Using mobile phone to pay public transport fare.

1. Source : Google Image
- An Act of e-Governance

2.  ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 LITERATURE REVIEW
 FLOWCHART
 CASHLESS TRAVEL MODEL IN THE CLOUD
 USE CASE DIAGRAM I
 USE CASE DIAGRAM II
 MOBILE APPLICATION OUTLOOK
 MERITS
 LIMITATIONS
 CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
 REFERENCES

3. This presentation discusses the increasing penetration of mobile phones and the
key considerations of use of mobile payments. The presentation proposes an
mobile phone application connected to a cloud for the payment of bus (or any
other public transportation) fare as you go.
Mobile phones have penetrated our developed and developing world. The model
can perform with no use of coins and also saves the passenger from the burden
of carrying loose coins.
The model assumes the availability of internet facility in the mobile phones.
Mobile phone application based models in the cloud are very rare.

4. Most travellers in India face the burden of carrying thick wallets. This also leads
to the risk of theft.
The convenience of mobile phones is bringing about new changes in society.
User’s mobile phones are integral and trusted part of their lives and a phone has
other features rather than only calling and receiving. Technologies like cloud have
further reduced the cost of building infrastructure.

5.  OlaCabs Model : OLA Money (prepaid cash) is stored in the OLA wallet which
is a feature in the OLA mobile phone application to pay for the cab ride
online.
 E-Purse Mumbai : Cashless travel facility in the BEST ( Bombay Electric Supply
and Transport ) buses. This will facilitate the passengers to overcome the
problem of loose coins or tendering exact change towards the fare.
 Oyster Cards in London : Travel Credit cards used in London buses and trams.
Pay the credit at the end of the month.
Source : Google Image

6. Flow Chart showing the interaction of a passenger with Mobile Phone after he has
registered online for an account

7. Passenger
Database
Payment
Operations
SMS & Email Bill Service Request
Ticket Confirmation
Number Delivery
PassengerConductor / Staff
Bus Database
Verifies
Confirmation
Number with E-
Validator machines
Verification
Status
Gives Confirmation no. to conductor
Issues ticket using ETIM machine
Admin
Maintains Database stored in the cloud

8. Interaction between the passenger and the mobile phone
Mobile Phone
Perform Payment
Receive
Confirmation no.
Recharge E-Wallet
Receive Login Password
Confirm Transfer Amount
Insert Public
Vehicle Code / No.
Insufficient
Balance
Passenger

9. Interaction between the conductor / staff and the E-Validator machine (ETIM machine)
E-Validator Machine (ETIM machine)
Enters Confirmation no. given
by Passenger
Verifies
Confirmation no.
Generates E-Ticket
Confirms Ticket
Amount Transferred
Conductor / Staff

10. EXIT
Mobile Application Layout
MAIN SCREEN

11.  In case of low E-Wallet balance, the account can be recharged online and also
during journey itself. No need of standing in long queues unlike in case of cashless
travel facility in Mumbai where the BEST travel card can only be recharged by
paying cash in Recharge counters at specific bus stations.
 The passenger details and the public transport's details which is being used are
stored in the cloud and is maintained by the cloud Admin. Cloud computing
provides on-demand rapid provisioning of services.
 The model can perform with no use of coins and also saves the passenger from the
burden of carrying loose coins.
 This mobile based application can be used to pay the fare for all public means of
transport and these public transports should register themselves prior with the
concerned authorities.

12.  Here the payment is made from the E-wallet balance and not from the bank. The E-
wallet is recharged once using the bank details and this E-wallet can be used to pay
fare as many times as we travel. It is like the Ola Money concept.
 In card system as used in BEST Mumbai, there are chances of losing the card.
 This is just a mobile phone application which connects to the cloud when logged in.
 In case of no internet connectivity or low mobile balance, one can pay the fare in
cash too. In BEST Mumbai if the travel card doesn’t work due to some reasons, the
passenger pays the conductor in CASH.
 This model will also work in very cheap smartphones ( Price < Rs 2500 ).

13.  While recharging the E-Wallet balance online, chances are there that the bank
server might be down for a day.
 In cases of very slow internet speeds or very low mobile battery power, this model
might not work.
 In India, there are many rural areas where there is NO internet connectivity. This
model will not work in those areas.
 There are ‘mindset’ gaps : General resistance to change. People don’t wish to try
out new technologies. Major reason for the failure of e-Governance in any nation.
 The model hasn’t been surveyed for the opinions of the public.

14.  Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Systems or SMS mode of paying fare through
mobile phone can be introduced for those who don’t wish to use the mobile phone
application. Also IVR based models or SMS mode can function on non -
smartphones too. IVR based models in the cloud are very rare.
 This model should be surveyed before putting it into public use.
 This model can also ensure a uniform Transport Rate Chart loaded on the cloud for
a particular city. Chances of illegal charging of excess fare from the passengers will
be minimized.

15.  Cashless Travel facility in the Bombay Electric Supply and Transport buses
www.bestundertaking.com/pdf/e-purse_details.pdf
 Oyster online – Transport for London
http://www.tfl.gov.uk/fares-and-payments/oyster
 Understanding e-Governance for Development
http://www.seed.manchester.ac.uk/subjects/idpm/research/publications/wp/igov/i
gov-wp11/
 Amitava Ghosh, Sourya Joyee De and Ambuj Mahanti, “A Mobile Banking Model in
the Cloud for Financial Inclusion in India,” Proceedings of the 32nd ACM
International Conference on The Design of Communication CD-ROM, Article No. 3
http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2666218