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Lecture 25 Brucella
1. بسم ا الرحمن الرحيم
GENUS: BRUCELLA
Prof. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
2.
Aerobic, Gram-negative bacilli
Appear as cocci, coccobacilli and short
bacilli
Non-motile, non-capsulate
Optimum temp. >> 37oC
Facultative intracellular parasites
Essentially pathogens of goats, Cattle,
sheep and pigs
Causative
agents of Brucellosis
(typical zoonosis) worldwide
Also known as Malta, Mediterranean
or undulant fever
3. Important
species
B. melitensis >> goats & sheep
B. abortus
>> cattle
B. suis
>> pigs
Important:
All 3 species can
infect man and domestic animals
6. PATHOGENESIS
Incubation period: 10-30 days
Symptoms may be delayed for months
Enter the body through:
Skin abrasions, mucous membranes of the
alimentary or respiratory tracts and
sometimes the conjunctivae>> reach the
blood through regional lymphatics.
Symptoms may vary without the fluctuating
temperature to act as guide.
Bacteria localize in various parts of the
reticulo-endothelial system resulting in
complications in any part of the body.
Symptoms include: malaise, low-grade fever,
lassitude, insomnia, irritability and swelling
around the joints.
7. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
1. Blood Culture
Specimen
Blood (10 ml volumes)
Inoculate
Blood culture tubes or bottles
(glucose-serum broth)
Incubate in 10% CO2
Cultures should be retained for at
least 6-8 weeks before being
discarded as negative
9. 2. Serological Tests
Standard
agglutination test
Mercaptoethanol test
Complement fixation test
Coobs’ test
3. Brucellin Skin Test
10. TREATMENT AND CONTROL
Combination of streptomycin and
tetracycline or rifampicin and
doxycycline
Vaccination of young cattle (6-8
months)
Pasteurization of milk or milk
products
Eradication by compulsory testing
animals and slaughtering positive
reactors.