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4/3/2011

Project Management
Knowledge Areas
Section – 3
Chapter – 9

Project Human Resource
Management


Session Objectives…
1. To identify the project human
resource management knowledge
area’s processes
2. How to plan human resources for
the project
3. How to acquire project team
4. How to develop project team
5. How to manage project team

1
4/3/2011

Project HR Management


Exam Objectives…
1. How to plan Human resources
needed
2. Performing Organizational Planning
3. How to Acquire the Needed Staff
4. How to Develop the Project Team
5. How to Manage the Project Team

Project HR Management


o

o
o
o

Project human resource management
includes activities…
 Ability to lead
 Direct
 Manage
The project team
The customers
The sponsors and
Other stakeholders

2
4/3/2011

Project HR Management


The processes in Project HR Management are
1. Develop Human Resource Plan
2. Acquire Project Team
3. Develop Project Team
4. Manage Project Team

Develop Human Resource Plan


Develop Human Resource Plan is the
process of identifying and documenting
 Project’s roles
 Responsibilities and
 Reporting relationships
 Creates staffing management plan

3
4/3/2011

Develop Human Resource Plan
• 1. Activity Resource
Requirements
• 2. Enterprise
Environmental
Factors
• 3. Organizational
Process Assets

Input

Tools &
Techniques
• 1.
Organization
Charts & Position
description
• 2. Networking
• 3. Organizational
Theory

• 1. Human Resource
Plan

Output

Develop Human Resource Plan
Inputs
1. Activity Resource Requirements
2. Enterprise Environmental Factors
 Organizational Culture & Structure
 Existing human resources
 Personnel administration policies
 Market place conditions
3. Organizational Process Assets



4
4/3/2011

Develop Human Resource Plan


Tools and Techniques
1. Organization Charts and position
descriptions
2. Networking
3. Organizational Theory

Develop Human Resource Plan


Outputs
1. Human Resource Plan
 Roles & Responsibilities
 Project Organization Charts
 Staffing Management Plan

5
4/3/2011

Develop Human Resource Plan


Staffing Management Plan contains…
 Staff Acquisition
 Timetable
 Release Criteria
 Training Needs
 Recognition and Rewards
 Compliance
 Safety

Organization Charts
Hierarchical –
type Organizational Chart
PM

Team
Lead

Member

Member

Team
Lead

Team
Lead

Member

Member

Member

Member

Member

Member

Member

6
4/3/2011

Organization Charts
Matrix – based Responsibility Chart

RAM
Member 1

Define

Design

Code

X

Test

X

Member 2

X

Member 3

X

Member 4

X

X
X

X

X

Organization Charts
Text – oriented Format

7
4/3/2011

Organization Charts
RACI FORMAT
Activity

Person A

Person B

Person C

Person D

Person E

Define

A

R

R

C

I

Design

I

A

I

I

C

Develop

I

A

R

I

I

Test

A

I

I

R

C

R – Responsible A - Accountable C – Consult I - Inform

Organization Theories


Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
 Physiological
 Safety
 Social
 Esteem
 Self-actualization

8
4/3/2011

Organization Theories


Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation
o Hygiene agents
 Job security
 Paycheck
 Acceptable working conditions
 Relationships

Organization Theories


Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation
o Motivating agents
o Opportunity
o Responsibility
o Appreciation
o Recognition
o Education

9
4/3/2011

Organization Theories
McGregor’s Theory of X and Y
o X is bad – no trust, lazy, avoid work
o Y is good – self – led, motivated,
capable
 Expectancy Theory
o People will behave based on what
they expect
o Will work in relation to the
expected reward


Management Styles
Autocratic
 The Project manager makes all the
decisions
 Democratic
 The Project Team is involved in the
decision –
 making process


10
4/3/2011

Management Styles
Laissez faire
 The Project Manager leaves everything
on the team.The team is self-led,
motivated in decision making
 Exceptional
 The Project Manager only pays
attention to the top 10% of the
performers and bottom 10% of the
performers


Acquire Project Team
Project team acquisition is the process of
getting the needed resources on the
project
 Focuses on working within the policies
and procedures of the organization
 Negotiating, influencing, and
communicating skills play key role


11
4/3/2011

Acquire Project Team

• 1. Project Management
Plan
• 2. Enterprise
Environmental Factors
• 3. Organizational
Process Assets

Tools &
Techniques
• 1. Pre-assignment
• 2. Negotiation
• 3. Acquisition
• 4.Virtual Teams

Input

• 1. Project Staff
Assignments
• 2. Resource Calendars
• 3. Project Management
Plan Updates

Output

Acquire Project Team
Inputs
1. Project Management Plan
2. Enterprise Environmental Factors
3. Organizational Process Assets
 Tools & Techniques
1. Pre-Assignment
2. Negotiation
3. Acquisition
4. Virtual Teams


12
4/3/2011

Acquire Project Team


Outputs
1. Project Staff Assignments
2. Resource Calendars
3. Project Management Plan Updates

Develop Project Team


The process objectives are
 To improve the team members skills
 To build trust and cohesiveness among
team members
 Project Managers should acquire skills
to identify, build, maintain, motivate,
lead and inspire teams to achieve
project objectives with optimal team
performance

13
4/3/2011

Develop Project Team

• 1. Project Staff
Assignments
• 2. Project Management
Plan
• 3. Resource Calendars

Input

Tools &
Techniques
• 1. Interpersonal Skills
• 2.Training
• 3.Team-Building Activities
• 4. Ground Rules
• 5. Co-Location
• 6. Recognition and
Rewards

• 1.Team Performance
Assignment
• 2. Enterprise
Environmental Factors

Output

Develop Project Team


Inputs
1. Project Staff Assignments
2. Project Management Plan
3. Resource Calendars

14
4/3/2011

Develop Project Team


Tools and Techniques
1. Interpersonal Skills
2. Training
3. Team-Building Activities
4. Ground Rules
5. Co-Location
6. Recognition and Rewards

Perform Quality Control


Outputs
1. Team Performance Assessment
2. Enterprise Environmental Factors

15
4/3/2011

Develop Project Team
The Project Manager should possess five
types of powers to develop project team
o Expert
 The authority of the project
manager comes from experience
with the technology of the
application area
o Reward
 The project manager has the
authority to reward the project team



Develop Project Team
Formal or Positional Power
 The project manager has been assigned
by senior management
 Coercive or Penalty Power
 The project manager has the authority to
discipline the project team members
 Referent ( referred by)
 The project manager has been assigned
by CEO.


16
4/3/2011

Develop Project Team


Team-Building Development Stages
1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

Manage Project Team


Managing the project team involves
 Tracking each team member’s
performance and providing feed back
about their performance
 Resolving issues among team members
 Managing changes to project and
project processes to enhance project
performance

17
4/3/2011

Manage Project Team

• 1. Project Staff Assignments
• 2. Project Management Plan
• 3.Team performance
Assignments
• 4. Performance Reports
• 5. Organizational Process
Assets

Tools &
Techniques
• 1. Observation &
Conversation
• 2. Project Performance
Appraisals
• 3. Conflict Management
• 4. Issue Log
• 5. Interpersonal Skills

Input

• 1. Enterprise Environmental
Factors
• 2. Organizational Process
Assets
• 3. Change Requests
• 4. Project Management Plan
Updates

Output

Manage Project Team


Inputs
1. Project Staff Assignments
2. Project Management Plan
3. Team Performance Assessments
4. Performance Reports
5. Organization Process Assets

18
4/3/2011

Manage Project Team


Tools and Techniques
 Observation and Conversation
 Project Performance Appraisals
 Conflict Management
 Issue Log
 Interpersonal Skills
 Leadership
 Influencing
 Effective Decision Making

Manage Project Team


Outputs
1. Enterprise Environnemental Factor
Updates
2. Organizational Process Assets
Updates
3. Change Requests
4. Project Management Plan Updates

19
4/3/2011

Manage Project Team
Dealing with Issues
Schedule
 Seven most common issues are
Priorities
o 7. Schedule
Resources
o 6. Priorities
o 5. Resources
Technical
o 4.Technical
Policies &
Procedures
o 3. Policies and Procedures
Project
Costs
o 2. Project Costs
Person
o 1. Personalities
alities


Conflict Resolution


Characteristics are…
 Conflict is natural
 Conflict is a team issue
 Openness resolves conflict
 Conflict resolution should focus on issues,
not personalities
 Conflict resolution should focus on the
present, not the past

20
4/3/2011

Conflict Resolution


Problem Solving
 Confronts the problem head-on
 The preferred method

Forcing
 Decision is made with power
 May not be the best solution
 Immediate solution

Conflict Resolution
Compromising
 Requires both parties give up something
 Decision is a blend of two parties
argument
 Loose-loose solution
 Used to avoid fight
 Collaborating
 Incorporating multiple viewpoints from
differing perspectives, leading to
consensus


21
4/3/2011

Conflict Resolution
Smoothing
 Smoothing by minimizing the size of the
problem
 Temporary solution
 Loose-loose solution
 Withdrawal
 One party withdraws form the problem
with disgust
 Yield-loose solution
 Worst conflict resolution


Project HR Management


To Sum Up….
1. We identified the project human
resource management knowledge area’s
processes
2. We learnt how to plan human resources
for the project
3. We learnt how to acquire project team
4. We learnt how to develop project team
5. We learnt how to manage project team

22
4/3/2011

Questions ?

23

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Project managment 8

  • 1. 4/3/2011 Project Management Knowledge Areas Section – 3 Chapter – 9 Project Human Resource Management  Session Objectives… 1. To identify the project human resource management knowledge area’s processes 2. How to plan human resources for the project 3. How to acquire project team 4. How to develop project team 5. How to manage project team 1
  • 2. 4/3/2011 Project HR Management  Exam Objectives… 1. How to plan Human resources needed 2. Performing Organizational Planning 3. How to Acquire the Needed Staff 4. How to Develop the Project Team 5. How to Manage the Project Team Project HR Management  o o o o Project human resource management includes activities…  Ability to lead  Direct  Manage The project team The customers The sponsors and Other stakeholders 2
  • 3. 4/3/2011 Project HR Management  The processes in Project HR Management are 1. Develop Human Resource Plan 2. Acquire Project Team 3. Develop Project Team 4. Manage Project Team Develop Human Resource Plan  Develop Human Resource Plan is the process of identifying and documenting  Project’s roles  Responsibilities and  Reporting relationships  Creates staffing management plan 3
  • 4. 4/3/2011 Develop Human Resource Plan • 1. Activity Resource Requirements • 2. Enterprise Environmental Factors • 3. Organizational Process Assets Input Tools & Techniques • 1. Organization Charts & Position description • 2. Networking • 3. Organizational Theory • 1. Human Resource Plan Output Develop Human Resource Plan Inputs 1. Activity Resource Requirements 2. Enterprise Environmental Factors  Organizational Culture & Structure  Existing human resources  Personnel administration policies  Market place conditions 3. Organizational Process Assets  4
  • 5. 4/3/2011 Develop Human Resource Plan  Tools and Techniques 1. Organization Charts and position descriptions 2. Networking 3. Organizational Theory Develop Human Resource Plan  Outputs 1. Human Resource Plan  Roles & Responsibilities  Project Organization Charts  Staffing Management Plan 5
  • 6. 4/3/2011 Develop Human Resource Plan  Staffing Management Plan contains…  Staff Acquisition  Timetable  Release Criteria  Training Needs  Recognition and Rewards  Compliance  Safety Organization Charts Hierarchical – type Organizational Chart PM Team Lead Member Member Team Lead Team Lead Member Member Member Member Member Member Member 6
  • 7. 4/3/2011 Organization Charts Matrix – based Responsibility Chart RAM Member 1 Define Design Code X Test X Member 2 X Member 3 X Member 4 X X X X X Organization Charts Text – oriented Format 7
  • 8. 4/3/2011 Organization Charts RACI FORMAT Activity Person A Person B Person C Person D Person E Define A R R C I Design I A I I C Develop I A R I I Test A I I R C R – Responsible A - Accountable C – Consult I - Inform Organization Theories  Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs  Physiological  Safety  Social  Esteem  Self-actualization 8
  • 9. 4/3/2011 Organization Theories  Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation o Hygiene agents  Job security  Paycheck  Acceptable working conditions  Relationships Organization Theories  Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation o Motivating agents o Opportunity o Responsibility o Appreciation o Recognition o Education 9
  • 10. 4/3/2011 Organization Theories McGregor’s Theory of X and Y o X is bad – no trust, lazy, avoid work o Y is good – self – led, motivated, capable  Expectancy Theory o People will behave based on what they expect o Will work in relation to the expected reward  Management Styles Autocratic  The Project manager makes all the decisions  Democratic  The Project Team is involved in the decision –  making process  10
  • 11. 4/3/2011 Management Styles Laissez faire  The Project Manager leaves everything on the team.The team is self-led, motivated in decision making  Exceptional  The Project Manager only pays attention to the top 10% of the performers and bottom 10% of the performers  Acquire Project Team Project team acquisition is the process of getting the needed resources on the project  Focuses on working within the policies and procedures of the organization  Negotiating, influencing, and communicating skills play key role  11
  • 12. 4/3/2011 Acquire Project Team • 1. Project Management Plan • 2. Enterprise Environmental Factors • 3. Organizational Process Assets Tools & Techniques • 1. Pre-assignment • 2. Negotiation • 3. Acquisition • 4.Virtual Teams Input • 1. Project Staff Assignments • 2. Resource Calendars • 3. Project Management Plan Updates Output Acquire Project Team Inputs 1. Project Management Plan 2. Enterprise Environmental Factors 3. Organizational Process Assets  Tools & Techniques 1. Pre-Assignment 2. Negotiation 3. Acquisition 4. Virtual Teams  12
  • 13. 4/3/2011 Acquire Project Team  Outputs 1. Project Staff Assignments 2. Resource Calendars 3. Project Management Plan Updates Develop Project Team  The process objectives are  To improve the team members skills  To build trust and cohesiveness among team members  Project Managers should acquire skills to identify, build, maintain, motivate, lead and inspire teams to achieve project objectives with optimal team performance 13
  • 14. 4/3/2011 Develop Project Team • 1. Project Staff Assignments • 2. Project Management Plan • 3. Resource Calendars Input Tools & Techniques • 1. Interpersonal Skills • 2.Training • 3.Team-Building Activities • 4. Ground Rules • 5. Co-Location • 6. Recognition and Rewards • 1.Team Performance Assignment • 2. Enterprise Environmental Factors Output Develop Project Team  Inputs 1. Project Staff Assignments 2. Project Management Plan 3. Resource Calendars 14
  • 15. 4/3/2011 Develop Project Team  Tools and Techniques 1. Interpersonal Skills 2. Training 3. Team-Building Activities 4. Ground Rules 5. Co-Location 6. Recognition and Rewards Perform Quality Control  Outputs 1. Team Performance Assessment 2. Enterprise Environmental Factors 15
  • 16. 4/3/2011 Develop Project Team The Project Manager should possess five types of powers to develop project team o Expert  The authority of the project manager comes from experience with the technology of the application area o Reward  The project manager has the authority to reward the project team  Develop Project Team Formal or Positional Power  The project manager has been assigned by senior management  Coercive or Penalty Power  The project manager has the authority to discipline the project team members  Referent ( referred by)  The project manager has been assigned by CEO.  16
  • 17. 4/3/2011 Develop Project Team  Team-Building Development Stages 1. Forming 2. Storming 3. Norming 4. Performing 5. Adjourning Manage Project Team  Managing the project team involves  Tracking each team member’s performance and providing feed back about their performance  Resolving issues among team members  Managing changes to project and project processes to enhance project performance 17
  • 18. 4/3/2011 Manage Project Team • 1. Project Staff Assignments • 2. Project Management Plan • 3.Team performance Assignments • 4. Performance Reports • 5. Organizational Process Assets Tools & Techniques • 1. Observation & Conversation • 2. Project Performance Appraisals • 3. Conflict Management • 4. Issue Log • 5. Interpersonal Skills Input • 1. Enterprise Environmental Factors • 2. Organizational Process Assets • 3. Change Requests • 4. Project Management Plan Updates Output Manage Project Team  Inputs 1. Project Staff Assignments 2. Project Management Plan 3. Team Performance Assessments 4. Performance Reports 5. Organization Process Assets 18
  • 19. 4/3/2011 Manage Project Team  Tools and Techniques  Observation and Conversation  Project Performance Appraisals  Conflict Management  Issue Log  Interpersonal Skills  Leadership  Influencing  Effective Decision Making Manage Project Team  Outputs 1. Enterprise Environnemental Factor Updates 2. Organizational Process Assets Updates 3. Change Requests 4. Project Management Plan Updates 19
  • 20. 4/3/2011 Manage Project Team Dealing with Issues Schedule  Seven most common issues are Priorities o 7. Schedule Resources o 6. Priorities o 5. Resources Technical o 4.Technical Policies & Procedures o 3. Policies and Procedures Project Costs o 2. Project Costs Person o 1. Personalities alities  Conflict Resolution  Characteristics are…  Conflict is natural  Conflict is a team issue  Openness resolves conflict  Conflict resolution should focus on issues, not personalities  Conflict resolution should focus on the present, not the past 20
  • 21. 4/3/2011 Conflict Resolution  Problem Solving  Confronts the problem head-on  The preferred method Forcing  Decision is made with power  May not be the best solution  Immediate solution Conflict Resolution Compromising  Requires both parties give up something  Decision is a blend of two parties argument  Loose-loose solution  Used to avoid fight  Collaborating  Incorporating multiple viewpoints from differing perspectives, leading to consensus  21
  • 22. 4/3/2011 Conflict Resolution Smoothing  Smoothing by minimizing the size of the problem  Temporary solution  Loose-loose solution  Withdrawal  One party withdraws form the problem with disgust  Yield-loose solution  Worst conflict resolution  Project HR Management  To Sum Up…. 1. We identified the project human resource management knowledge area’s processes 2. We learnt how to plan human resources for the project 3. We learnt how to acquire project team 4. We learnt how to develop project team 5. We learnt how to manage project team 22