This presentation was given by Kevin Kumagai, Senior Fisheries Biologist at HTI Hydroacoustic Technology at the American Fisheries Society's Annual Meeting in Little Rock, Arkansas in September 2013.
Overview:
Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations. For example, presence/absence of fish. If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these detections can assess fish behavior. Example behaviors include: moving toward and away, holding, downstream migration, searching, fish passage, predator avoidance, predation, simultaneous tags, tag defection. The HTI Predation Tag verifies predation via a unique modification in the tag signal while maintaining individual fish ID. It provides a tool to directly measure predation and allows evaluation of behavior-based predation techniques. Currently in testing by CDWR and BOR in 2013 (Afentoulis et al., 2013), it is being field tested in 2014. Being able to monitor predation dynamics, especially as it relates to threatened or endangered species (e.g., salmonids) will provide tremendous insights to better fisheries management.
Assessing Fish Behavior Using Acoustic Telemetry Methods
1. Assessing Fish Behavior Using Acoustic
Telemetry Methods
Kevin Kumagai, Colleen Sullivan, and Sam Johnston
HTI - Hydroacoustic Technology, Inc.
143rd Annual Meeting of AFS
September 12, 2013, 9 AM, Hoffman
Little Rock, AR
2. Overview
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations. For
example, presence/absence.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these
detections can assess fish behavior.
• Example behaviors include:
• Moving towards and away
• Holding
• Downstream migration
• Searching
• Fish passage
• Predator avoidance
• Predation
• Simultaneous tags
• Tag defecation
3. Acoustic tags = information
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish
populations. For example, presence/absence.
6. Fish survival and fish passage
• Can be measured from the these detection histories
7. Uniform spacing, high precision: fish
behavior
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish
populations.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of
precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.
Tag ID encoded in unique period
(adapted from Ehrenberg and Steig, 2009)
16. Single hydrophone example behaviors
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish
populations.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of
precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.
• Behaviors in this example include:
• Moving toward and away
• Holding
20. Single hydrophone example behaviors
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish
populations.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of
precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.
• Behaviors in this example include:
• Moving toward and away
• Holding
30. 2D tracks example behaviors
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish
populations.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of
precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.
• Behaviors in this example include:
• Holding
• Downstream migration
• Searching
• Fish passage
• Predator avoidance
33. Holding, 23:04-23:05
Tagged striped bass continues holding. Steelhead tag (light green
spheres) approaching array below pink and green hydrophones. Data
courtesy of CDWR.
43. Predator avoidance, 23:14-23:15
As steelhead tag passes over striped bass, steelhead tag appears to
avoid bass moving counter-clockiwse. Striped bass also moves
downstream. Data courtesy of CDWR.
52. 2D tracks example behaviors
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish
populations.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of
precision, these detections can assess fish behavior.
• Behaviors in this example include:
• Predation
• Simultaneous tags
• Tag defecation
53. Overview: predation and simultaneous tags
Downstream
Upstream
Barrier
Time Slider
Steelhead 2D positions(green)
Striped bass 2D positions(red)
Sun and moon gadget
Tagged striped bass (red spheres) consumed tagged dead chinook (blue
spheres) and the two tags swim simultaneouly for almost two days. Data
courtesy of BOR.
54. Striped bass, 6/21/13 10:05-10:10
Tagged striped bass (red spheres) in primary channel. Data courtesy of
BOR.
55. Striped bass, 6/21/13 10:10-10:15
Tagged striped bass (red spheres) in primary channel. Data courtesy of
BOR.
56. Predation, 6/21/13 10:15-10:20
Tagged striped bass (red spheres) consumes dead chinook (blue
spheres) approximately 6/21/13 10:20. Data courtesy of BOR.
57. Simultaneous tags, 6/21/13 10:20-10:25
Two tags are simultaneous for almost two days. Data courtesy of BOR.
58. Simultaneous tags continues for almost two
days, 6/23/13 9:10-9:15
Simultaneous tags together for almost two days. Data courtesy of BOR.
68. Summary
• Acoustic tags can provide information about fish populations. For
example, presence/absence.
• If detections are uniformly spaced to a high level of precision, these
detections can assess fish behavior.
• Example behaviors include:
• Moving towards and away
• Holding
• Downstream migration
• Searching
• Fish passage
• Predator avoidance
• Predation
• Simultaneous tags
• Tag defecation
69. Current R&D: HTI Predation Tag
• Verifies predation via a unique
modification in the tag signal while
maintaining individual fish ID
• Provides a tool to directly measure
predation
• Allows evaluation of behavior-based
predation techniques
• Laboratory testing by CDWR and
BOR in 2013 (Afentoulis et al., 2013)
• Field testing planned for 2014
Image Courtesy of FISHBIO
* Patent pending
70. References
• Afentoulis, V.B., M.N. Johnson, A.A. Schultz, and C.J. Yip. 2013. Predation
Tag Efficacy. Research proposal document. Property of the California
Department of Water Resources, Bay Delta Office.
• Ehrenberg, J. E., and Steig, T. W. 2009. A study of the relationship between
tag-signal characteristics and achievable performances in acoustic fish-tag
studies. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1278–1283.
• Kumagai, K.K. In prep. Acoustic tag detections and tracking of fish
predation and tag defecation at the Tracy Fish Collection Facility in 2013.
Report to Bureau of Reclamation, Byron, Calif., by Hydroacoustic
Technology, Inc., Seattle, Wash.
• Tunnicliffe, C., K.K. Kumagai, and S.V. Johnston. 2011. Two-dimensional
fish tracking study in the Old River at Tracy barrier in 2011. Report to
California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, Calif., by
Hydroacoustic Technology, Inc., Seattle, Wash.
71. Acknowledgments
• California Department of Water Resources
(V. Afentoulis, K. Clark, M. Johnson, J. McQuirk, J. Miranda,
C. Yip)
• Bureau of Reclamation
(B. Bridges, K. Carp, R. Reyes, A. Schultz, B. Wu)