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1. • Designed by
• Zohaib Hussain
• University of Lahore
• Bcs02123325

2. Voip(Voice over Internet Protocol)

3. Agenda
• What is VoIP and its Introduction.
• History of VoIP.
• VoIP Architecture.
• How VoIP Work.
• VoIP Protocols.
• Comparison of Protocols.
• PSTN Vs VoIP.
• VoIP Requirements.
• Pros and Cons of VoIP.

4. 1. What is VoIP and its Introduction
VoIP stand for Voice over Internet Protocol.
“VoIP is the ability to make telephone calls over IP-
Based data network with a suitable quality of service and
superior cost.”
Also Known As
 IP Telephony
 Voice Over Broadband
 Internet Telephony
VoIP Technology emerged over Public Switched Telephone
Network(PSTN).

5. 2. VoIP History
• The first VoIP software was introduced in
1995 by Vocaltec.
Designed for home PC
Uses H.323 Protocol
Uses Packet switching

6. 3. VoIP Architectures
PC to PC.
Phone to Phone.
PC to Phone.

7. VoIP Architectures
• PC to PC

8. VoIP Architectures
• Phone to Phone

9. VoIP Architectures
• Pc to Phone

10. How VoIP Works?
1. The voice is converted from an analog to a
digital signal.
2. The digital signal is broken up into packets.
3. The packets are sent to the destination via
Internet Protocol(IP).
4. The packets are reassembled into a digital signal
at the destination.
5. The digital signal is converted to an analog
signal and played back through the receiver.

12. Protocols of VoIP
1. H.323
2. SIP(Session Initiation Protocol)
3. MGCP(Media Gateway Control Protocol)

13. Protocols of VoIP
H.323: The call setup protocol H.323 is
standardized by the international
telecommunications Union(ITU). In a VoIP
environment, H.323 is a common protocol
running on voice gateway to connect the VoIP
network to the PSTN.

14. Protocols of VoIP
SIP: The SIP Protocol is a standard developed
by the Internet Engineer Task Force(IETF) for
establishing multimedia session such as voice
instant messaging and video.

15. Protocols of VoIP
MGCP: The Media Gateway Control Protocol is a
protocol for providing telecommunication
services and controlling devices and
transmitting calls via an Internet
Protocol network.

16. Comparison of Protocols
Item H.323 SIP MGCP
Designed by ITU IETF ITU
Compatibility with
PSTN
YES YES YES
Implementation Large and complex Moderate Moderate
Multiparty call Yes Yes Yes
Multimedia
conference
Yes Yes In future?

17. PSTN versus VoIP: A Feature
Comparison
PSTN
• Dedicated Lines
• Features such as call waiting
caller ID and so on are usually
available at an extra cost
• Can be upgraded or expanded
with new equipment
VoIP
• All channel carried over one
internet connection
• Features such as call waiting
caller ID and so on are usually
included free with service
• Upgrades usually requires only
bandwidth and software
upgrades

18. Voip Requirements
• Which Equipment's are needed?
1. A broadband(high speed internet)
connection.
2. A computer, or specialized phone.

19. Advantage of VoIP
• Highly low cost communication.
• Easy to use.
• Easy to establish the network.
• Communication possible through laptop.
• Unlimited user can be add
• Free IP to IP

20. Disadvantage of VoIP
• Need always power supply.
• Need a uninterrupted internet connection.