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Drug Policy




   Decriminalization

       Medical

     Legalization
District Attorney Seth Williams
                  “We have to be smart
                    on crime. We can't
                    declare a war on
                    drugs by going after
                    the kid who's smoking
                    a joint on 55th Street.
                    We have to go after
                    the large traffickers.”


                  $200, $300 dollar fines
                    for less than 30 grams
                    of marijuana, no
DA Williams' Comment Sparked
        Advocates Imaginations
                                                     We are not decriminalizing
                                                       marijuana -- any effort like that
                                                       would be one for the legislature
                                                       to undertake. The penalty
                                                       available for these minimal
                                                       amount offenses remains exactly
                                                       the same. What we are doing is
                                                       properly dealing with cases
                                                       involving minimal amounts of
                                                       marijuana in the most efficient
                                                       and cost effective process
                                                       possible.
Those arrested for these offenses will still be restrained, identified and processed by police in police
custody. They will still have to answer to the charges, but they will be doing so in a speedier and
more efficient process. We want to use valuable court resources in the best way possible and we
believe that means giving minor drug offenders the option of getting into diversionary programs,
get drug education or enter drug treatment centers. Again we are NOT decriminalizing marijuana,
and the penalty for these offenses remains the same."
Decriminalization


To reduce or abolish criminal penalties for an act
       that was previously deemed illegal

  Most commonly it replaces a misdemeanor
      charge (i.e. w/ criminal record and court
 proceedings) with disorderly conduct (a minimal
    fine. $100 in massachusetts, for example)
National
Regulated Markets?




Gonzales v. Raich (previously Ashcroft v. Raich), 545 U.S. 1 (2005), was
    a case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled on June 6,
        2005 that under the Commerce Clause of the United States
    Constitution, which allows the United States Congress "To regulate
   Commerce... among the several States," Congress may ban the use
  of cannabis even where states approve its use for medicinal purposes.
The government Medical Marijuana
  contends that
    consuming
   one's locally
        grown
  marijuana for
      medical
     purposes
    affects the
     interstate
     market of
    marijuana,
    and hence
      that the
       federal
   government
  may regulate
  —and prohibit
       —such
  consumption.
The Interstate Commerce Clause
   The government contended that consuming one's locally grown
     marijuana for medical purposes affects the interstate market of
     marijuana, and hence that the federal government may regulate—
     and prohibit—such consumption.


Obama opposes
 federal government
 intervention if state
 law allows medical
 consumption;
DEA raids in Colorado
 and California have
 still occurred
“I think consumption is down. But that's only one of the
measures as to whether or not we're getting a handle on
the drug problem.”


                   Eric Holder
“It will not be a priority to use federal resources to
prosecute patients with serious illnesses or their caregivers
who are complying with state laws on medical marijuana,
but we will not tolerate drug traffickers who hide behind
claims of compliance with state law to mask activities that
are clearly illegal."




                              "The answer is, no, I don't think
                                that is a good strategy to grow
                                our economy." -Barack Obama
Cocaine
$17,000–$28,000/kilogram              Cost of Drugs
$70–$125/gram.

Crack cocaine
$800–$1,600/ounce
$70/gram

Heroin
$95,000–$105,000/kilogram
$65–$300/gram

Marijuana
$800–$2,500/pound
$25/one-eighth ounce

Methamphetamine
$8,000–$20,000/kilogram
$42–$175/gram

Source:http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/statelocal/pa/paphiladelphia.pdf
When there's a demand...
 The study estimates that marijuana
 production, at a value of $35.8 billion,
  exceeds the combined value of corn
($23.3 billion) and wheat ($7.5 billion)   .
State
Locke's State of War
                           It's always difficult to pinpoint specific
To protect property             factors that carry the lion's share of the
 rights, people sign            blame for gun violence in Philadelphia,
                                but a few generally seem to rise to the
 social contracts with          top. These include open-air, illicit drug
                                markets, alcohol outlets, and availability
 governments to                 of illegal firearms. Illegal drugs likely
                                relate to violence brought about by
 provide an impartial           trafficking and, to some degree, actual
 judge in adjudicating          usage of illegal drugs. Illegal guns and
                              the way these guns get into criminal
 the affairs. They enter      hands is also likely important.
 this contract to          -Charles Branas, PhD, PhD, Assistant
 prevent having to            Professor of Epidemiology and Senior
                              Scholar in the CCEB and Lead
 enter the state of war       Epidemiologist in the Firearm and Injury
                              Center at Penn (FICAP)
 to protect one's
 possessions.
John Locke's Right To Property
“If the innocent honest man
    must quietly quit all he has,
                                    “He that so employed
    for peace sake, to him who        his pains about any
    will lay violent hands upon       of the spontaneous
    it, I desire it may be            products of
    considered, what a kind of        nature...by placing
    peace there will be in the
    world, which consists only        any of his labor on
    in violence and rapine; and       them did thereby
    which is to be maintained         acquire a propriety
    only for the benefit of           in them.”
    robbers and oppressors.”
Statement from ONDCP Director R. Gil Kerlikowske
   Why Marijuana Legalization Would Compromise Public
                 Health and Public Safety

“You all know the impacts of marijuana in
   this state– from the proliferation of
   marijuana being grown on public lands
   and indoor grows, to the negative effects
   of marijuana use among youth, the
   increasing influence of violent gangs on
   the marijuana trade, and the problems
   associated with medical marijuana
   dispensaries.”
“Controls and prohibitions help to keep
   prices higher, and higher prices help
   keep use rates relatively low.”
“In the United States, illegal drugs already
    cost $180 billion a year in health care,
    lost productivity, crime, and other
    expenditures.”
Health, Work, and Your Rights
"Law enforcement will never solve
this problem. We will never arrest our
way out of this problem”- Police
Commissioner Sylvester Johnson




       "We're not going to stop locking
        people up" -Lt. Frank Vanore
Incarceration
Executive Office of the
 President, Office of
 National Drug Control
 Policy     Incarceration of
  offenders for drug- related crimes is
  the largest cost component of drug
  abuse at $39 billion in 2002, or
  about 21.7 percent of total costs.
  These costs rose from $17.9 billion in
  1992 to $30 billion in 2002. Costs
  increased by 8.1 percent annually
  between 1992 and 2002 due in almost
  equal measures to increases in the
  number     of    incarcerated     drug
  offenders and wage increases.
Operation Safe Streets

       Operation Safe Streets
   Developed in May 2002, the
purpose of this Mayoral initiative is
     to build coalitions to end the
   violence, disorder and human
tragedies associated with the sale
of illegal drugs and drug addiction.
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Drug Demand
Treatment
Reducing Teen Use?
"Prohibition goes beyond
  the bounds of reason in
 that it attempts to control
     a man's appetite by
  legislation and makes a
   crime out of things that
       are not crimes. A
  prohibition law strikes a
        blow at the very
    principles upon which
    our government was
           founded."

   -Abraham Lincoln

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Legalize it

  • 1. Drug Policy Decriminalization Medical Legalization
  • 2. District Attorney Seth Williams “We have to be smart on crime. We can't declare a war on drugs by going after the kid who's smoking a joint on 55th Street. We have to go after the large traffickers.” $200, $300 dollar fines for less than 30 grams of marijuana, no
  • 3. DA Williams' Comment Sparked Advocates Imaginations We are not decriminalizing marijuana -- any effort like that would be one for the legislature to undertake. The penalty available for these minimal amount offenses remains exactly the same. What we are doing is properly dealing with cases involving minimal amounts of marijuana in the most efficient and cost effective process possible. Those arrested for these offenses will still be restrained, identified and processed by police in police custody. They will still have to answer to the charges, but they will be doing so in a speedier and more efficient process. We want to use valuable court resources in the best way possible and we believe that means giving minor drug offenders the option of getting into diversionary programs, get drug education or enter drug treatment centers. Again we are NOT decriminalizing marijuana, and the penalty for these offenses remains the same."
  • 4. Decriminalization To reduce or abolish criminal penalties for an act that was previously deemed illegal Most commonly it replaces a misdemeanor charge (i.e. w/ criminal record and court proceedings) with disorderly conduct (a minimal fine. $100 in massachusetts, for example)
  • 6. Regulated Markets? Gonzales v. Raich (previously Ashcroft v. Raich), 545 U.S. 1 (2005), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled on June 6, 2005 that under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, which allows the United States Congress "To regulate Commerce... among the several States," Congress may ban the use of cannabis even where states approve its use for medicinal purposes.
  • 7. The government Medical Marijuana contends that consuming one's locally grown marijuana for medical purposes affects the interstate market of marijuana, and hence that the federal government may regulate —and prohibit —such consumption.
  • 8. The Interstate Commerce Clause The government contended that consuming one's locally grown marijuana for medical purposes affects the interstate market of marijuana, and hence that the federal government may regulate— and prohibit—such consumption. Obama opposes federal government intervention if state law allows medical consumption; DEA raids in Colorado and California have still occurred
  • 9. “I think consumption is down. But that's only one of the measures as to whether or not we're getting a handle on the drug problem.” Eric Holder “It will not be a priority to use federal resources to prosecute patients with serious illnesses or their caregivers who are complying with state laws on medical marijuana, but we will not tolerate drug traffickers who hide behind claims of compliance with state law to mask activities that are clearly illegal." "The answer is, no, I don't think that is a good strategy to grow our economy." -Barack Obama
  • 10. Cocaine $17,000–$28,000/kilogram Cost of Drugs $70–$125/gram. Crack cocaine $800–$1,600/ounce $70/gram Heroin $95,000–$105,000/kilogram $65–$300/gram Marijuana $800–$2,500/pound $25/one-eighth ounce Methamphetamine $8,000–$20,000/kilogram $42–$175/gram Source:http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/statelocal/pa/paphiladelphia.pdf
  • 11. When there's a demand... The study estimates that marijuana production, at a value of $35.8 billion, exceeds the combined value of corn ($23.3 billion) and wheat ($7.5 billion) .
  • 12. State
  • 13.
  • 14. Locke's State of War It's always difficult to pinpoint specific To protect property factors that carry the lion's share of the rights, people sign blame for gun violence in Philadelphia, but a few generally seem to rise to the social contracts with top. These include open-air, illicit drug markets, alcohol outlets, and availability governments to of illegal firearms. Illegal drugs likely relate to violence brought about by provide an impartial trafficking and, to some degree, actual judge in adjudicating usage of illegal drugs. Illegal guns and the way these guns get into criminal the affairs. They enter hands is also likely important. this contract to -Charles Branas, PhD, PhD, Assistant prevent having to Professor of Epidemiology and Senior Scholar in the CCEB and Lead enter the state of war Epidemiologist in the Firearm and Injury Center at Penn (FICAP) to protect one's possessions.
  • 15. John Locke's Right To Property “If the innocent honest man must quietly quit all he has, “He that so employed for peace sake, to him who his pains about any will lay violent hands upon of the spontaneous it, I desire it may be products of considered, what a kind of nature...by placing peace there will be in the world, which consists only any of his labor on in violence and rapine; and them did thereby which is to be maintained acquire a propriety only for the benefit of in them.” robbers and oppressors.”
  • 16. Statement from ONDCP Director R. Gil Kerlikowske Why Marijuana Legalization Would Compromise Public Health and Public Safety “You all know the impacts of marijuana in this state– from the proliferation of marijuana being grown on public lands and indoor grows, to the negative effects of marijuana use among youth, the increasing influence of violent gangs on the marijuana trade, and the problems associated with medical marijuana dispensaries.” “Controls and prohibitions help to keep prices higher, and higher prices help keep use rates relatively low.” “In the United States, illegal drugs already cost $180 billion a year in health care, lost productivity, crime, and other expenditures.”
  • 17. Health, Work, and Your Rights
  • 18. "Law enforcement will never solve this problem. We will never arrest our way out of this problem”- Police Commissioner Sylvester Johnson "We're not going to stop locking people up" -Lt. Frank Vanore
  • 19. Incarceration Executive Office of the President, Office of National Drug Control Policy Incarceration of offenders for drug- related crimes is the largest cost component of drug abuse at $39 billion in 2002, or about 21.7 percent of total costs. These costs rose from $17.9 billion in 1992 to $30 billion in 2002. Costs increased by 8.1 percent annually between 1992 and 2002 due in almost equal measures to increases in the number of incarcerated drug offenders and wage increases.
  • 20. Operation Safe Streets Operation Safe Streets Developed in May 2002, the purpose of this Mayoral initiative is to build coalitions to end the violence, disorder and human tragedies associated with the sale of illegal drugs and drug addiction.
  • 21. 1998
  • 22. 1999
  • 23. 2000
  • 24. 2001
  • 25. 2002
  • 26. 2003
  • 27. 2004
  • 28. 2005
  • 29. 2006
  • 33. "Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to control a man's appetite by legislation and makes a crime out of things that are not crimes. A prohibition law strikes a blow at the very principles upon which our government was founded." -Abraham Lincoln