VMware vSphere Training Overview

VMware vSphere

© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome
01. Virtualization 10. Fault Tolerance
02. ESXi 11. DRS / DPM
03. vCenter 12. Roles
04. vSphere Client / Web Client 13. Scheduled Tasks
05. Virtual Machine Management 14. Alarms
06. Networking 15. Update Manager
07. vStorage 16. Host Profiles / Auto Deploy
08. vMotion / Storage vMotion 17. Profile Driven Storage
09. High Availability 18. Storage DRS

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Copyright © 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.

Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome

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伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念

虛擬化前: 虛擬化後:
 每台主機一個操作系統  打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性
(Breaking Hardware/OS dependency)
 軟體硬體緊密地結合
 透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術, 管理操作系
 在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會統和應用程式化成單一的個體
遭遇衝突 (Encapsulation)
 未充分利用系統的資源  強大的故障和安全隔離 (Isolation)
 硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活  虛擬機是硬體獨立的, 它們能在任何硬
體上運行 (Hardware independent)

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VMware 虛擬科技: 三大特性

獨立性分隔性封裝性
•能於一台硬體上執行多個 •每個虛擬機器的運作是獨立進 •每一虛擬機器的主機跟運作狀態
不同的操作系統行, 不受其它虛擬機器影響都是以一個檔案代表, 提高可攜
•充分利用硬體資源 •能夠動態調配虛擬機器的中央性
•支援叢集 (clustering) 的處理器 (CPU), 記憶體 •能將虛擬機器的運作狀態儲存
技術 (Memory), 儲存硬碟 (Disk),
及網絡(Network) 等等資源
•確保服務品質承諾 (SLA)

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Native vs. Hosted Virtualization

Hosted (Workstation, ACE Native (ESX Server)
& GSX Server)
Device support is inherited from host Maximum performance with lowest overhead
operating system for maximum using certified hardware
hardware compatibility Highly efficient direct I/O pass-through
Virtualization installs like an architecture for network and disk
application rather than like an Highly secure micro-kernel virtualization
operating system layer—
Can run alongside conventional only 100Ks of lines of code versus 10–25
applications million lines of host operating system code
Advanced features like VMotion available

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Virtualization Overview

Hypervisor
• Partitions computing resources of a server
for multiple VMs
• Hypervisors alone lack coordination for
higher availability and efficiency
VMware vSphere
• VMware vSphere goes beyond basic host
partitioning by aggregating infrastructure
resources into a giant virtual computer
• Serves as a dynamic OS for a private
internal cloud in your datacenter

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vSphere Components

• vSphere is a distributed software
system with features enabled by
a management server and
hypervisor working together
• VMware vCenter Server is the
management server and cluster
coordinator (1 instance required) VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi

• VMware ESXi is the hypervisor
software running on each host (1
instance per server required)

vSphere editions are the licensed features enabled by
vCenter Server working with ESXi

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VMware 提供不同情境的備份備援機制

• 計劃性停機
• 非計劃性停機

Site
Recovery
VMware Fault Tolerance, Manager
High Availability, Storage
DRS Maintenance Mode, VMotion
VMotion

NIC Teaming,
Multipathing

VMware Data Recovery, Clone , Snapshot
VMware Ready Data Protection solutions
from third-party partners

Component Server Storage Data Site
元件主機存儲設備資料機房中心

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雲端作業系統已經慢慢成為重要業務系統的基礎架構

% of Workload Instances Running on VMware in Customer Base

67%

53%
47%

42% 43%

34%
28% 28%
38% Apr
25% 25%
2011
18% Jan
2010
MS MS MS Oracle Oracle
SAP
Exchange SharePoint SQL Middleware DB

Source: VMware customer survey, Jan 2010 and April 2011 interim results,
Data: Total number of instances of that workload deployed in your organization and the percentage of those instances that are virtualized

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雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服

4x
VMware
ESX 1 ESX 2 VMware VMware
vSphere 5
Inf. 3 vSphere4

CPU (VCPUs) 1 2 4 8 32

Memory (GB per VM) 2 3.6 64 256 1,000

Network (Gb/s) <.5 .9 9 30 >36

IOPS <5,000 7,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000

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vSphere 5 Kits and Editions

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VMware vSphere Essentials Kits for Small Business

vSphere 5 Essentials
For smaller environments

Benefits Essentials Essentials +

1 Make better use of existing infrastructure

Save time in managing infrastructure with
2 vCenter central management

Improve application availability with
3 • vMotion (no planned downtime)
• High Availability (business continuity)

Protect business data with VMware Data
4 Recovery

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VMware vSphere Enterprise Editions
vSphere 5 Editions
For larger environments

Benefits Standard Enterprise Enterprise +

Consolidation and Availability
Convert Physical System to Virtual Machines,
1 Leverage Live Migration (vMotion), and Enable
High Availability (HA)

Continuous Availability
2 Fault Tolerance (FT) for Applications

Automated Resource Management
Deliver Load Balancing (DRS), Power
3 Management (DPM), and Live Storage Migration
(Storage vMotion) without Manual Intervention

Simplified Operations
Advanced Networking (Distributed Network
Switch, I/0 Control), Advanced Storage (Storage
4 DRS, Profile-Driven Storage) and Host
Deployment/Configuration (Auto Deploy,
Host Profiles) for More OPEX Savings

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome

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VMware vSphere Components

ESXi Host
• Hypervisor running VMs
• Organized into clusters
• Accesses shared storage datastores

Datastores

ESXi Host

―Cluster‖

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ESXi Hardware Requirements

Supported server platform. For a list of supported platforms, see the
VMware Compatibility Guide at ：
http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.

■ ESXi 5.0 will install and run only on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs.
■ ESXi 5.0 requires a host machine with at least two cores.
■ Known 64-bit processors ：
■ All AMD Opteron processors.
■ All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400,
5500/5600, 7100/7300, 7200/7400, and 7500 processors
■ 2GB RAM minimum.
■ One or more Gigabit or 10Gb Ethernet controllers.

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New for ESXi 5.0

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How to Upgrade

1. Upgrade to vCenter Server 5.0
2. Upgrade to Update Manager 5.0
3. Install vSphere Client 5.0 and Install Update Manager Plug-In
4. Use Upgrade Manager to Update to ESXi 5.0
5. Upgrade VMFS3 Datastore to VMFS5 Datastore
6. Upgrade Virtual Machine Hardware 8
7. Upgrade VMware Tools

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ESXi Console

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What is the VMware vSphere Hypervisor?

VMware vSphere Hypervisor is the new name for what was formerly known
as VMware ESXi Single Server or free ESXi (often abbreviated to simply
―VMware ESXi‖).
VMware vSphere Hypervisor is the free edition of the vSphere product line.
It is licensed to only unlock the hypervisor functionality of vSphere, but it
can be seamlessly upgraded to more advanced offerings of VMware
vSphere.
vSphere Hypervisor is based only on the ESXi hypervisor
vSphere Hypervisor is target to virtualization first time users

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ESXi Convergence Most Trusted

Overview

 vSphere 5.0 will utilize the ESXi
hypervisor exclusively
 ESXi is the gold standard for hypervisors

vSphere ESXi
Benefits

 Thin architecture
 Smaller security footprint
 Streamlined deployment and
configuration
 Simplified patching and updating model
 Reduce Management Overhead.

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VMware ESXi: 3rd Generation Hypervisor Architecture

VMware GSX VMware ESX VMware ESXi
(VMware Server) Architecture Architecture
• Installs as an application • Installs ―bare metal‖ • Installs ―bare metal‖
• Runs on a host OS • Relies on a Linux OS • Management tasks are
(Service Console) for running moved outside of the
• Depends on OS for resource hypervisor
management partner agents and scripting

VMware Server Service Console VMkernel
VMware ESXi VMkernel
Windows or Linux OS VMware ESX

2001 2003 2007

The ESXi architecture runs independently of a general purpose OS,
simplifying hypervisor management and improving security.

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Monitor and Manage Health of Server Hardware with vCenter

New CIM Interface
• Detailed hardware health
monitoring
• Physical and virtual visibility
on server health
• vCenter alarms alert when
hardware failures occur
 Host hardware fan status
 Host hardware power status
 Host hardware system board
status
 Host hardware temperature
status

New
vCenter
Alarms for
Hardware

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Third Party Hardware Monitoring

• OEMs HW monitoring through their management consoles
HP SIM 5.3.2+
Dell Open Manager Server Administrator 6.1


View server and storage asset data
 View server and storage health information
 View alerts and command logs

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vSphere 重要高可用度功能

備份與復原裝置
vDR Windows CLI vDR Appliance- 每一的 vCenter Server 執行個體最多可支援 10 個裝置，
因此可以保護達 1000 台虛擬機
- Windows Linux 虛擬機適用的檔案層級復原用戶端
vCenter Server

Backup
Destination:
CIFS Network
Share

vSphere Client
 Data Recovery plug-in

儲存目的地
VM Source Backup - 擴大支援 DAS、NFS、iSCSI 或光纖通道儲存和 CIFS
Destination: 權重以當做目的地
.vmdk in VMFS - 加強重複刪除效能
Datastore

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Majority of Systems Management and Back Up Vendors Support ESXi

 BPM for Virtual Servers  CA Virtual  Operations  ITM for Virtual  Smarts ESM
 BPA for Virtual Servers Performance Orchestration Servers  ADM
 Capacity Mgmt Manager (VPM)  VI SPI  TPM  ControlCenter
Essentials  Spectrum  Client Automation  ITUAM  Avamar
 Atrium Orchestrator Automation  DDM  ITLCM  Networker
 Bladelogic Operations Management  Operations Agent  Tivoli Storage
Manager  Spectrum  UCMDB Manager
 ProactiveNet  eHealth  SiteScope
 Client Automation  Cohesion  Performance Agent
 Atrium Discovery &  ARCserve  DataProtector
Dependency Mapping  HP Operations

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Summary of new ESXi features in vSphere 5

Capability ESX i 5.0 ESX i 4.1 ESX 4.1

Admin/config CLIs PowerCLI + vCLI PowerCLI + vCLI COS + vCLI + PowerCLI

Advanced Troubleshooting ESXi Shell Tech Support Mode COS

Scripted installation Supported Supported Supported

Boot from SAN Supported Supported Supported

SNMP Supported Supported Supported

Active Directory Integrated Integrated Integrated

HW monitoring CIM providers CIM providers 3rd party agents in COS

Jumbo frames Supported Supported Supported

Web Access Not supported Not supported Not Supported

Total Lockdown Supported Supported Not available

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Visit the ESXi and ESX Info Center today

http://vmware.com/go/ESXiInfoCenter

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome

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VMware vSphere Architecture

vSphere Client
 vCenter Converter plug-in
 Update Manager plug-in vCenter
Database

Datastores

vCenter Server ESX/ESXi Host
vCenter Linked Mode
―Cluster‖

vSphere Web Client vCenter Server
(Browser)*  vCenter Orchestrator Datastores
 vCenter Converter
 Guided Consolidation ―Datacenter‖
vCenter
Database  Update Manager
vSphere vSphere vSphere
Management CLI PowerCLI
Assistant Update Manager
(vMA) Database

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vCenter Server
• Centralized manager of ESX/ESXi hosts
• Runs as Windows services on physical or virtual server
• Connects with:
 vCenter database (SQL Server or Oracle)
 Windows Active Directory (required for Linked Mode)
• Integrates with optional server/client plug-ins

vCenter Server
 vCenter Orchestrator
 vCenter Converter
 Guided Consolidation
vCenter
Database  Update Manager

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VMware vCenter Server Editions

For Essentials Foundation Standard
• 3 ESX/ESXi host limit • 3 ESX/ESXi host limit • No ESX/ESXi host limit

Included in Essentials • Linked Mode
and Essentials Plus • Orchestrator

At least 1 instance required for
vSphere Editions

vCenter Server is required for most vSphere features

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vCenter Hardware Requirements

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Customer Feedback
• Customers consistently provide feedback on their desire to:

Simplify
Management
• Upgrades/Patching
5 • Standardization

Reduce
Deployment
Costs
• Deployment
Overhead
• Licensing

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Introducing vCenter Server Appliance

The vCenter Server Appliance is the answer!
• Simplifies Deployment and Configuration
• Streamlines patching and upgrades
• Reduces the TCO for vCenter

Enables companies to respond to business faster!
VMware
vCenter Server

Automation Visibility

Scalability

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Component Overview

vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA) consists of:
• A pre-packaged 64 bit application running on SLES 11
 Distributed with sparse disks
 Disk Footprint

Distribution Min Deployed Max Deployed
3.6GB ~5GB ~80GB

 Memory Footprint
• A built in enterprise level database with optional support for a remote Oracle
databases.
• Limits are the same for VC and VCSA
 Embedded DB
- 5 hosts/50 VMs
 External DB
- <300 hosts/<3000 VMs (64 bit)
• A web-based configuration interface
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Feature Overview

vCenter Server Appliance supports:
• The vSphere Web Client
• Authentication through AD and NIS
• Feature parity with vCenter Server on Windows
 Except –
- Linked Mode support
- Requires ADAM (AD LDS)
- IPv6 support
- External DB Support
- Oracle is the only supported external DB for the first release
- No vCenter Heartbeat support
- HA is provided through vSphere HA

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vCenter Server Appliance Deployment

Simply deploy from a OVF template!
• Install takes ~5 minutes (compared to ~15 for Windows version)

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Configuration

Complete configuration is possible through a powerful web-based
interface!

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Summary

vCenter Server Appliance provides customers with:
• A quick and easy deployment mechanism that provides consistent results
• A reduction in deployment costs, licensing costs, and overall management
• A solution that they can leverage the best features of virtualization with

• And most of all…

The ability to take care of business needs faster!

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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome

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vSphere Client
• Primary interface for administration
• Runs locally on a Windows machine
• Connects to vCenter Server or directly to an ESX/ESXi host

vSphere Client

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VMware vSphere Client Modes

Connect to vCenter Server
• Global view
• Centralized Windows user credentials
• vSphere objects and functionality
Connect to Individual ESX/ESXi Host
• Per-host view
• ESX/ESXi host-specific user credentials

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VMware vSphere Client Home Menu

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Inventory: Hosts and Clusters
Visible from vCenter Inventory only
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter Top Level vCenter Server
 Cluster Folder
- Host Datacenter
Cluster
- VM
Host
- vApp
- VM Resource Pool
- VM Virtual Machine (VM)
vApp
- Resource pool
- VM
- VM

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Inventory: VMs and Templates
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter
 Folder Top Level vCenter Server
- VM Folder
Datacenter
- vApp
Folder
- VM
VM
- VM
- Template
 VM
vApp
Template

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Inventory: Datastores
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter
 Datastore
Top Level vCenter Server
Folder
Datacenter
Datastore

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Inventory: Networking
vCenter Server
• Folder
• Datacenter
 Distributed Virtual Switch
- dvSwitch PortGroups
- dvSwitch Uplinks
 vSwitch

Top Level vCenter Server
Folder
Datacenter
Distributed Virtual Switch
dvPortGroup
dvSwitch Uplink
vSwitch

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vSphere Client
• Optional web-browser interface to manage VMs
• Subset of vSphere Client capabilities

vSphere client
(Browser)

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Web Client

Overview

 Run and manage vSphere from any web
browser anywhere in the world

Benefits

 Platform independence
 Replaces Web Access GUI
 Building block for cloud based
administration

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Current Use Case

The vSphere Web Client is tailored to met the needs of VM Administrators in
the first release. This includes:
• VM Management
 VM Provisioning
 Edit VM, VM power ops, Snapshots, Migration
 VM Resource Management
 View all vSphere objects (hosts, clusters, datastores, folders, etc)
• Basic Health Monitoring
• Viewing the VM console remotely
• Search through large, complex environments
 Save search queries, and quickly run them to find detailed information
• vApp Management
 vApp Provisioning, vApp Editing, vApp Power Operations

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Features of the vSphere Web Client

Customize the GUI
• Create custom views to reflect the information you need to see, the way you
like to see it

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Advanced Search Functionality
• New advanced search functionality allows administrators to save and run
search find information quickly – Even across multiple vCenters!

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Extendable Functionality
• Possible for partners and end users to add features and functionality

Easily create new tabs
for information

Create portlets for instant
access to information
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Agenda

vSphere 5.0

Welcome

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Virtual Motherboard of a VM

Audio Up to 3 Parallel Up to 4
USB (N/A) Ports Serial Ports
Up to 4
IDE Devices
Virtual Phoenix BIOS
Up to 2
Intel 440BX-Based
1.44MB
Virtual Motherboard
Floppy Drives

Up to 40
VM Consoles

Up to
1024GB
Memory

Up to 32 CPUs
Up to 10 Network Adapters
Up to 4 SCSI Controllers
With Up to 15 Devices Each Up to 2TB SCSI Disk

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Key VMware vSphere Features

Hot Add Virtual Devices
• Hot add
 CPU
 Memory
• Hot add or remove
 Storage devices
 Network devices

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New Virtual Machine…

Configuration
• Typical or custom
Name and Location
Resource Pool
Datastore
Guest Operating System
Create a Disk
Ready to Complete

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Custom VM Configuration Options

Virtual Machine Version
• Version 7 or 8
Devices
• CPU (number)
• Memory (MB)
• Network
 Number, virtual network, connect at power on
• Disk
 SCSI controller
 Select or create a virtual disk
 Advanced disk options

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Hard Disk Options

Thick
• Pre-allocated disk space
40GB
• Physical disk size = virtual disk size
Thin
• VM sees full logical disk at all times
40GB

• Physical disk size = used disk size
• Physical disk size grows as used 20GB

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Edit Settings… of a Virtual Machine
Hardware
• Memory
• CPUs
• Video card
• VMCI device
• Floppy drive
• CD/DVD drive
• Network adapter
• SCSI controller
• Hard disk
Options
• General
• vApp options
• VMware Tools
• Power management
• Advanced
Resources

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Installing a Guest Operating System

Install Guest OS
• Media options
 Client device
 Host device
 Datastore ISO/floppy image file
 PXE client network boot
• Power on and install
Install VMware Tools
• Optimized drivers
• Install in running Guest OS

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VM Console

Administrative KVM Access
• Console has a single unique session
• Multiple sessions share video and control
• Closing/exiting VM console does not power off VM

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Virtual Machine Power Options

Power
• Power On
• Power Off
• Suspend
• Reset
Integration with
VMware Tools
• Power Off =
Shut Down Guest

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VM Snapshot

Point-in-Time VM State Capture
• Hard disks (all)
• VM settings
• Memory (optional)
Snapshot Actions
• Take
• Revert
• Go to
• Delete

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Clone…

Copy an Existing VM or vApp
• Copies exactly by default
• Option to customize Guest OS
• VMs can be powered on
• vApp must be powered off

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Template

Master to Provision New VMs
• Used to deploy many new VMs
• VM that cannot be powered on
• Option to customize Guest OS
Creating Templates
• VM: clone to template…
• VM: convert to template…
• Existing template: clone
Updating Templates
• Convert to VM…, update, then convert to template…

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VMware vSphere Training Overview

VMware vSphere Training Overview

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