancer
Australia, accessed 27 November 2013,
<http://canceraustralia.gov.au/affected-cancer/cancertypes/breast-cancer>.
Breast Cancer: Prevention and Control, 2013, World
Health Organization, accessed 27 November 2013,
<http://www.who.int/cancer/detection/breastcancer/en/ind
ex3.html>.
Healey, J (ed.) 2006, Cancer Awareness, The Spinney
Press, Thirroul NSW Australia.