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VALOR PRESENTE NETO



∑INVERSION:                                 9 AÑOS
∑INVERSION FINANCIERA:                    250,000.00


 VPN=     FC1        +      FC2       +     FC3        …    FCN        - IO
         (1+R)N            (1+R)N          (1+R)N          (1+R)N


   R=         0.07




 VPN=   (1,038.25) +      12,498.46   +   29,876.44        45,763.33    +     65,864.29 +   71,696.10 +   79,849.27 +   87,779.17 +   86,334.40 - 158.148,75
           1.07             1.14            1.23            1.31                1.4           1.5          1.61          1.72          1.84

 VPN=     (970.33) +      10,916.63 +     24,388.08 +      34,912.62    +     46,960.33 +   47,774.14 +   49,726.11 +   51,088.28 +   46,960.20 - 158.148,75


 VPN= 153,607.32         EL PROYECTO ES RENTABLE
POLICÍA MUNICIPAL MUNICIPIO JUAN JOSÉ MORA

                                                     FLUJO DE EFECTIVO


PERIODOS                          2010        2011         2012        2013        2014        2015        2016         2017         2018
UTILIDAD NETA                   -10,509.25   12,028.46    30,158.44   46,827.33   69,913.29   77,620.10   86,707.27    95,773.17    94,865.40
DEPRECIACION                     9,471.00    9,471.00     9,471.00    9,471.00    9,471.00     9,471.00    9,471.00     9,471.00     9,471.00
SUB-TOTAL
MAS:
LIMITACION CTAS. POR COBRAR
AUMENTO CTAS. POR COBRAR
MENOS:
AUMENTO CTAS. POR COBRAR
DISMINUCION CTAS. POR PAGAR
EFECTIVO NETO USADO              -1,038.25   21,499.46    39,629.44   56,298.33   79,384.29   87,091.10   96,178.27   105,244.17   104,336.40
ACTIVIDADES DE INVERSION
MAS:
DISMINUCUION DE PROPIEDADES Y
EQUIPOS
MENOS:
AUMENTO DE PROPIEDADES Y
EQUIPOS                                       9,001.00     9,753.00   10,535.00   13,520.00   15,395.00   16,329.00   17,465.00   18,002.00
EFECTIVO NETO USADO                          (9,001.00)   (9,753.00) (10,535.00) (13,520.00) (15,395.00) (16,329.00) (17,465.00) (18,002.00)
ACTIVIDADES DE FIANCIAMIENTO
MAS:
AUMENTO DE FINANCIAMIENTO              -      9,001.00     9,753.00   10,535.00   13,520.00   15,395.00   16,329.00   17,465.00    18,002.00
MENOS:
DISMINUCION DE FINANCIAMIENTO
EFECTIVO NETO PROVISTO DE
FINANCIAMIENTO                                9,001.00     9,753.00   10,535.00   13,520.00   15,395.00   16,329.00   17,465.00    18,002.00
TOTAL FLUJO DE CAJA             (1,038.25)   12,498.46    29,876.44   45,763.33   65,864.29   71,696.10   79,849.27   87,779.17    86,334.40
ESTADO DE RESULTADO PROYECTADO
                              EMPRESA HELADERIA INDUSTRIAL DE PUERTO CABELLO, S.A.

                                                           DEL 2003 AL 2011


      INGRESOS POR SERVICIO          2010        2011        2012       2013       2014       2015            2016         2017         2018
INGRESOS NETOS                      40,000.00   65,000.00   84,000.00 102,000.00 126,000.00 140,233.01      150,383.01   160,533.01   170,683.01
COSTOS Y GASTOS
INSUMOS                                 79.75   84.54           86.23       88.81      90.59       103.27      105.34       107.44       128.93
GASTOS DE ENERGIA ELECTRICA            960.00 1,017.60       1,037.95    1,069.09 1,090.47       1,243.14    1,268.00     1,293.36     1,552.03
PERSONAL                            30,000.00 31,800.00     32,436.00   33,409.08 34,077.26     38,848.08   39,625.04    40,417.54    48,501.05
DEPRECIACION VEHÍCULOS               9,471.00   9,471.00     9,471.00    9,471.00   9,471.00     9,471.00     9,471.00     9,471.00     9,471.00
COSTOS VARIABLES
ALQUILER DEL LOCAL                     720.00  763.20          778.46      801.82      817.85      932.35      951.00       970.02     1,164.03
MANTENIMIENTO DE EQUIPO              1,578.50 1,673.21       1,706.67    1,757.87    1,793.03    2,044.06    2,084.94     2,126.64     2,551.96
GASTOS (FINANCIAMIENTO)              7,700.00 8,162.00       8,325.24    8,575.00    8,746.50    9,971.01   10,170.43    10,373.84    12,448.60
IMPUESTO MUNICIPALES
UTILIDAD NETA ANTES DEL I.S.R.L.   (10,509.25) 12,028.46    30,158.44   46,827.33   69,913.29   77,620.10   86,707.27    95,773.17    94,865.40
I.S.R.L.
UTILIDAD NETA                      -10,509.25   12,028.46   30,158.44   46,827.33   69,913.29   77,620.10    86,707.27    95,773.17    94,865.40
Modelo Económico
                                       Presupuesto de Inversión
                         Monto a Financiar
      Descripción              2010          Aportes Propios         Total Bs.
Insumos                          79,750.00          0                       79,750.00
Maquinarias y Equipos                    -                                       0.00
Equipos de Seguridad            137,500.00          0                      137,500.00
Vehículos                    38,500,000.00                              38,500,000.00
Equipos de Comput.               30,000.00                                  30,000.00
Uniformes del Personal           10,000.00                                  10,000.00
Mobiliario y Equipos             82,500.00                                  82,500.00


                             38,839,750.00

COSTO DE
MANTENIMIENTO DE
EQUIPOS                        38,667,500.00
ESTIMADO 1% 1er AÑO               386,675.00
GASTOS ENERGIA
ELECTRICA                          12,000.00
50 PERSONAS S/MINIMO         75,000.00
ALQUILER DEL LOCAL           6,000.00
FINANCIAMIENTO                  -
ESTIMADO 7% 1er AÑO             -

DEPRECIACIÓN 15 AÑOS       2,320,050.00



         38,839,750.00              100.00% APORTE FINANCIADO
     38,839,750.00



                                                                                        INGRESOS POR
        Años                                   PRESTACIÓN SERVICIO     P/U                SERVICIO

         2010                                      10,000.00           14.02             140,233.01

         2011                                      10,500.00           14.32             150,383.01

         2012                                      11,000.00           14.59             160,533.01

         2013                                      11,500.00           14.84             170,683.01
CALCULO DEL COEFICIENTE DE VARIANZA ESTANDAR

Y=       Ingresos por Servicio Prestado                             8
X=       Cantidades de unidades promedio 20% Operativas 80% Recaudación


 ∑X2 =                                269,500,000.00
 S2 =                              19,954,574,433.66
 N=                                             5.00
 X=                                        36,000.00


             ∑X2              S2                                                                   1                  S2
 Sb1=                     *                                                    Sb2=                               *

          N*∑X *(X)
               2     2
                                                                                            ∑X - 1 (X)
                                                                                               2         2

                                                                                                 N


                    269,500,000.00                         19.954.574.433,66                            1                      19.954.574.433,66
 Sb1=                                                  *
                                                                               Sb2=                                        *

           5 * 269.500.000,00 * (36.000,00)2                                          269.500.000,00 - 1 * (36.000,00) 2
                                                                                                    5

                    269,500,000.00                         19.954.574.433,66                            1                      19.954.574.433,66
 Sb1=                                                  *
                                                                               Sb2=                                        *

          1.347.500.000,00 * 1.296.000.000,00                                         269.500.000,00 - 1 * (36.000,00) 2
                                                                                                    5

                    269,500,000.00                         19.954.574.433,66                            1                     19.954.574.433,66
 Sb1=                                                  *
                                                                               Sb2=                                         *

             1,746,360,000,000,000,000.00                                             269.500.000,00 - 1 * 1.296.000.000,00
                                                                                                    5

 Sb1=               0.000000000154                         19.954.574.433,66                           1                       19.954.574.433,66
                                                       *                       Sb2=                                        *

                                                                                        269.500.000,00 - 259.200.000,00
 Sb1=              3.07
                                                                                                          1                    19.954.574.433,66
                                                                               Sb2=                                        *
                                                                                                    10,300,000.00

                                                                               Sb1=                0.000000097087          *
                                                                                                                               19.954.574.433,66

                                                                               Sb1=                    1,937.33
CALCULO DEL ERROR ESTANDAR DE ESTIMACIÓN

Y=                 Ingresos por Prestación del Servicio                                         8
X=                 Cantidades de unidades promedio 20% Operativas 80% Recaudación

     Año                    X                        Y                 XY                X²                y²
     2003                 5000                         40,000.00     200,000,000.00 25,000,000.00     1,600,000,000.00
     2004                 6500                         65,000.00     422,500,000.00 42,250,000.00     4,225,000,000.00
     2005                 7000                         84,000.00     588,000,000.00 49,000,000.00     7,056,000,000.00
     2006                 8500                        102,000.00     867,000,000.00 72,250,000.00    10,404,000,000.00
     2007                 9000                        126,000.00   1,134,000,000.00 81,000,000.00    15,876,000,000.00
      Σ                   36000                       417,000.00   3,211,500,000.00 269,500,000.00   39,161,000,000.00

     B2 =                                           20.30
     B1 =                                      -62,766.99
     Y=                                         83,400.00
     X=                                         7,200.00

                           ∑ e 12
     S2 =
                          N -2

        e12 = ∑ Y2 - B1∑ Y- B2 ∑ (XY)
                                         26,173,834,951.46       -5,471,111,650.49
        e12 = 39.161.000.000,00 - (-62.766,99)(417.000,00) - 20,30(269.500.000,00)

        e 12 =         39,161,000,000.00 + 26.173.834.951,46 - 5.471.111.650,49

        e 12 =         59,863,723,300.97

            S2 =                59,863,723,300.97
                                      3.00

            S2 =       19,954,574,433.66


            S=          141,260.66
MODELO ECONÒMICO

FORMULAS BASICAS

Ŷ = B1 ± B2 + U
          __
B1 = Ŷ - B2 (X)

B2 =               N Σ (XY) - Σ X . ΣY
                     N Σ X² - Σ (X)²

DETERMINACION DE VARIABLES

Y=            Ingresos por prestación del servicio                                        8
X=            Cantidades de unidades promedio 20% servicio 80% recaudación

 Año               X               Y                  XY                       X²
 2010             5000            40,000.00       200,000,000.00              25,000,000.00
 2011             6500            65,000.00       422,500,000.00              42,250,000.00
 2012             7000            84,000.00       588,000,000.00              49,000,000.00
 2013             8500           102,000.00       867,000,000.00              72,250,000.00
 2014             9000           126,000.00     1,134,000,000.00              81,000,000.00
     Σ            36000          417,000.00     3,211,500,000.00          269,500,000.00

       B2 = N ∑ (XY) - ∑ X .           ∑Y
            N ∑ X2 - ∑ (X) 2

       B2 =                      5 (3.211500.000,00) - (36.000,00 x 417.000,00)
                                          5 (269.500.000,00) - (36.000,00)2

       B2 =         16,057,500,000.00                    -                    15,012,000,000.00
                    1,347,500,000.00                                          1,296,000,000.00

       B2 =                            1,045,500,000.00
                                         51,500,000.00

       B2 =                      20.30              20.30097087




         Y=                       ∑Y
N

Y=               417,000.00
                     5

Y=               83,400.00


X=                  ∑X
                    N

X=               36,000.00
                     5

X=                7,200.00



     B1 =   Y - B2. (X)

     B1 =           83,400.00   -   20.30                 7,200.00

     B1 =           83,400.00   -   146,166.99

     B1 =          -62,766.99




     Ŷ=     B1                  ⁺   B2 X + μ

     Ŷ=            -62,766.99   +           20.30097087   X +μ
Proyección



                                              Ŷ=   -62,766.99 +    20.30       X +μ
 Año      X          Y

 2010   10,000.00   140,233.01     Ŷ año 2008 =    -62,766.99 +    20.30       10,000.00

 2011   10,500.00   150,383.01

 2012   11,000.00   160,533.01     Ŷ año 2008 =    -62,766.99 +   203,000.00

 2013   11,500.00   170,683.01

Total   43,000.00   621,832.04     Ŷ año 2008 =    140,233.01




                                   Ŷ año 2009 =    -62,766.99 +    20.30       10,500.00




                                   Ŷ año 2009 =    -62,766.99 +   213,150.00



                                   Ŷ año 2009 =    150,383.01




                                   Ŷ año 2010 =    -62,766.99 +    20.30       11,000.00



                                   Ŷ año 2010 =    -62,766.99 +   223,300.00



                                   Ŷ año 2010 =    160,533.01
Ŷ año 2011 =   -62,766.99 +    20.30       11,500.00



Ŷ año 2011 =   -62,766.99 +   233,450.00



Ŷ año 2011 =   170,683.01

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Modelos economicos

  • 1. VALOR PRESENTE NETO ∑INVERSION: 9 AÑOS ∑INVERSION FINANCIERA: 250,000.00 VPN= FC1 + FC2 + FC3 … FCN - IO (1+R)N (1+R)N (1+R)N (1+R)N R= 0.07 VPN= (1,038.25) + 12,498.46 + 29,876.44 45,763.33 + 65,864.29 + 71,696.10 + 79,849.27 + 87,779.17 + 86,334.40 - 158.148,75 1.07 1.14 1.23 1.31 1.4 1.5 1.61 1.72 1.84 VPN= (970.33) + 10,916.63 + 24,388.08 + 34,912.62 + 46,960.33 + 47,774.14 + 49,726.11 + 51,088.28 + 46,960.20 - 158.148,75 VPN= 153,607.32 EL PROYECTO ES RENTABLE
  • 2. POLICÍA MUNICIPAL MUNICIPIO JUAN JOSÉ MORA FLUJO DE EFECTIVO PERIODOS 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 UTILIDAD NETA -10,509.25 12,028.46 30,158.44 46,827.33 69,913.29 77,620.10 86,707.27 95,773.17 94,865.40 DEPRECIACION 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 SUB-TOTAL MAS: LIMITACION CTAS. POR COBRAR AUMENTO CTAS. POR COBRAR MENOS: AUMENTO CTAS. POR COBRAR DISMINUCION CTAS. POR PAGAR EFECTIVO NETO USADO -1,038.25 21,499.46 39,629.44 56,298.33 79,384.29 87,091.10 96,178.27 105,244.17 104,336.40 ACTIVIDADES DE INVERSION MAS: DISMINUCUION DE PROPIEDADES Y EQUIPOS MENOS: AUMENTO DE PROPIEDADES Y EQUIPOS 9,001.00 9,753.00 10,535.00 13,520.00 15,395.00 16,329.00 17,465.00 18,002.00 EFECTIVO NETO USADO (9,001.00) (9,753.00) (10,535.00) (13,520.00) (15,395.00) (16,329.00) (17,465.00) (18,002.00) ACTIVIDADES DE FIANCIAMIENTO MAS: AUMENTO DE FINANCIAMIENTO - 9,001.00 9,753.00 10,535.00 13,520.00 15,395.00 16,329.00 17,465.00 18,002.00 MENOS: DISMINUCION DE FINANCIAMIENTO EFECTIVO NETO PROVISTO DE FINANCIAMIENTO 9,001.00 9,753.00 10,535.00 13,520.00 15,395.00 16,329.00 17,465.00 18,002.00 TOTAL FLUJO DE CAJA (1,038.25) 12,498.46 29,876.44 45,763.33 65,864.29 71,696.10 79,849.27 87,779.17 86,334.40
  • 3. ESTADO DE RESULTADO PROYECTADO EMPRESA HELADERIA INDUSTRIAL DE PUERTO CABELLO, S.A. DEL 2003 AL 2011 INGRESOS POR SERVICIO 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 INGRESOS NETOS 40,000.00 65,000.00 84,000.00 102,000.00 126,000.00 140,233.01 150,383.01 160,533.01 170,683.01 COSTOS Y GASTOS INSUMOS 79.75 84.54 86.23 88.81 90.59 103.27 105.34 107.44 128.93 GASTOS DE ENERGIA ELECTRICA 960.00 1,017.60 1,037.95 1,069.09 1,090.47 1,243.14 1,268.00 1,293.36 1,552.03 PERSONAL 30,000.00 31,800.00 32,436.00 33,409.08 34,077.26 38,848.08 39,625.04 40,417.54 48,501.05 DEPRECIACION VEHÍCULOS 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 9,471.00 COSTOS VARIABLES ALQUILER DEL LOCAL 720.00 763.20 778.46 801.82 817.85 932.35 951.00 970.02 1,164.03 MANTENIMIENTO DE EQUIPO 1,578.50 1,673.21 1,706.67 1,757.87 1,793.03 2,044.06 2,084.94 2,126.64 2,551.96 GASTOS (FINANCIAMIENTO) 7,700.00 8,162.00 8,325.24 8,575.00 8,746.50 9,971.01 10,170.43 10,373.84 12,448.60 IMPUESTO MUNICIPALES UTILIDAD NETA ANTES DEL I.S.R.L. (10,509.25) 12,028.46 30,158.44 46,827.33 69,913.29 77,620.10 86,707.27 95,773.17 94,865.40 I.S.R.L. UTILIDAD NETA -10,509.25 12,028.46 30,158.44 46,827.33 69,913.29 77,620.10 86,707.27 95,773.17 94,865.40
  • 4. Modelo Económico Presupuesto de Inversión Monto a Financiar Descripción 2010 Aportes Propios Total Bs. Insumos 79,750.00 0 79,750.00 Maquinarias y Equipos - 0.00 Equipos de Seguridad 137,500.00 0 137,500.00 Vehículos 38,500,000.00 38,500,000.00 Equipos de Comput. 30,000.00 30,000.00 Uniformes del Personal 10,000.00 10,000.00 Mobiliario y Equipos 82,500.00 82,500.00 38,839,750.00 COSTO DE MANTENIMIENTO DE EQUIPOS 38,667,500.00 ESTIMADO 1% 1er AÑO 386,675.00 GASTOS ENERGIA ELECTRICA 12,000.00 50 PERSONAS S/MINIMO 75,000.00 ALQUILER DEL LOCAL 6,000.00 FINANCIAMIENTO - ESTIMADO 7% 1er AÑO - DEPRECIACIÓN 15 AÑOS 2,320,050.00 38,839,750.00 100.00% APORTE FINANCIADO 38,839,750.00 INGRESOS POR Años PRESTACIÓN SERVICIO P/U SERVICIO 2010 10,000.00 14.02 140,233.01 2011 10,500.00 14.32 150,383.01 2012 11,000.00 14.59 160,533.01 2013 11,500.00 14.84 170,683.01
  • 5. CALCULO DEL COEFICIENTE DE VARIANZA ESTANDAR Y= Ingresos por Servicio Prestado 8 X= Cantidades de unidades promedio 20% Operativas 80% Recaudación ∑X2 = 269,500,000.00 S2 = 19,954,574,433.66 N= 5.00 X= 36,000.00 ∑X2 S2 1 S2 Sb1= * Sb2= * N*∑X *(X) 2 2 ∑X - 1 (X) 2 2 N 269,500,000.00 19.954.574.433,66 1 19.954.574.433,66 Sb1= * Sb2= * 5 * 269.500.000,00 * (36.000,00)2 269.500.000,00 - 1 * (36.000,00) 2 5 269,500,000.00 19.954.574.433,66 1 19.954.574.433,66 Sb1= * Sb2= * 1.347.500.000,00 * 1.296.000.000,00 269.500.000,00 - 1 * (36.000,00) 2 5 269,500,000.00 19.954.574.433,66 1 19.954.574.433,66 Sb1= * Sb2= * 1,746,360,000,000,000,000.00 269.500.000,00 - 1 * 1.296.000.000,00 5 Sb1= 0.000000000154 19.954.574.433,66 1 19.954.574.433,66 * Sb2= * 269.500.000,00 - 259.200.000,00 Sb1= 3.07 1 19.954.574.433,66 Sb2= * 10,300,000.00 Sb1= 0.000000097087 * 19.954.574.433,66 Sb1= 1,937.33
  • 6. CALCULO DEL ERROR ESTANDAR DE ESTIMACIÓN Y= Ingresos por Prestación del Servicio 8 X= Cantidades de unidades promedio 20% Operativas 80% Recaudación Año X Y XY X² y² 2003 5000 40,000.00 200,000,000.00 25,000,000.00 1,600,000,000.00 2004 6500 65,000.00 422,500,000.00 42,250,000.00 4,225,000,000.00 2005 7000 84,000.00 588,000,000.00 49,000,000.00 7,056,000,000.00 2006 8500 102,000.00 867,000,000.00 72,250,000.00 10,404,000,000.00 2007 9000 126,000.00 1,134,000,000.00 81,000,000.00 15,876,000,000.00 Σ 36000 417,000.00 3,211,500,000.00 269,500,000.00 39,161,000,000.00 B2 = 20.30 B1 = -62,766.99 Y= 83,400.00 X= 7,200.00 ∑ e 12 S2 = N -2 e12 = ∑ Y2 - B1∑ Y- B2 ∑ (XY) 26,173,834,951.46 -5,471,111,650.49 e12 = 39.161.000.000,00 - (-62.766,99)(417.000,00) - 20,30(269.500.000,00) e 12 = 39,161,000,000.00 + 26.173.834.951,46 - 5.471.111.650,49 e 12 = 59,863,723,300.97 S2 = 59,863,723,300.97 3.00 S2 = 19,954,574,433.66 S= 141,260.66
  • 7. MODELO ECONÒMICO FORMULAS BASICAS Ŷ = B1 ± B2 + U __ B1 = Ŷ - B2 (X) B2 = N Σ (XY) - Σ X . ΣY N Σ X² - Σ (X)² DETERMINACION DE VARIABLES Y= Ingresos por prestación del servicio 8 X= Cantidades de unidades promedio 20% servicio 80% recaudación Año X Y XY X² 2010 5000 40,000.00 200,000,000.00 25,000,000.00 2011 6500 65,000.00 422,500,000.00 42,250,000.00 2012 7000 84,000.00 588,000,000.00 49,000,000.00 2013 8500 102,000.00 867,000,000.00 72,250,000.00 2014 9000 126,000.00 1,134,000,000.00 81,000,000.00 Σ 36000 417,000.00 3,211,500,000.00 269,500,000.00 B2 = N ∑ (XY) - ∑ X . ∑Y N ∑ X2 - ∑ (X) 2 B2 = 5 (3.211500.000,00) - (36.000,00 x 417.000,00) 5 (269.500.000,00) - (36.000,00)2 B2 = 16,057,500,000.00 - 15,012,000,000.00 1,347,500,000.00 1,296,000,000.00 B2 = 1,045,500,000.00 51,500,000.00 B2 = 20.30 20.30097087 Y= ∑Y
  • 8. N Y= 417,000.00 5 Y= 83,400.00 X= ∑X N X= 36,000.00 5 X= 7,200.00 B1 = Y - B2. (X) B1 = 83,400.00 - 20.30 7,200.00 B1 = 83,400.00 - 146,166.99 B1 = -62,766.99 Ŷ= B1 ⁺ B2 X + μ Ŷ= -62,766.99 + 20.30097087 X +μ
  • 9. Proyección Ŷ= -62,766.99 + 20.30 X +μ Año X Y 2010 10,000.00 140,233.01 Ŷ año 2008 = -62,766.99 + 20.30 10,000.00 2011 10,500.00 150,383.01 2012 11,000.00 160,533.01 Ŷ año 2008 = -62,766.99 + 203,000.00 2013 11,500.00 170,683.01 Total 43,000.00 621,832.04 Ŷ año 2008 = 140,233.01 Ŷ año 2009 = -62,766.99 + 20.30 10,500.00 Ŷ año 2009 = -62,766.99 + 213,150.00 Ŷ año 2009 = 150,383.01 Ŷ año 2010 = -62,766.99 + 20.30 11,000.00 Ŷ año 2010 = -62,766.99 + 223,300.00 Ŷ año 2010 = 160,533.01
  • 10. Ŷ año 2011 = -62,766.99 + 20.30 11,500.00 Ŷ año 2011 = -62,766.99 + 233,450.00 Ŷ año 2011 = 170,683.01