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Proposal 2012
- 1. PRESENTER MULAMA KENNEDY MASINDE. Dr. Clive Mairura supervisor. 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 1
- 2. Topic title. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER USE ON MAIZE OUTPUT PRICE. 2 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer
- 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION. Fertilizer is the key component in the Agricultural production system in Africa particularly in Kenya. Cropping system with high yield target cannot be sustained until there is a balance between nutrients taken by the crop and those put in. (Rijpma and Jahiruddin 2004.) Mineral fertilizers and nutrient management strategies are crucial to such efficiencies. Importing food supplies adequate to offset these deficits will not, in all likelihood, be economically feasible (Mwangi 1995). Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 3 8/06/2012
- 4. Statement of problem. In the Sub-Saharan Africa, low soil fertility has been identified as a threat to an increase in agricultural production mostly cereals in particular maize. This is mainly because of increased population pressure, that has lead to diminishing land holdings and poor methods of soil nutrient management. Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 8/06/2012 4
- 5. Purpose of the study. 1. To investigate the response of nitrogen fertilizer timing on growth and yield components of maize. 2. To determine the gross margin of maize at different timing of nitrogen fertilizer application. 3. To measure the correlation between yields and different yield components. 5 8/06/20 12
- 6. Importance/significance of study • To improve soil nutrient management 1 and to increase the marginal benefit cost ratio to the producers. • This paper would act as a reference 2 point to any cereal producer and marketer of fertilizer. As a consultant. 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 6
- 7. Research questions. 1. Does the management practices affect the yield and growth apart from use of fertilizer? 2. What is could be the recommended application rates for maize to realize the marginal benefit? 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 7
- 8. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 3. Do the management practices affect the yield and growth apart from use of fertilizer? 4. Are the real fertilizer prices and real price product driven by technical change in market oriented economy? 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 8
- 9. Assumption of the study. •••••••••••••••••••••••••• • It’s assumed that:- a) Fertilizer used will be the same for the plots/ replicates. b) The seed type used will be viable and of the same hybrid in all the trials. c) That the weather conditions will be favorable for research. d) Cost of fertilizer transportation and it’s supply delays will affect the results of the research. Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 8/06/2012 9
- 10. Study limitations. •••••••••••••••••••••••••• The weather may turn up to be unfavorable for the full results of research. i.e. leaching. Findings may have a limited application due to high fertilizer costs and demand. E.g. Eutrophication. Time and scope of the study may not allow the replication of the same study. Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 8/06/2012 10
- 11. Definition of operational terms. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • MBCR-marginal benefit cost ratio is the total of the partial budget analysis. This is the ration of the marginal benefits and costs. • An Agro-ecological Zone is a land resource mapping unit, defined in terms of climate, landform and soils, and/or land cover, and having a specific range of potentials and constraints for land use. (FAO 1996). • MB- man’s day of labour calculated 25 shs per day. • Economic cost- the sacrifice involved in performing an activity. Expressed as total of opportunity cost. Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 8/06/2012 11
- 12. Summary and organization. ••••••••••••••••••••••••• The study will experiment on the effects and economic impact of fertilizer use in maize output price and the decision making of the household on fertilizer use in relation to the marginal benefits cost ratio. The study will be organized in phases and a period of six to seven month whereby the data will be collected, recorded and analyzed for presentation and then recommended for adoption by farmers. 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 12
- 13. justification One important explanation for the soil degradation in developing world is the failure to provide sufficient access to available resources and proper soil nutrients management. To increase land productivity in these areas, soil nutrient management is the key role to turn the situation the way round. 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 13
- 14. Justification. cont’d Theoretically the decision to adopt mineral fertilizer is determined by the interaction between agronomics response and the nutrient grain price ratio, agronomic response in turn is determined by soil characteristics and climatic factors. If the marginal agronomic response at a level of 0kg/ha of applied nutrient is greater than the nutrient –grain price ratio in theory the farmer should adopt the fertilizer.
- 15. Objectives. 1. To determine the economic impact of fertilizer use on the growth and yield of maize crop on output price. 2. To investigate the response of nitrogen fertilizer timing on growth and yield components of maize 3. To determine the gross margin of maize at different timing of nitrogen fertilizer application. 4. To measure the correlation between yields and different yield components. Objectives.
- 16. hypothesis Ho: maize yield is directly affected by the rate of fertilizer application and thus the price product in the market oriented economy. Ha: maize yield is not directly affected by the rate of fertilizer application and so is the product price in the market oriented economy. 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 16 Hypothesis
- 17. EXPECTED CONTRIBUTION The result of the study will contribute towards unraveling the complexities under laying the households decisions on soil nutrient management and output price, with a view of suggesting possible way for policy, research and extensions to help increase the use of soil replenishing. CONTRIBUTION.
- 18. Literature review. Maize is a versatile crop, growing across a range of agro ecological zones. With its large number of varieties differing in period to maturity, maize has a wide range of tolerance to temperature conditions. It is essentially a crop of warm regions where moisture is adequate. The crop requires an average daily temperature of at least 20 C for adequate growth and development.
- 19. Cont’d Soil fertility must be managed more efficiently if Africa is to overcome its food-production problems and to secure its food security policies. Although causes of food insecurity and poverty are numerous, the decline in soil fertility with resultant decreasing crop yields is generally highlighted and stressed (Ahmed, J.K., W.P. Falcon, et al C.P. Timmer. 1989).
- 20. Cont’d In light of these considerations, many observers have called for increases in sub-Saharan fertilizer consumption of 15% or more per annum (Mwangi, W. 1995). Based on the experience of other developing world countries, where aggregate fertilizer consumption has increased far more rapidly than in sub-Saharan Africa, such expansion rates will not be easy to achieve in an economically efficient fashion (Carve and Ownby, 1995).
- 21. location The study will be carried out at the UEAB research and demonstration farm in Nandi county. The area lies at latitude 020’N longitudes 35’ 60’E at latitude of 1981M above sea level. Ecologically the zone is classified as AEZ 3. (KARI-2009)
- 22. BWALEI, 1 Project layout RCBD (Block 1) 75cm (block 2) 75cm (block 3) 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 1 3M 4 3M 3 4M 4M 4M 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 2 3 1 3M 3M 4M 4M 4M 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 3M 3 3M 1 3M 2 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 75cm 4 2 4 75cm 75cm
- 23. Blocking design. Block I Block II Block III 4 1 3 3 2 1 1 4 2 2 3 4
- 24. Coding . 1...............................no nitrogen fertilizer applied. (Control plot) 2…………………... nitrogen fertilizer applied 30 days after planting 3…………………...nitrogen fertilizer applied 44 days after planting 4…………………..nitrogen fertilizer applied 58 days after planting
- 25. Parameters to be measured Plant height, and Leaf length (taken every 14 days after N application). Maize stalk diameter and root length (also every 14 days after N application) Number of days for tussling. Grain Yield in Kgs.
- 26. Acknowledgement. Dr. Maurice Ogutu. Mr. Clive Mairura. Mr. Mkandawire Frankston.
- 27. 8/06/2012 Mulama - agronomics of fertilizer 27
Notas del editor
- SmartArt custom animation effects: vertical chevron list with bright colors(Basic)To reproduce the SmartArt effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then clickBlank. On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click SmartArt. In the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box, in the left pane, click List. In the List pane, click Vertical Chevron List (fourth row, fourth option from the left), and then click OK to insert the graphic into the slide.Select the graphic, and then click one of the arrows on the left border. In the Type your text here dialog box, enter text. Select the graphic. Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Size, and then do the following:In the Height box, enter 5.35”.In the Width box, enter 6.86”.Under SmartArt Tools, on the Format tab, click Arrange, click Align, and then do the following:Click Align to Slide.Click Align Middle. Click Align Center. On the slide, select the graphic. On the Design tab, in the Themes group, click Colors,and then under Built-in click Solstice. (Note: If this action is taken in a PowerPoint presentation containing more than one slide, the color scheme will be applied to all of the slides.)Under SmartArtTools, on the Design tab, in the SmartArtStyles group, do the following:Click ChangeColors and then under Colorful click Colorful Range – Accent Colors 4 to 5 (fourth option from the left).Click More, and then under 3-D click Polished (first row, first option from the left).Press and hold CTRL, and then select the three chevron shapes (topic headings). On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Gill Sans MT Condensed from the Font list, and then enter 35 in the Font Size box.Press and hold CTRL, and then select the three rectangles (bulleted lists). On the Home tab, in the Font group, select Gill Sans MT Condensed from the Font list, and then enter 33 in the Font Size box. Under SmartArtTools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, point to Gradient, and then click More Gradients. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 20%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 73%.Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%.To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation.On the slide, select the graphic. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click Add Effect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Moderate, click Descend.Under Modify: Descend, in the Speed list, select VeryFast.Also in the CustomAnimation task pane, select the animation effect. Click the arrow to the right of the animation effect, and then click EffectOptions. In the Descend dialog box, on the SmartArtAnimation tab, in the Group graphic list, select One by one, and then click OK.Also in the Custom Animation taskpane, click the double arrow under the animation effect to expand the contents of the list of effects, and then do the following:Select the first animation effect (descend effect for the first topic heading). Under Modify: Descend, in the Start list, select After Previous. Press and hold CTRL, select the second, fourth, and sixthanimation effects (descend effects for the bulleted lists), and then do the following:Click Change, point to Entrance, and then click More Effects. In the Change Entrance Effect dialog box, under Moderate, click Stretch, and then click OK.Under Modify: Stretch, in the Direction list, select From Left. Under Modify: Stretch, in the Speed list, select Fast.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction list, click Linear Up (second row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 20%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 0%.Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors clickWhite, Background 1, Darker 50% (sixth row, first option from the left).
- Custom animation effects: rotating tubes with text(Intermediate)To reproduce the first shape effect on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in theSlides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the ShapeHeight box, enter 0.75”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 7.42”.Drag the rectangle above the middle of the slide, and then align the right edge with the right edge of the slide.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then under ReflectionVariations click TightReflection, touching.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction list, select LinearUp (second row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until four stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 40%(fourth row, fifth option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 26%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 80%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).Select Stop 4 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifthrow, first option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane. In the LineColor pane, select Noline.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click OffsetCenter, and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 60%.In the Size box, enter 102%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 0°In the Distance box, enter 0 pt.On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Select the second, duplicate rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then click NoReflection.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, click the button next to Direction, and then click LinearDown (first row, second option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under NoShadow click NoShadow.On the slide, drag the second rectangle until it is directly on top of the first rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle. To reproduce the first text effect on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the first line of text on the slide, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Trebuchet MS.In the FontSize box, enter 26.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 25% (fourth row, second option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click AlignTextLeft to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the WordArtStyles group, click TextEffects, point to Shadow, and then click ShadowOptions. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Inner click Inside Diagonal Bottom Left (third row, first option from the left), and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 21%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 90°.In the Distance box, enter 4 pt.On the slide, drag the text box onto the second (top) rectangle. To animate the first shape and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibilitypane, select the third object in the list (the first rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Ascend.Select the animation effect (ascend effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Ascend,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second object in the list (the second rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the second animation effect (fade effect for the second rectangle). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select AfterPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first object in the list (text box). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Stretch.Select the third animation effect (stretch effect for the text box). Under Modify: Stretch,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Direction list, select FromTop.In the Speed list, select Fast.To reproduce the other animated shapes and text on this slide, do the following:Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the two rectangles and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the first group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.With the third group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the second group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.Click in the second and third duplicate text boxes and edit the text.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (fifth row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (fifth row, second option from the left).
- Custom animation effects: rotating tubes with text(Intermediate)To reproduce the first shape effect on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in theSlides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the ShapeHeight box, enter 0.75”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 7.42”.Drag the rectangle above the middle of the slide, and then align the right edge with the right edge of the slide.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then under ReflectionVariations click TightReflection, touching.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction list, select LinearUp (second row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until four stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 40%(fourth row, fifth option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 26%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 80%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).Select Stop 4 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifthrow, first option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane. In the LineColor pane, select Noline.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click OffsetCenter, and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 60%.In the Size box, enter 102%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 0°In the Distance box, enter 0 pt.On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Select the second, duplicate rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then click NoReflection.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, click the button next to Direction, and then click LinearDown (first row, second option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under NoShadow click NoShadow.On the slide, drag the second rectangle until it is directly on top of the first rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle. To reproduce the first text effect on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the first line of text on the slide, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Trebuchet MS.In the FontSize box, enter 26.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 25% (fourth row, second option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click AlignTextLeft to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the WordArtStyles group, click TextEffects, point to Shadow, and then click ShadowOptions. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Inner click Inside Diagonal Bottom Left (third row, first option from the left), and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 21%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 90°.In the Distance box, enter 4 pt.On the slide, drag the text box onto the second (top) rectangle. To animate the first shape and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibilitypane, select the third object in the list (the first rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Ascend.Select the animation effect (ascend effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Ascend,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second object in the list (the second rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the second animation effect (fade effect for the second rectangle). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select AfterPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first object in the list (text box). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Stretch.Select the third animation effect (stretch effect for the text box). Under Modify: Stretch,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Direction list, select FromTop.In the Speed list, select Fast.To reproduce the other animated shapes and text on this slide, do the following:Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the two rectangles and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the first group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.With the third group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the second group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.Click in the second and third duplicate text boxes and edit the text.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (fifth row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (fifth row, second option from the left).
- Custom animation effects: rotating tubes with text(Intermediate)To reproduce the first shape effect on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in theSlides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the ShapeHeight box, enter 0.75”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 7.42”.Drag the rectangle above the middle of the slide, and then align the right edge with the right edge of the slide.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then under ReflectionVariations click TightReflection, touching.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction list, select LinearUp (second row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until four stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 40%(fourth row, fifth option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 26%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 80%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).Select Stop 4 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifthrow, first option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane. In the LineColor pane, select Noline.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click OffsetCenter, and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 60%.In the Size box, enter 102%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 0°In the Distance box, enter 0 pt.On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Select the second, duplicate rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then click NoReflection.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, click the button next to Direction, and then click LinearDown (first row, second option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under NoShadow click NoShadow.On the slide, drag the second rectangle until it is directly on top of the first rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle. To reproduce the first text effect on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the first line of text on the slide, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Trebuchet MS.In the FontSize box, enter 26.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 25% (fourth row, second option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click AlignTextLeft to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the WordArtStyles group, click TextEffects, point to Shadow, and then click ShadowOptions. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Inner click Inside Diagonal Bottom Left (third row, first option from the left), and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 21%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 90°.In the Distance box, enter 4 pt.On the slide, drag the text box onto the second (top) rectangle. To animate the first shape and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibilitypane, select the third object in the list (the first rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Ascend.Select the animation effect (ascend effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Ascend,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second object in the list (the second rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the second animation effect (fade effect for the second rectangle). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select AfterPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first object in the list (text box). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Stretch.Select the third animation effect (stretch effect for the text box). Under Modify: Stretch,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Direction list, select FromTop.In the Speed list, select Fast.To reproduce the other animated shapes and text on this slide, do the following:Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the two rectangles and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the first group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.With the third group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the second group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.Click in the second and third duplicate text boxes and edit the text.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (fifth row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (fifth row, second option from the left).
- Custom animation effects: rotating tubes with text(Intermediate)To reproduce the first shape effect on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in theSlides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the ShapeHeight box, enter 0.75”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 7.42”.Drag the rectangle above the middle of the slide, and then align the right edge with the right edge of the slide.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then under ReflectionVariations click TightReflection, touching.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction list, select LinearUp (second row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until four stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 40%(fourth row, fifth option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 26%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 80%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).Select Stop 4 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifthrow, first option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane. In the LineColor pane, select Noline.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click OffsetCenter, and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 60%.In the Size box, enter 102%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 0°In the Distance box, enter 0 pt.On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Select the second, duplicate rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then click NoReflection.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, click the button next to Direction, and then click LinearDown (first row, second option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under NoShadow click NoShadow.On the slide, drag the second rectangle until it is directly on top of the first rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle. To reproduce the first text effect on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the first line of text on the slide, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Trebuchet MS.In the FontSize box, enter 26.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 25% (fourth row, second option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click AlignTextLeft to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the WordArtStyles group, click TextEffects, point to Shadow, and then click ShadowOptions. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Inner click Inside Diagonal Bottom Left (third row, first option from the left), and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 21%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 90°.In the Distance box, enter 4 pt.On the slide, drag the text box onto the second (top) rectangle. To animate the first shape and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibilitypane, select the third object in the list (the first rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Ascend.Select the animation effect (ascend effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Ascend,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second object in the list (the second rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the second animation effect (fade effect for the second rectangle). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select AfterPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first object in the list (text box). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Stretch.Select the third animation effect (stretch effect for the text box). Under Modify: Stretch,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Direction list, select FromTop.In the Speed list, select Fast.To reproduce the other animated shapes and text on this slide, do the following:Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the two rectangles and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the first group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.With the third group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the second group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.Click in the second and third duplicate text boxes and edit the text.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (fifth row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (fifth row, second option from the left).
- Custom animation effects: rotating tubes with text(Intermediate)To reproduce the first shape effect on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in theSlides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle.Select the rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the ShapeHeight box, enter 0.75”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 7.42”.Drag the rectangle above the middle of the slide, and then align the right edge with the right edge of the slide.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then under ReflectionVariations click TightReflection, touching.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction list, select LinearUp (second row, second option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until four stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Blue, Accent 1, Lighter 40%(fourth row, fifth option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 26%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left).Select Stop 3 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 80%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).Select Stop 4 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColorsclick White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifthrow, first option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click LineColor in the left pane. In the LineColor pane, select Noline.Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click OffsetCenter, and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 60%.In the Size box, enter 102%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 0°In the Distance box, enter 0 pt.On the slide, select the rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Select the second, duplicate rectangle. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the ShapeStyles group, click ShapeEffects, point to Reflection, and then click NoReflection.On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the FormatShape dialog box launcher. In the FormatShape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane. In the Fill pane, click the button next to Direction, and then click LinearDown (first row, second option from the left).Also in the FormatShape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, and then under NoShadow click NoShadow.On the slide, drag the second rectangle until it is directly on top of the first rectangle.On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both rectangles. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Center.Click Align Middle. To reproduce the first text effect on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the first line of text on the slide, and then select the text. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Trebuchet MS.In the FontSize box, enter 26.Click Bold.Click the arrow next to FontColor, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 25% (fourth row, second option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click AlignTextLeft to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the WordArtStyles group, click TextEffects, point to Shadow, and then click ShadowOptions. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, in the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Inner click Inside Diagonal Bottom Left (third row, first option from the left), and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 21%.In the Blur box, enter 5 pt.In the Angle box, enter 90°.In the Distance box, enter 4 pt.On the slide, drag the text box onto the second (top) rectangle. To animate the first shape and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibilitypane, select the third object in the list (the first rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Ascend.Select the animation effect (ascend effect for the first rectangle). Under Modify: Ascend,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second object in the list (the second rectangle you created). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the second animation effect (fade effect for the second rectangle). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select AfterPrevious.In the Speed list, select Fast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first object in the list (text box). In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Moderate, click Stretch.Select the third animation effect (stretch effect for the text box). Under Modify: Stretch,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Direction list, select FromTop.In the Speed list, select Fast.To reproduce the other animated shapes and text on this slide, do the following:Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the two rectangles and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the first group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.With the second group of objects still selected on the slide, on the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.With the third group of objects still selected on the slide, drag them under the second group of objects, aligning the right edge of the rectangles with the right edge of the slide.Click in the second and third duplicate text boxes and edit the text.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Radial.Click the button next to Direction, and then click From Center (third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (fifth row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 5% (fifth row, second option from the left).
- Custom animation effects: buttons grow and turn on path(Advanced)To reproduce the curved shape on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Lines click Freeform (11th option from the left).On the slide, do the following to draw the freeform line:Click the first point on the upper left corner of the slide. Click the second point on the bottom edge of the slide, slightly to the left of the middle. Click the third point on the lower left corner of the slide. Double-click the fourth and final point on the first point, on the upper left corner of the slide.Right-click the freeform shape, and then click Edit Points. Right-click the diagonal line, and then click Curved Segment. (Note: Your segment may not look as curved as in the example above.)Select the freeform shape. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then click No Outline.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Diagonal(second row, third option from the left).Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, click More Colors, and then in the Colors dialog box, on the Custom tab, enter values for Red: 230, Green: 230, Blue: 230.To reproduce the picture and text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Picture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert.On the slide, select the picture. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click Picture Shape, and then under Basic Shapes click Oval (first option from the left).With the picture still selected, under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, resize or crop the picture as needed so that under Size and rotate, the Height box is set to 1.2” and the Width box is set to 1.2”. Resize the picture under Size and rotate by entering values into the Height and Width boxes. Crop the picture under Crop from by entering values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes. Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click the arrow next to Picture Effects, point to Bevel, and then under Bevel click Circle (first row, first option from the left).Under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the Picture Styles group, click Picture Effects, point to Bevel, and then click 3-D Options. In the Format Picture dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then do the following in the 3-D Format pane, under Surface:Click the button next to Material, and then under Standard click Metal (fourth option from the left). Click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral click Contrasting (second row, second option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 25°.Also in the Format Picture dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click Offset Diagonal Bottom Left (first row, third option from the left), and then do the following:In the Transparency box, enter 77%.In the Size box, enter 100%.In the Blur box, enter 10 pt.In the Angle box, enter 141°.In the Distance box, enter 10 pt.On the slide, drag the picture onto the curve, near the top. On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box. On the slide, drag to draw the text box.Enter text in the text box and select it. On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select Corbel.In the Font Size box, enter 22.Click the arrow next to Font Color,and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1, Darker 50% (sixth row, first option from the left).On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Align Text Left to align the text left in the text box.On the slide, drag the text box to the right of the picture. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:It will help to zoom out in order to view the area off the slide. On the View tab, in the Zoom group, click Zoom. In the Zoom dialog box, select 33%.On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click Custom Animation.On the slide, select the picture. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then clickMoreEffects. In the AddEntrance Effect dialog box, under Moderate, click Grow & Turn.Select the animation effect (grow & turn effect for the picture). Under Modify: Grow & Turn, do the following:In theStart list, selectWith Previous.In the Speed list, select Fast. On the slide, select the picture. In the CustomAnimation task pane, click AddEffect, point to Motion Paths, point to Draw Custom Path, and then click Curve.On the slide, do the following to create the custom motion path:Click the first point in the center of the picture. Click the second point in the middle of the curve. Double-click the third point off the bottom edge of the slide. In the CustomAnimation task pane, select the second animation effect (motion path for the picture), and then under Modify: Custom Path, do the following:In theStart list, selectWith Previous.In the Speedlist, select Fast.On the slide, right-click the motion path and then click Reverse Path Direction.On the slide, select the text box. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then clickMoreEffects. In the AddEntrance Effect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the third animation effect (fade effect for the text box). Under Modify: Fade, do the following:In theStart list, selectAfter Previous.In the Speed list, select Fast. To reproduce the other animated pictures and text boxes on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. On the slide, press and hold CTRL and then select the picture and the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the duplicate picture and text box. On the slide, drag them onto the curve below the first group. In the Custom Animation task pane, select the fifth animation effect (motion path for the second picture). On the slide, point to the starting point (green arrow) until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Drag the starting point below the bottom edge of the slide, to the same position as the starting point for the first motion path. (Note: The endpoint of the second motion path should still be in the middle of the second picture.)On the slide, right-clickthe second picture and then click ChangePicture. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture, and then click Insert. With the picture still selected, under Picture Tools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, resize or crop the picture as needed so that under Size and rotate, the Height box is set to 1.2” and the Width box is set to 1.2”. Resize the picture under Size and rotate by entering values into the Height and Width boxes. Crop the picture under Crop from by entering values into the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom boxes. Click in the text box and edit the text.Repeat steps 1-7 two more times to reproduce the third and fourth pictures and text boxes with animation effects.
- Custom animation effects: spinning clip art with text(Intermediate)To reproduce the clip art on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in theSlides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Insert tab, in the Illustrations group, click Clip Art.In the Clip Art pane, in the Search for box, enter j0435540. In the Search in list, select Everywhere, and then click Go. Select the clip art file in the pane to insert it into the slide. (Note: If you choose another clip art file, the clip art must be in the Windows Metafile format [.wmf].)On the slide, select the clip art. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the Shape Height box, enter 5.83”.In the Shape Width box, enter 8.12”.On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Ungroup.In the Microsoft Office PowerPoint dialog box, click Yes. On the slide, select the converted clip art. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the top-level group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Ungroup. Also in the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Autoshape object, and then press DELETE. Press CTRL+A to select all of the objects on the slide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group.Select the group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shape Effects, point to Preset, and then under Presets click Preset 8 (second row, fourth option from the left). With the group still selected, under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher, and do the following:On the Size tab, in the Height box, enter 6.27”.On the Size tab, in the Width box, enter 6.27”.On the Position tab, in the Horizontal box, enter 3.89”. On the Position tab, in the Vertical box, enter 1.55”To reproduce the text on this slide, do the following:On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox.Drag to draw a text box on the slide.In the text box, enter text and select it. On the Home tab, in the Font group do the following:In the Font list, select Candara.In the FontSize box, enter 32 pt.In the FontColor list, under StandardColors select Orange (third option from the left). Click Italic. Select the text box on the slide, and then under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following:In the ShapeHeight box, enter 7.29”.In the ShapeWidth box, enter 7.29”.Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the WordArtStyles group, click TextEffects, point to Transform, and under FollowPath select ArchUp (first option from the left).To wrap the text upside down, at the bottom of the text box, drag the pink adjustment diamond from the center left position in the text box to the lower right corner of the text box. With the text box still selected, under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the Size group, click the Size and Position dialog box launcher, and then on the Position tab do the following:In the Horizontal box, enter 3.38”. In the Vertical box, enter 1.04”.To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:On the Animation tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation.Select the circle clip art on the slide, and then in the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Emphasis effect and select MoreEffects. In the AddEmphasisEffect dialog box, under Basic select Spin, and then click OK.Click the arrow to the right of the spin emphasis effect, select Effect Options,and do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, in the Amount list, select QuarterSpin.On the Effect tab, under Settings, in the Amount list, select Counterclockwise.On the Timing tab, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.On the Timing tab, in the Speed box enter4.0 seconds.Click OK.On the slide, select the text box, and then in the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click the AddEffect, point to Entrance and select MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle select Fade, and then click OK.Select the fade entrance effect (second effect), and under Modify: Fade do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select Slow. With the text box still selected, click AddEffect, point to Emphasis and select MoreEffects. In the AddEmphasisEffect dialog box, under Basic select Spin, and then click OK.Select the spin emphasis effect (third effect), and under Modify: Spin do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Amount list, select HalfSpin.In the Speed list select Slow. With the text box still selected, click AddEffect, point to Emphasis and select MoreEffects. In the AddEmphasisEffect dialog box, under Basic select Spin, and then click OK.Click the arrow to the right of the spin emphasis effect (fourth effect), select Effect Options,and do the following:On the Effect tab, under Settings, in the Amount list, in the Custom box enter 30°, and then press ENTER.On the Effect tab, under Settings, in the Amount list, select Counterclockwise.On the Timing tab, in the Start list, select WithPrevious.On the Timing tab, in the Delay box enter 3.0 seconds.On the Timing tab, in the Speed box enter1 seconds (Fast).Click OK.To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.In the Direction, list click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left)Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors clickBlack, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).