1. International efforts can reduce global inequalities through self-help programs in poorer countries that improve living standards, fair trade that pays fair prices to producers, and trading groups that reduce trade barriers to increase trade between member countries. 2. Fair trade pays producers in poorer areas a fair price and invests the extra money in local projects like schools and hospitals. Trading groups make it easier for poorer countries to trade but are difficult to join. 3. Reducing debt of poorer countries through cancellation or conservation swaps allows money to be used for development programs instead of debt payments.

1. How can international efforts REDUCE global inequalities?

2. What do YOU think?

3. To work! 1. SELF HELP – improving their own quality of life. How? Moving from rural-urban areas (water, food and jobs easier to get) Improving their homes Communities working together – building schools, etc. Example: Kibera projects….

4. Around 7million farmers in 58 poorer countries benefit from this symbol…. Watch the film about talking bananas to help understand this….

5. 2. Fair Trade Fair trade is all about paying producers of good in poorer parts of the world a FAIR PRICE. The extra money paid is invested in local schools, water projects, hospitals, etc. Producers who provide a good quality of life (safe, no discrimination) are only allowed to participate in this project. BUT: lots produced, world prices go down – all can suffer still…. Example:KuapaKokoo – Divine Chocolate / Café Paramo – Heathfield school

6. Task: Look at the table on page 263. Answer: Q1. a. Choose 4 crops from the table. Draw a line graph to show the increase in production from 1999 – 2007. use one line per crop, with each line a different colour. Plot years on x-axis and production on y-axis. b. Describe the trend shown in your graph. Is it the same for each crop? C. Do you and your family choose to buy Fairtrade products? Name a few. Why?

7. What’s the problem with TRADE?

8. 3. Trading Groups These are groups of countries that make agreements to REDUCE the barriers to trade – this INCREASES trade between member countries = more money if a poorer country joins. BUT- not easy for poorer countries to join. Hard to export good to countries that are part of a trading group. Slows down development in some cases. E.g. NAFTA – North American Free Trade Agreement between USA, Canada and Mexico.

9. FAIR TRADE and TRADING GROUPS = HELPS TO INCREASE THE MONEY MADE FROM TRADE

10. 4. The DEBT of poorer countries can be reduced. “Each year Africa sends more money to Western bankers in interest on its debts than it receives in foreign aid from these countries”

11. 1. DEBT ABOLITION This is when some or all of a countries debt is cancelled. The money can then be used to develop. Example: In 2005, Zambia had $4 million of debt cancelled. In 2006, Zambia had enough money to start a free healthcare scheme for millions of people in rural areas = improved quality of life. Organisations like “Drop the Debt”

12. 2. Conservation swops “Debt for nature swops” This is when parts of a countries debt is paid off in exchange for investment in CONSERVATION. E.g. In 2008, USA reduced Peru’s debt by $25million in exchange for Peru conserving (looking after / protecting) its rainforests.