Ceramics for dental use

1. ICB
Dental School
classification of ceramics for dental use
Dra. Analy Solano Zaragoza
Dr. Alfredo Nevárez Rascón

2. Ceramics
 Formed from inorganic nature
nonmetals, which are obtained
by the action of heat and whose
final structure is partially or
completely crystalline. FIG 1:
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=
feldespato
Main components:
• Feldspar (81%)
• Quartz (15%)
• kaolin (4%) FIG 2:
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=cuarzo
•Metal oxides
FIG 3:
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=caolin

3. Feldspar
 When broken glass, is responsible for the
translucency of porcelain.
 Serve as a matrix of quartz
 Melts at 1300 C
 Tends to react with heat, spent time
distorting the piece turn white and shade.
FIG 4: http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=feldespato

4. The quartz
Constitutes
the crystalline
face
Hardening of
the mass
Is used as filler

5. The kaolin
 Increases the ability of the porcelain mold
before baking
 Reacts with the feldspar and gives rigidity
 Facilitates mixing with water while
maintaining the form during drying and
firing.
FIG 5: Mat Caolin
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=caolin

6. Metal oxides
 Copper: green
 Cobalt: blue
 Titanium: yellow-brown
 Magnesium lavender blue
 Zirconium, titanium and tin:
opacacidad
 Iron oxide: brown

7. Majority of dental
ceramics:
 Have a mixed
structure.
 Formed by a glassy
matrix (whose atoms
are disordered).
 Massive particles are
more or less large
crystallized minerals
(whose atoms are
arranged uniformly
if).
FIG 6
http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/rcoe/v12n4/revision1.pdf

8. Classification by chemical
composition.
Feldspathic ceramics:
composition.
 feldspar: translucency
 Quartz: Crystalline
 The kaolin: confer plasticity
and facilitates the
management of the ceramic
when not yet sintered.
FEATURES:
 Excellent optical properties
 Relative fragile.
FIG 7 :
 Mainly used for coating metal http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=ceramicas+f
or ceramic structures. eldespaticas

9. PROPERTIES OF feldspathic
 Greater resistance.
 Contain the quartz and kaolin
 Ceramic mass incorporated elements that
increase the mechanical strength

10. Zirconia Ceramics
 In1965, Hughes joined M
cLean
and feldspathic porcelain
quantities of aluminum
oxide by reducing the
proportion of quartz.
 Improved toughness.
 Exceeds 50% alumina is
produced a significant
increase in opacity

11.  Composed of highly sintered zirconia (95%), partially
stabilized with yttrium oxide (5%).
 High toughness by the crystalline microstructure
 Opaque (no glassy phase)
 Main structure for the core of the restoration.
FIG 8: Diferencie
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=ceramicas+zirconi
o

12. vitro ceramic
 Molded to desired
shape.
 Translucent glassy a
esthetic.
 Fragile.
 Manufacture
in glassy state, non-
FIG 9: crystalline and is
subsequently
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=vitroceramicas
converted to the
crystalline
state by heat
treatment.

13. Classification according to
the preparation technique
Refractory dye and Condensation
Design model of primary impression resistant,
to dimensional changes during the heat treatment.
 porcelain is applied to refractory models to sintered
 And final corrections.
FIG 11:
FIG 10: http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=mu%C3%
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=mu B1%C3%B3n+refractario
%C3%B1%C3%B3n+refractario

14. Replacing a lost wax technique
 Waxed the
pattern which may be
the inner cap or full
restoration introduced i
Fig 12:
nto a cylinder and
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=cera+p%C
3%A9rdida+de+uso+odontologico
calcined wax.
 The ceramic is heated to
its melting point
 Ceramic injection
is pushes it into the
mold.
Fig 13:
http://www.google.com.mx/imgres?q=cera

15. Computer-assisted technology
Composed of 3 phases:
scanning, design and
machining.
 Scanning: Recorded three-
dimensional by using
cameras or sapphire tip.
 Design: In the computer
using specialized software.
 Machining: milling in a
unit that transfers the
dimensions of Fig 14: CAD CAM
the software and http://metal-engravings.com/metal-
engraving/cad-cam-2.html
makes the model.

16. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• Translucency • Low resisteance to the impact
• Chemical Stability • Low tencional resisteance
• Thermal expansion • Fragil
coefficient close to the tooth
• Biocompatibility • Porosity
• High compressive strength and • Contraction
abrasion.
• Good marginal fit

17. Trade marcs
 DC-Zircon
 In- Ceram YZ
 Lava (3M Espe)
 Biodent (dentsply)
 Cerinat ( Dent- mat)
 Ceramco ll ( Ceramco)
 Fortune ( Williams)

18. LITERATURE
 http://www.slideshare.net/criztiam/ceramicas-dentales-
5562646
 http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/rcoe/v12n4/revision1.pdf
 http://www.densplay.com/default.pk?tsearch=clasificacio
n+de+las+ceramicas+de+uso+odontologico&x=0&y=0