This document outlines funding opportunities for energy research and innovation under the Horizon 2020 program. It discusses 14 specific calls related to competitive low-carbon energy, smart cities and communities, energy storage, sustainable biofuels, enabling decarbonization of fossil fuels, and modernizing the European electricity grid. Each call is described in 1-2 paragraphs covering its goals, challenges, funding amount, and technology readiness levels targeted.
4. 4 (13/01/2014)
• Programa de Trabajo Bienal (2014, 2015)
• Horizonte 2020 Energía = VII PM Energía + CIP IEE
+ TIC Energía + BEI RSFF Energía
• Basado en Retos – Soluciones a Problemas
• Aproximación transversal: inputs y colaboración
de otras “partes” de Horizonte 2020
• 4 Convocatorias:
• Energy Efficiency
• Competitive Low-Carbon Energy
• Smart Cities and Communities
• SMEs and Fast Track to Innovation for Energy
Energía segura, limpia y eficiente - WP
5. 5 (13/01/2014)
Legal base Strategic Programme Horizon Groups
Horizon 2020
Specific
Programme
Focus areas
•Health/care
•Food security
•Oceans
•Smart cities
•Low-carbon Energy
•Energy efficiency
•Mobility
•Waste
•Water
•Socio-economics
•Disaster resilience
•Digital security
• Health
• Food/Agriculture
• Energy
• Transport
• Climate/Materials
• Inclusive societies
• Security
• FET
• Infrastructures
• SMEs
• Enabling /
industrial
technologies
Work
program
Other areas
Proceso WP Horizonte 2020
6. 6 (13/01/2014)
• Convocatoria de Eficiencia Energética
• Edificios y Consumidores - PPP EeB
• Calor y Frío
• Industria y Productos - PPP SPIRE
• Financiar la Eficiencia Energética
• Ciudades y Comunidades Inteligentes – EIP SCC
• 'Light-house projects‘
• Medidas de apoyo para fomentar el despliegue de las
soluciones para Ciudades y Comunidades estimulando
la demanda del mercado.
Energía segura, limpia y eficiente - Estructura
7. 7 (13/01/2014)
• Competitive low-carbon energy (LCE)
– Incluye TODAS las Renovables (Electricidad & Calor y
Frio), Bioenergía, Redes, Almacenamiento y CCS, como
áreas importantes.
– También incluye los aspectos de FET, Aspectos
Socioeconómicos y el desarrollo de ERA en Energía
– Enfoque Bottom-up tecnológico radical y asociado a
indicadores
– Para cada «Área» se sigue una diferenciación por tipo de
actividad: TRL 3-5 - I+D TRL 6-8 Demo 8-9 Market Uptake
o Plantas FOAK.
Energía segura, limpia y eficiente - Estructura
8. 8 (13/01/2014)
Technology Readiness Levels (TRL)
TRL 0: Idea. Unproven concept, no testing has been performed.
TRL 1: Basic research. Principles postulated and observed but no experimental proof
available.
TRL 2: Technology formulation. Concept and application have been formulated.
TRL 3: Applied research. First laboratory tests completed; proof of concept.
TRL 4: Small scale prototype built in a laboratory environment ("ugly" prototype).
TRL 5: Large scale prototype tested in intended environment.
TRL 6: Prototype system tested in intended environment close to expected
performance.
TRL 7: Demonstration system operating in operational environment at pre-
commercial scale.
TRL 8: First of a kind commercial system. Manufacturing issues solved.
TRL 9: Full commercial application, technology available for consumers.
9. 9 (13/01/2014)
Ejemplo Energía:
• New knowledge and technologies (TRL 2 to TRL 3-4)
• Developing the next generation technologies of renewable
electricity and heating/cooling (TRL 3-4 to TRL 4-5)
• Demonstration of renewable electricity and
heating/cooling technologies (TRL 5-6 to TRL 6-7)
• First-of-a-kind, commercial-scale industrial demonstration
(TRL 8)
• Market uptake
9
Research &
Innovation
Energía segura, limpia y eficiente - TRLs
10. 10 (13/01/2014)
AREA TRL TYPE
LCE 1 New knowledge and technologies 2 > 3-4 RIA
Renewable electricity and heating/cooling
LCE 2 Developing the next generation technologies of
renewable electricity and heating/cooling
3-4 > 4-5 RIA
LCE 3 Demonstration of renewable electricity and
heating/cooling
5-6 > 6-7 IA
LCE 4 Market uptake of existing and emerging renewable
electricity, heating and cooling technologies
7-9 CSA
Call LCE - Topics
11. 11 (13/01/2014)
Características principales:
– Mejora de la eficiencia de las tecnologías y disminución
de costes.
– Eficiencia del recurso – impacto medioambiental
– Link con MRL (Manufacturing Readiness Level)- Cadenas de
producción y suministro de tecnologías renovables más
competitivos
– Gestionabilidad de las renovables con la RED – Mejor
integración en el sistema energético.
Renewable electricity and heating/ Cooling
12. 12 (13/01/2014)
Challenge
•To bring more efficient and cost-competitive energy conversion
technologies out of the lab
Impact
•To provide impetus to new technology pathways
•To provide better scientific evidence to frame new strategic choices
Grant Requested: 2 to 4 million Euros
Deadline:01/04/2014 (stage 1)
23/09/2014 (stage 2)
LCE-01 – 2014- New knowledge and
technologies (Two stage evaluation)
13. 13 (13/01/2014)
LCE-02 – 2014 – Developing the next generation
technologies of renewable electricity and
heating/cooling (Two stage evaluation)
• PV: Developing next generation high performance PV cells and
modules
• CSP: Making CSP plants more cost competitive
• Wind: Develop control strategies and innovative substructure
concepts
• Ocean:Develop emerging designs and components
• Hydropower:Boosting peak power through sustainable
hydropower
• Deep Geothermal: Development of new drilling technologies and
concepts for geothermal energy
• Renewable Heating & Cooling:
- Solar cooling systems
- Improving efficiency of biomass CHP systems while widening the feedstock
base
14. 14 (13/01/2014)
LCE-02 – 2015 – Developing the next generation
technologies of renewable electricity and
heating/cooling (Two stage evaluation)
• PV: Developing very low-cost PV cells and modules
• CSP: Improving the environmental profile of the CSP technology
• Wind: Substantially reduce the costs of wind energy
• Ocean:Ensure efficiency and effective long term cost reduction
and high levels of reliability and survivability
• Hydropower:Increasing flexibility of hydropower
• Deep Geothermal: Development of new technologies and
concepts for geothermal energy
• Renewable Heating & Cooling:
- Solar heating for industrial processes
- Improving efficiency of low emission biomass CHP
systems while widening the feedstock base [focus on boilers]
15. 15 (13/01/2014)
LCE-03 – 2014 – Demonstration of renewable
electricity and heating/cooling
• PV: Accelerating the development of the EU Inorganic Thin-Film
(TF) industry
• CSP: Improving the flexibility and predictability of CSP
generation
• Wind: Demonstrating and testing of new nacelle and rotor
prototypes
• Ocean:Demonstration of ocean energy technologies
• Renewable Heating & Cooling:
- Shallow geothermal energy: Improved vertical borehole
drilling technologies to enhance safety and reduce costs
16. 16 (13/01/2014)
LCE-03 – 2015 – Demonstration of renewable
electricity and heating/cooling
• PV: PV integrated in the built environment
• Wind: Demonstrating innovative substructure and floating
concepts
• Ocean:Demonstration of ocean energy technologies
• Deep Geothermal: Testing of enhanced geothermal systems in
different geological environments
• Renewable Heating & Cooling:
- Demonstration of solar technologies for residential and non-
residential buildings
17. 17 (13/01/2014)
LCE-04 – 2014 & 2015 - Market uptake of existing and
emerging renewable electricity, heating and cooling
technologies
Ensuring the level of growth needed to deliver the EU targets for
renewable energy, and creating the appropriate business environment
for EU industrial leadership
The challenges are
• Ensuring sustained public acceptance
• Ensuring speedy and user friendly permitting procedures
• Implementing renewable energy policies, codes and legislations … in
a coordinated manner using best practice
• Capacity building and contributing to the further development of
renewable energy policy, legislation and regulation
• Capacity building and facilitating the deployment of improved
business models and innovative financing schemes for mobilising
investments
18. 18 (13/01/2014)
AREA TRL TYPE
Modernising the European electricity grid
LCE 5 Innovation and technologies for the deployment of
meshed offshore grids
6-7 > 8 IA
LCE 6 Transmission grid and wholesale market IA, RIA
LCE 7 Distribution grid and retail market IA, CSA
Energy storage technologies
LCE 8 Local/small scale storage 5 > 6 IA
LCE 9 Large scale storage 5 > 6-7 IA
LCE 10 Next generation technologies for energy storage 2 > 5 RIA
Call LCE - Topics
19. 19 (13/01/2014)
Meshed off-shore grids linking several off- shore wind parks with
on-shore grids in different countries and with other available
generation resources are urgently required to provide additional
flexibility, efficiency, security and market access to off-shore wind
resources.
LCE-05 – 2015- Innovation and technologies for
the deployment of meshed offshore grids
LCE-06 – 2015- Transmission grid and
wholesale market
The integration of renewable energy and emergence of new
services and uses of electricity will require major upgrades and
reinforcements of the pan-European power system.
• 3 priorities for Innovation Actions
• Particular priority elements for Research & Innovation
Actions
Modernising the European electricity grid
20. 20 (13/01/2014)
LCE-07 – 2014- Distribution grid and retail
market
Smart grids and smart metering require the support from an ICT
infrastructure with stringent requirements on e.g. availability and
low latency.
1. IA: Development of ICT tools and services for smart grids (3 to 4
projects of about 2.5 to 3 M€)
2. IA: Demonstrate innovative demand response in the real grid.
(3 to 4 projects of about 9 to 12 M€)
3. IA: Cheap smart meters (< 100 €). (3 to 5 projects of about 2.5 to
3 M€)
4. CSA: Support from an appropriate ICT infrastructure. (1 project:
about 1 M€)
Budget for 2 = 38 M€; for 1 + 3 + 4 = 22 M€
21. 21 (13/01/2014)
Need to progress energy storage and reduce the barriers associated
with new storage concepts integrated into the distribution grid and
at building/house level. Including interaction between the
electricity grid and other energy uses such as the district
heating/cooling network, CHP, micro-generation, local renewables
and to include the most advanced ICT for optimising the whole
system.
Innovations actions- deadline: 5/7/2014
8-12M€ por proyecto
TRL from 5-6 to higher
LCE-08 – 2014- Local/small scale storage
Energy storage technologies
22. 22 (13/01/2014)
• Need for large scale energy storage to balance the production
and consumption of high quantities of electricity and during
longer time periods. Demonstration activities in this topic will
aim to progress large scale energy storage and reduce the
barriers associated with new storage concepts.
• Important market uptake challenge is to reduce the barriers
(technological, economic, regulatory, environmental, social and
other acceptance, etc.) associated with the deployment of
existing or new storage concepts.
Innovation actions- deadline: 3/3/2015
20-25 M€ por proyecto. 2 proyectos a financiar
LCE-09 – 2015- Large scale storage
23. 23 (13/01/2014)
• Need to develop new or improved storage technologies with
higher performance, availability, durability, performance, safety
and lower costs.
• Energy storage has to progress in the innovation chain so that
the barriers associated with new storage concepts are reduced.
This would include adaptation of new materials and
developments for improved safety.
Research and Innovation Action. Deadline: 7/5/2014
From TRL 2 to 5. 6-9M.€ por proyecto
* cover storage technologies of all sizes relevant to energy
applications and all types of locations.
LCE-10 – 2014- Next generation
technologies for energy storage
24. 24 (13/01/2014)
AREA TRL TYPE
Sustainable biofuels and alternative fuels for transport
LCE 11 Developing next generation technologies for
biofuels and sustainable alternative fuels
3-4 > 4-5 RIA
LCE 12 Demonstrating advanced biofuel technologies 5-6 > 6-7 IA
LCE 13 Partnering with Brazil on advanced biofuels 4-6 > 5-7 IA
LCE 14 Market uptake of existing and emerging
sustainable bioenergy
7-9 CSA
Call LCE - Topics
25. 25 (13/01/2014)
LCE-11 – 2014 & 2015 – Developing next
generation technologies for biofuels and
sustainable alternative fuels (Two stage
evaluation)
Europe has limited biomass and land resources to cope with an increased
demand for fuels and other uses. Thus, in the long-term perspective, new
technologies of sustainable biofuels and alternative fuels need to be
developed that radically improve the state-of-art.
The challenges are
• Improving conversion efficiency and/or enlargement of the biomass
feedstock basis.
• Developing alternative fuels through use of new and sustainable
resources from non-biomass non-fossil sources
26. 26 (13/01/2014)
LCE-12 – 2014 & 2015 - Demonstrating advanced
biofuel technologies
New and advanced biofuels using sustainable feedstock need to
reach the market
The challenges are
• Proving that advanced biofuels and bioenergy carriers
technologies, are technically viable, environmentally and socially
sustainable, and potentially cost-competitive at commercial scale.
• Developing logistic systems for a sound, safe and sustainable
feedstock supply.
27. 27 (13/01/2014)
LCE-13 – 2015 – Partnering with Brazil on
advanced biofuels
Fostering the development of advanced biofuels and
accelerate their commercialisation both in Brazil and in Europe
The challenges are
• Exploiting synergies between Brazil and Europe in terms of
scientific expertise, industrial capacity and resources.
• Proving that the integration of advanced biofuels
technologies into existing sugarcane ethanol plants is
technically feasible, cost competitive and environmentally and
socio-economically sustainable at commercial scale. Joint work
should build upon the Brazilian sugarcane ethanol model, and
benefit from the Brazilian and European experience in biofuels.
• Developing or improving logistic systems for a sound and
sustainable feedstock supply
28. 28 (13/01/2014)
LCE-14 – 2014 & 2015 - Market uptake of
existing and emerging sustainable bioenergy
Sustainable bioenergy technologies (both existing and
emerging) need to further penetrate the market.
The challenges are
• Encouraging the EU farmers and foresters to produce
also energy and energy intermediaries
• Setting up or strengthening sustainable local bioenergy
supply chains
• Development of methodologies for the traceability of
biomass feedstocks
• …
29. 29 (13/01/2014)
AREA TRL TYPE
Enabling the decarbonisation of the use of fossil fuels
LCE 15 Enabling decarbonisation of the fossil fuel-based power
sector and energy intensive industry through CCS
4-5 > 6 RIA
LCE 16 Understanding, preventing and mitigating the potential
environmental impacts and risks of shale gas
exploration and extraction
RIA
LCE 17 Highly flexible and efficient fossil fuel power plants 3 > 4-6 RIA
Supporting the development of a European Research Area in the field of Energy
LCE 18 Supporting Joint Actions on demonstration and
validation of innovative energy solutions
5-6 > 6-7 ERA-NET
LCE 19 Supporting coordination of national R&D activities 3 > 5 CSA
30. 30 (13/01/2014)
LCE-15 – 2014 & 2015 – Enabling decarbonisation
of the fossil fuel-based power sector and energy
intensive industry through CCS (Two stage
evaluation)
The application of CCS to industrial sectors other than
power (e.g. steel, cement, lime, chemical industry,
refining) is expected to deliver half of the global
emissions reduction from CCS by 2050
The challenges are
• Geological storage
• Application of CCS to industrial sectors other than
power, including bio-CCS
31. 31 (13/01/2014)
LCE-16 – 2014 – Understanding, preventing and
mitigating the potential environmental impacts
and risks of shale gas exploration and extraction
(Two stage evaluation)
The challenges are
Addressing the associated environmental concerns,
in particular through a better understanding and
monitoring of the fracturing process and its
environmental effects (including in the long term),
treatment and recycling of flow-back and produced
water, and mitigation of induced seismicity and
emissions to air (including greenhouse gases).
32. 32 (13/01/2014)
LCE-17 – 2015 – Highly flexible and efficient
fossil fuel power plants (Two stage
evaluation)
With this growing share of renewable power, fossil
fuel power plants will have to increasingly shift
their role from providing base-load power to
providing fluctuating back-up power
The challenge is
Operational flexibility for fossil fuel power (and
CHP) plants
33. 33 (13/01/2014)
LCE-18 – 2014 & 2015 - Supporting Joint Actions on
demonstration and validation of innovative energy
solutions (ERA-NET)
The challenges are
Coordinating the research efforts of the participating Member States,
Associated States and Regions in the areas and challenges targeted in
this 'Competitive low-carbon energy' call or in the ‘Smart Cities and
Communities’ call and to implement a joint transnational call for
proposals
LCE-19 – 2014 - Supporting coordination of national R&D
activities (CSA)
The challenges are
Achieving greater impact from scarce public and private resources
through synchronisation of funding processes by fostering cross-border
cooperation among partners supported by national projects and
programmes.
34. 34 (13/01/2014)
AREA TYPE
Social, environmental and economic aspects of the energy system
LCE 20 The human factor in the energy system RIA, CSA
LCE 21 Modelling and analysing the energy system, its
transformation and impacts
RIA
Cross-cutting issues
LCE 22 Fostering the network of National Contact Points CSA
35. 35 (13/01/2014)
LCE-20 – 2014 - The human factor in the energy
system
The challenges are
Foster European cooperation in this area by building European
networks, both in the university based education sector and in
the vocational education and training sector, establishing close
links to business and research.
LCE-21 – 2015 - Modelling and analysing the energy
system, its transformation and impacts
The challenges are
To provide model based decision support tools for the different
actors in the energy system in order to facilitate handling the
complex system
LCE-22 – 2014 - Fostering the network of
National Contact Points
40. 40 (13/01/2014)
TOPIC DEADLINE
SCC 1 – 2014/2015: Smart Cities and Communities solutions
integrating energy, transport, ICT sectors through lighthouse (large
scale demonstration - first of the kind) projects
07/05/2014 03/03/2015
SCC 2 – 2014: Developing a framework for common, transparent
data collection and performance measurement to allow
comparability and replication between solutions and best-practice
identification
07/05/2014
SCC 3 – 2015: Development of system standards for smart cities
and communities solutions
03/03/2015
SCC 4 – 2014: Establishing networks of public procurers in local
administrations on smart city solutions
07/05/2014
SCC 5 – 2015: Smart solutions for creating better cities and
communities – assistance for a prize competition
03/03/2015
Summary Call SCC 2014 -2015
41. 41 (13/01/2014)
TOPIC 2014 2015
SCC 1 – 2014/2015: Smart Cities and Communities solutions integrating
energy, transport, ICT sectors through lighthouse (large scale
demonstration - first of the kind) projects
90,32 M€ 101,18 M€
SCC 2 – 2014: Developing a framework for common, transparent data
collection and performance measurement to allow comparability and
replication between solutions and best-practice identification
1 M€
SCC 3 – 2015: Development of system standards for smart cities and
communities solutions
1 M€
SCC 4 – 2014: Establishing networks of public procurers in local
administrations on smart city solutions
1 M€
SCC 5 – 2015: Smart solutions for creating better cities and communities
– assistance for a prize competition
1 M€
Summary Call SCC 2014 -2015
43. 43 (13/01/2014)
SCC1-2014/2015:Smart cities and Communities solutions
integrating energy, transport, ICT sectors through lighthouse
(large scale demonstration-first of the kind ) projets
Address the following main areas:
1. INDUSTRY + CITY/CONSUMER organizations, from at least 2-3 cities and
communities.
2. 2-3 follower cities – contribute to the process through the replication of solutions
at the end of the project. The replication plans are compulsory and are part of
the evaluation.
3. The cities must improve their energy performance or the share of use of
renewables and H&C
4. Activities shall be part of ambitious urban planning.
5. Demonstrate attractive business plans based on already existing city planning.
6. To ensure the required funding from other sources, preferably privates ones, and
public.
7. Interoperability of solutions, open and consistent data, common data collection
Nearly Zero or
low energy
districts
Integrated
infrastructures
Sustainable
urban mobility
45. 45 (13/01/2014)
EIP Smart Cities
On 10 July 2012, the European Commission launched the Smart Cities and
Communities European Innovation Partnership
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/technology/initiatives/smart_cities_en.htm
46. 46 (13/01/2014)
FACILITATING SCALING UP & MULTIPLYING
BRIDGING
GAPS
&
SPEEDING
UP
INNOVATION
PROCESS
IMPROVING FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS
JOINING UP
RESOURCES
&
EXPERTISE
Education,
training New
business
models
Labelling
What the EIP IS NOT:
• a new funding instrument
• a new R&D programme
Public procurement
Standardisationand
replication
But.. What is an EIP?
47. 47 (13/01/2014)
EIP Smart Cities
Transport, Energy and ICT
services and value chains are now
converging.
industry tests
technology in a given
city/community
Need to be
validated under
real conditions of a
city.
EU funding will be concentrated
on a limited number of
demonstration projects with high
impact.
Industry-led consortia
operating in the three
sectors: energy, ICT
and transport.
Market-oriented and can
be replicated in different
cities.
48. 48 (13/01/2014)
EIP Smart Cities
• Under the next MFF "Smart Cities & Communities" will become an
important part of Horizon 2020.
• Starting from 2014, a High Level Group will formulate a technological
agenda with the most important aspects/issues to be addressed.
• Based on this agenda, the European Commission will make calls for
proposals. Industry-consortia can apply, submitting their project ideas.
• Integrate aspects:
• Smart buildings and neighborhood projects.
• Smart supply and demand service projects.
• Urban mobility projects.
• Smart and sustainable digital infrastructures.
http://ec.europa.eu/eip/smartcities/files/sip_final_en.pdf
http://ec.europa.eu/eip/smartcities/links/index_en.htm
50. 50 (13/01/2014)
Comentarios:
• Actividades en continuidad con VII PM (Incremento €)
• Clara relevancia del SET Plan:
• EIIs podrían convertirse en PPPs
• EERA podría pasar a articulo 185
• Paneles de SET Plan (SG, Sherpa, EII Team) definen estrategia.
• Integración de CIP-IEE centrado en comportamientos, percepción pública y
solventar barreras no tecnológicas para despliegue de mercado.
• Importancia de proyectos demostración y despliegue comercial
• Se incluye en este reto las aplicaciones TIC para energía (7 PM ICT, parte
del reto 6) así como los pilotos y demostradores correspondientes (CIP-
ICT).
Objetivo: hacer la transición hacia un sistema energético fiable,
sostenible y competitivo, en un contexto de creciente escasez de
recursos, aumento de las necesidades de energía y cambio
climático
Energía segura, limpia y eficiente
51. 51 (13/01/2014)
A POLICY FOR ENERGY
European Energy Programme for Recovery
Energy Security and Solidarity Action Plan
An Energy Policy for Europe
Green Paper: A European strategy for sustainable,
competitive and secure energy
Factors contributing to the development of energy
policy
“Green” vehicles: a European strategy
Reducing greenhouse gases by 2020
ICTs to facilitate the transition to an energy-efficient, low-
carbon economy
Strategy on climate change: the way ahead for 2020 and
beyond
Strategy for sustainable development
Integrating the environment into Community energy policy
European Energy and Transport Forum
Information regarding investment projects
MARKET-BASED INSTRUMENTS
Market-based instruments for the environment
Greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme
Community framework for the taxation of energy
products and electricity
RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
SET-Plan for the development of low carbon
technologies
Sustainable power generation from fossil fuels
Demonstration of the capture and storage of CO
Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)
Towards a European Strategic Energy Technology
Plan
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Competitiveness and Innovation Framework
Programme (CIP) (2007-2013)
Seventh Framework Programme (2007 to 2013)
Policies
52. 52 (13/01/2014)
SET Plan & VII PM
The SET-Plan is thus the technology pillar of the EU Energy and Climate policy. It sets
out a long-term energy research, demonstration and innovation agenda for Europe,
including concrete strategic milestones to be achieved in the coming years.
54. 54 (13/01/2014)
Communication from the Commission:
“Energy Technologies and Innovation”
Published on 2nd May 2013
54
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/technology/strategy/strategy_en.htm
55. 55 (13/01/2014)
Añadir valor a escala de la UE
Fijar prioridades – integración de
tecnologías energéticas para
conseguir un mayor impacto en el
sistema energético global- versus-
desarrollo de tecnologías
Integrar acciones en la cadena de
valor de la innovación energética
Puesta en común de recursos y el uso
de una cartera de instrumentos
financieros
Centrar la atención en tecnologías
prometedoras más allá del 2020.
Principios Generales
56. 56 (13/01/2014)
Personas de Contacto:
Luisa Revilla (NCP CDTI): luisa.revilla@cdti.es
Virginia Vivanco (NCP IDAE): vvivanco@idae.es
Cristina Quintana (NCP CIEMAT): cristina.quintana@ciemat.es