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Inhalt
KI Sprachen und Tools
Erhard Dinhobl
Die Geschichte
Sprachen
KI-Software am Markt
und weitere Projekte
Erste Ideen
Charles Babbage
(1792-1871)
Difference Machine (1823)
Analytical Engine (1834)
Geschichte
1941:
Erste Programmiersprache
der Welt:
Plankalkül
von Konrad Zuse
Konrad Zuse‘s Z3
Meilenstein
Geschichte
Claude Shannon (1948) veröffentlicht die
Theorie über Kommunikation:
 Optimale Datenübertragung
 Das Bit ist geboren
John Backus (1952) entwickelt Speedcoding für
den IBM 701
Bob Patrick
Owen Mock
Betriebssystem GM-NAA I/O System
für den IBM 704
MIT (1956) Experimente mit Keyboards
Sperry Rand (1957) Compiler A-0 für Univac
Math-Matic
Flow-Matic
Fortran Schleifenkonzept implementiert
ERMA (1959) auslesen von Kontonummern
Geschichte
LISP (1960) erste Programmiersprache für KI
Computerspiele (1962) SpaceWar von MIT-Studenten
Cobol (1960)
Zusammenarbeit von
Computererzeugern und Pentagon
Geschichte
ASCII (1963)
Vereinheitlichung des
Datenaustausches
Basic (1964) einfach zu lernende PR-Sprache
OOP (1965)
Ansätze der objektorientierten
Programmierung mit Simula
UNIX (1969)
von
Kenneth Thompson
&
Dennis Ritchie
in den AT&T Labs.
Anfang der 70er
Ritchie entwickelt
Programmiersprache B
und dann weiter zu C
Geschichte
ATARI Video Games
(1972)
von Nolan Bushnell
gegründet
Erstes Video Game
„Pong“
„Pong“
Prolog, Smalltalk, AnsiCobol, Pascal
Geschichte
MS-DOS
Lotus 1-2-3
die 80er
Entwicklung
ADA83, CommonLisp
C++ für die Industrie
90er bis jetzt
Java, Visual Basic
C#, J#, (dotNet), Ruby
Sprachen und die Verwendung
Analyse unseres Geistes
Erfahrungswerte formalisieren und somit gesamtheitlich Verstehen
Anwendung bei Expertensystemen
2 Ebenen
Symbolebene (Problemlösung)
Wissensebene (Daten)
Programmiersprachen
Prolog und Lisp
aber auch C, C++, Java
XPS-Shells
Allen Newell (1982):
Prolog
Entwicklung 1972 von Alan Colmerauer und der
« Groupe d'Intelligence Artificielle
de Luminy »
David Warren implementiert
Kompiler
Anwendung
 Expertensysteme
 Wissensverarbeitung
 Spiele
 symbolische Mathematik
 Prototyping
 Constraint-Programmierung
 Deduktive Datenbanken
deklerative Sprache
Prolog
auto(polo).
auto(jazz).
auto(civic).
motorrad(valkyrie).
firma(honda).
firma(vw).
hersteller(vw, polo).
hersteller(honda, civic).
hersteller(honda, jazz).
hersteller(honda, valkyrie).
Daten Fall
Prolog
?- auto(polo)
yes
-? auto(golf)
no
selberhersteller(X,Y) :-
hersteller(H,X),
hersteller(H,Y).
?- selberhersteller(valkyrie,jazz)
yes
-? selberhersteller(X,civic)
X=civic
X=jazz
X=valkyrie
Daten Fall
Prolog
Daten Fall
mann(adam).
mann(tobias).
mann(frank).
frau(eva).
frau(daniela).
frau(ulrike).
vater(adam,tobias).
vater(tobias,frank).
vater(tobias,ulrike).
mutter(eva,tobias).
mutter(daniela,frank).
mutter(daniela,ulrike).
http://www.swi-prolog.org
Prolog
Daten Fall
elternteil(X,Y) :-
mutter(X,Y);
vater(X,Y).
vorfahr(X,Z) :-
elternteil(X,Z).
vorfahr(X,Z) :-
elternteil(X,Y),
vorfahr(Y,Z).
erzeugungen(vw,auto,[polo,golf]).
erzeugungen(suzuki,motorrad,[vanvan,bandit]).
http://www.swi-prolog.org
Lisp
Entwicklung 70er Lisp-Maschinen
am MIT entwickelt
„Lisp-Hardware“
DARPA Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency (Pentagon)
kaufte LISP-Maschinen für
Star-Wars
LMI - Symbolics - MIT
viele Dialekte von Lisp
heute: CommonLisp
Anwendung
 Entwicklung von KI Werkzeugen
 Test von Prototypen und Systeme
 Suchalgorithmen
 Interpreter
prozedurale Sprache genau gesagt funktional
Lisp
Rechnen in LISP
Listen
(1 3 5 7)
(vw(polo, golf), honda(civi, jazz))
(x y z)  (f x y)
 f(x, y)
 Liste ‘(x y z)
Infixnotation
(* (+ 4 5) (+ 5 2))
LISP-Atome 14.5782
1000
ein-bindestrich-wort
*eine-markierung*
Lisp
> (defun absolut-val (x)
(cond ((< x 0) (* x -1))
((>= x 0) x)))
> (absolut-val -2)
2
> ()
NIL
Fall
http://www.ufasoft.com/lisp
KI-Software am Markt
YVE Speichern von Unternehmenswissen
orisabase Entwicklungsumgebung
(Framesystem)
Brainware
Entwicklung auf Basis von
Neuronalenen Netzen
CAS Auswertung von Videodaten
zur Überwachung
KI-Software am Markt
SWI-Prolog
KI-Software am Markt
UfaSoft Lisp
KI-Software am Markt
Projekt Regelbasierte Generierung
musikalischer Strukturen in der
KI-Sprache Prolog
Erfahrungen aus Analyse der Sprache
System welches Regeln der Musiktheorie befolgt
Erfahrungen für Linguistik und Musikanalyse
KI-Software am Markt
rythm(1/2, [1/2]).
rythm(1/2, [1/4, 1/4]]).
rythm(1/4, [1/8, 1/8]).
rythm(1/2, [1/8, 1/8, 1/8, 1/8]).
sound(1/2, [p, g0, g0, g0]).
sound(1/2, [dis0]).
sound(1/2, [p, f0, f0, f0]).
sound(1/2, [d0]).
Rythmus Klang
p g0 g0 g0 dis0 p f0 f0 f0 d0
1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/2 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/2
KI-Software am Markt
PureData Grafische Programmiersprache für
interaktive Computermusik
http://www.puredata.org

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