Colibacillosis

1. ColibacillosisColibacillosis
Synonym :Synonym :
Calf scour ,Calf scour ,
White diarrhea ,White diarrhea ,
Septicaemia of calvesSepticaemia of calves

2. ColibacillosisColibacillosis
Colibacillosis is one of the important
diseases in new born
calves, piglets, lambs and foals
caused by E. coli and characterized
by marked prostration,
profuse diarrhea and
septicaemia.

3. EtiologyEtiology
Escherichia coli ( E.coli )
Gm – ve rod ,
non- sporulated ,
non-capsulated
Several serotypes – cause – septicemia &
enteritis

4. Predisposing factorsPredisposing factors
Improper feeding,
high content of fat in the diet,
deprivation of colostrum,
over crowding,
improper housing,
bad hygiene,
inclement weather,
over exposure,
exhaustion,
congenital weakness,
physical and nutritional stress

5. Effects on the hostEffects on the host
• E.coli is responsible to elicit three types of
effects in the host. They are:
• Enterotoxic effect – No invasion, enterotoxin action
• Enterotoxaemic effect – Toxin released in and
absorbed by intestine
and acts elsewhere.
• Septicaemic effect – Extra intestinal
localization of toxin.

6. ClassificationClassification
• E. coli are classified into four major groups on
the basis of their pathogenicity:
• Entero toxigenic E.coli
• Entero invasive E.coli
• Entero pathogenic E.coli
• Entero haemorrhagic E.coli

7. Virulent strainsVirulent strains
• In pigs, virulent strains of E.coli are K88+,
K99+ and
in calves K99+.
• Enterotoxins of E.coli are of two types i.e.
heat stable (ST) and heat labile (LT)

8. Susceptible HostsSusceptible Hosts
Incidence higher in dairy herds.
in intensive cattle raising areas
calves of 12 hours to 14 days of age.
Besides calves,
piglets, foals, lambs and kids.

9. Mode of transmissionMode of transmission
contaminated food and water.
discharges of aborted fetus,
vaginal discharge,
umbilical discharge,
and intra-uterine discharge
unwholesome milk with substitute,
infected feces of other animals,
contaminated beddings,
calf pails,
mastitis milk, etc.

10. PathogenesisPathogenesis
organisms enter the hosts through ingestion of
contaminated materials.
colonization - in the gut depends on the immune status of the
animal. The immunity is conferred by colostrum.
colostrum deprived calves are more prone to E.coli infection.
A newly born calf should drink at least 50ml/kg body weight of
colostrum within 12 hours of its birth.

11. PathogenicityPathogenicity
• The pathogenicity of the organism is expressed in three
effects:
1. Extra toxigenic effect
2. Entro – invasive effect
3. Septicaemic effect

12. Clinical findingsClinical findings
disease appears as acute, per-acute and chronic form.
Acute signs appear in animal : 1- 2 days old.
usual manifestations are depression,
in appetence,
stiffness,
sunburn eyes,
tucked up abdomen,
rough hair coat,
elevation of temperature,
rapid pulse and respiratory rate

13. Clinical findingsClinical findings
profuse loose feces with rapid peristalsis.
feces - yellowish brown to greyish white,
occasionally blood streaked
peculiar fetid odour - feces.
Dehydration leads to death.
chronic cases show joint ill, navel ill or
pneumonia.
• In per acute infection - marked diarrhea,
prostration and death within 12 hrs or so.

14. DiagnosisDiagnosis
1. History
2. Clinical findings
3. Isolation
and
identification
of the organisms

15. TreatmentTreatment
• 1.Diet – Food should be withheld for 24 hrs.
New born animals may be allowed to
suckle the mother.

16. TreatmentTreatment
2. Hydration therapy:-
(i) oral rehydration (ORS as per
WHO)
(ii) Parenteral rehydration

17. RehydrationRehydration
Dehydration Fluid Therapy
Severe dehydration
(8 – 12 %) of bw wt
100ml/kg body wt. i/v in
first
4 – 6
hrs followed by 140ml/kg
Moderate dehydration
(6 – 8%) of bw wt
50ml/kg body wt i/v in first
4 – 6 hrs followed
by
140ml/kg bw
over next 20hrs.

18. TreatmentTreatment
3.Chemotherapy:-
Cflox – Tz @ 1tab/ 15-25kg bw,orally
or,
Pabadine – @ 1-2 bol/50kg bw ,C/B/C
½ bol/50kg bw , S/G/P
followed by half the dose
Or,
Chloromphenicol @ 25 – 50mg/kg daily
for 5 – 6 days
Or,
Furazolidone @ 60mg/kg for 5 – 7 days or,
Ampicillin @ 7 – 10 mg/kg for 5 – 7
days orally or parentarally or,
Hoctacycline oral - 5g/5lit of water to be kept for drinking daily
Neocyclin ½ bolus bd , orally