Lectures Of Anatomy by Dr, Noura El Tahawy . for Second Year Faculty of Medicine.

1. Cranial Cavity
By
Dr. Noura El Tahawy

2. CRANIAL CAVITY
Dura Mater and Dural Folds:
1. Falx cerebri Hypophysis Cerebri
2. Falx cerebelli (pituitary gland)
3. Tentorium cerebelli
4. Diaphragma sellae
Dural Venous Sinuses: Intracranial Part of
1. Single sinuses -Internal Carotid Artery
2. Paired sinuses -Middle Meningeal Artery
Intra-cranial part of
Cranial Nerves Emissary & Diploic Veins

3. Boney Cranial Cavity

6. Roof of the cranial cavity.

7. Anterior cranial fossa.

8. Middle cranial fossa.

9. Posterior cranial fossa.

10. Cranial nerves and foramen of exit
from cranial cavity

11. Cranial nerves exiting the cranial cavity.

12. Cranial nerves and foramen of exit from cranial cavity
I olfactory cribriform plate of ethmoid
II optic optic foramen
III oculomotor superior orbital fissure
IV trochlear superior orbital fissure
V trigeminal:
V1 ophthalmic division superior orbital fissure
V2 maxillary division foramen rotundum
V3 mandibular division foramen ovale
VI abducens superior orbital fissure
VII facial internal auditory (or acoustic) meatus
VIII vestibulocochlear internal auditory (or acoustic) meatus
IX glossopharyngeal jugular foramen
X vagus jugular foramen
XI spinal accessory foramen magnum and jugular foramen
XII hypoglossal hypoglossal foramen

13. 2- Optic 6- Abducent
4- Trochlear
1- Olfactory
5- Trigeminal
3- Occulomotor 7- Facial
8- Vestibulcochlear
9- Glossopharyngeal
10- Vagus
12- Hypoglossal 11- Accessory

14. Dura& Dural Folds

15. Cranial cavity

16. Arrangement of the meninges and spaces.

17. Dural venous
sinuses.

18. Parasagittal section of the head showing the disposition of the falx cerebri and
tentorium cerebelli.

20. The cerebral dura mater
The cerebral dura mater, its reflections and major venous sinuses

22. Part of cranial cavity
section of the head showing the disposition of the falx cerebri, together with some of
the dural venous sinuses and subarachnoid cisterns.

23. Dural reflections and venous sinuses. The midbrain
occupies the tentorial notch.

24. Tentorium cerebelli
The dura mater of the floor of the cranial cavity and the superior aspect of the tentorium cerebelli.
Representation of the cavernous sinus and its venous relationships are greatly simplified and are
shown on the left only. Note that the trochlear and abducens nerves have not been shown

25. Venous sinuses
on the base of
the skull. The
dura mater has
been removed
on the right
side. The inset
indicates
where grooves
for sinuses are
seen on the dry
skull. Note: On
the left, the
midbrain is
seen at the
level of the
tentorial notch.
On the right, a
lower level
section shows
the trigeminal
nerve attached
to the pons.

26. Falx Cerebri
Tentorium
Cerebelli
Falx Cerebelli

27. Trigeminal Ganglion
Cavum Trigeminale
Inner Meningeal
Layer of the Dura
Outer Endosteal
Layer of the Dura

28. Arterial Supply of Meninges
Middle meningeal artery

29. Dural arterial supply.

30. Maxillary artery
Lateral Pterygoid
Muscle
Superficial Temporal
artery
Middle meningeal artery
External carotid artery

31. Lateral pterygoid
muscle
Middle meningeal artery

32. Mandibular nerve
and
Otic ganglion Auriculotemporal
nerve
Middle meningeal
artery

33. Middle Meningeal Artery
Auricultemporal Nerve

34. Branches of
Middle Meningeal Artery

36. Pterygomeningeal branch
Middle meningeal
artery

37. Termination of
Middle Meningeal Artery

38. Anterior terminal branch
(Frontal branch)
Anastomosing branch
Posterior terminal branch
(Parietal branch)

39. Middle meningeal artey

40. Side view of skull. The circle encloses the pterion.

41. Frontozygomatic
Suture
h
i nc
ch
2
2 in
h
nc
1 .5i
h
inc
1. 5
h Midpoint of the zygomatic arch
i nc
1 inch
1
Nasion
Inion

42. Innervation of the dura mater

43. Dural innervation.

44. Veins, meninges, and dural venous sinuses.

45. The Diploic Veins

47. Dural venous sinuses

48. Dural venous sinuses
Single Paired
Superior sagittal S. Sphenoparietal S.
Infreior sagittal S. Cavernous S.
Straight S. Superior petrosal S.
Intercavernous Ss. Inferior petrosal S.
Basilar venous plexsus Transverse S.
Occipital S. Sigmoid S.

51. Coronal Section
Subarachnoid Villi
and Emissary Vein
Granulations Endosteal Layer
Meningeal
Layer
Venous
Sinus
Cerebral Vein
Pia
Arachnoid

53. Single Dural Venous
Sinuses Superior Sagittal Sinus
Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Straight
Sinus
Intercavernous Sinuses
Occipital Sinus
Basilar Plexus of Sinuses

54. Paired Dural Venous Sinuses
Sphenoparietal sinus
Inferior petrosal
sinus
Cavernous sinus
Sigmoid
Superior petrosal sinus
sinus
Transverse sinus

55. Single Dural Venous Sinuses

56. Superior Sagittal Sinus
1- Superior Sagittal Sinus

57. Termination of Superior Sagittal Sinus

58. Straight sinus
Right
Transverse sinus
Left
Transverse sinus
Superior Sagittal Sinus

59. Structures that open into the
Superior Sagittal Sinus

60. Superior Sagittal Sinus
Vena Lacunae Lateralis
1- Vena Lacunae Lateralis

61. Subarachnoid Villi and Granulations
2- Arachnoid Villi and Granulations

62. Tributaries of the Superior Sagittal Sinus
1- Superior Cerebral Veins
2- Emissary Veins

63. Superior Sagittal Sinus
Superior
Cerebral Vein

64. Coronal Section
Subarachnoid Villi
and Emissary Vein
Granulations Endosteal Layer
Meningeal
Layer
Venous
Sinus
Cerebral Vein
Pia
Arachnoid

65. Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Straight Sinus
Great Cerebral Vein
2- Inferior Sagittal Sinus

66. Inferior Sagittal Sinus
Straight Sinus
Great Cerebral Vein
3- The Straight Sinus

67. 4- The Occipital Sinus
Occipital Dural Venous Sinus

68. 5- Intercavernous Sinuses
Intercavernous Sinuses

69. Outer Endosteal
Layer of the Dura Inner Meningeal
Layer of the Dura Pituitary Gland
Diaphragma Sellae
Intercavernous
Dural Sinuses

70. 6- Basilar Plexus of Sinuses
Basilar Plexus of Sinuses

71. II- Paired Sinuses

72. Sphenoparietal sinus
Inferior petrosal
sinus
Cavernous sinus
Sigmoid
Superior petrosal sinus
sinus
Transverse sinus

73. Small dural veins
Sphenoparietal sinus
A tributary from
The anterior division of
The middle meningeal vein
1- Spenoparietal Sinus

74. Cavernous sinus
2- Cavernous Sinus

75. Cavernous Sinuses
Occulomotor Nerve
Trochlear Nerve
Ophthalmic Nerve
Maxillary Nerve
Internal carotid Artery
Abducent Nerve with
Sympathetic Plexus

76. 3- Superior Petrosal
Superior Petrosal Sinus
Sinus
Inferior cerebral
veins
Veins from
Tympanic cavity
Superior cerebellar veins

77. 4- Inferior Petrosal Inferior Petrosal Sinus
Sinus
Basilar plexus of veins
Labyrinthine veins
Inferior cerebellar
veins
Pontine veins Medullary veins

78. 5- Transverse Sinus
Posterior
Temporal
Diploic
The superior petrosal Vein
sinus
in s
ve
ll ar
be
Cere Inferior cerebral
The occipital sinus veins
Occipital
Diploic
Vein
The Transverse sinus

79. Sigmoid Sinus
Communication with
Suboccipital plexus of veins
Occipital
Sinus
Communication with
Occipital and / or
Posterior auricular veins
6- Sigmoid Sinus

80. Intracranial Hemorrahge
Extradural hemorrahge Subarachnoid hemorrage
Arterial or venous Results from leakage or rupture
Results from injury to the of a congenital aneurysm on the
meningeal arteries or veins circle of Willis or angioma
Cerebral hemorrage
Subdural hemorrahge Results from rupture of one of
Venous the intracerebral thin walled
Results from injury to the arteries (lenticulostriate artery)
superficial superior cerebral
veins

82. Thank you