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THREE PERIODS IN THE
LITERARY HISTORY OF
THE PHILIPPINES
Pre – Colonialism
Colonialism
Post - Colonialism
Pre - Colonialism
The early literary forms of the
Philippines were epics, legends,
riddles and proverbs which were
told and retold by the natives.
 The literature of the pre – colonial
Filipinos bore the marks of the
community.
 Filipinos managed to preserved
laws, legends, songs and epics by
inscribing them on barks of trees,
palm leaves and bamboos.
 Some of the literary forms have
managed to survived war and
tropical disasters because they
retained in the common minds and
were later reduced to permanent
forms.
LITERARY FORMS
 RIDDLE (bugtong)
 EPIGRAMS / MAXIMS /
PROVERBS (SALAWIKAIN &
SAWIKAIN)
 Ex of salawikain
 Ang matapat na kaibigan, tunay na
maaasahan. - - -You will know a true
friend in time of need.
 Ex of Sawikain
 kumukulo ang dugo
"blood is boiling" = is very angry
 isulat sa tubig
"write on water" = forget about it
Ex of Maxims
 Pag hindi ukol,
Hindi bubukol.
-means
What is not intended for one will not bear
fruit.
CHANTS (BULONG)
used in witchcraft and/or
enchantment
 Tanaga
a quatrain expressing insights
and lessons in life
Ex. “Tahak ng tingin, tulak
ng sulyap, yakap, lapat
ng titig sa balikat.
hatak pa, kindat, hakat”
 traditional poetry of the Hanunoo
Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which is
normally inscribed on bamboo using a
pre-Colonial syllabic writing system
called the Surat Mangyan .
 usually chanted
 teaches lessons about life
 recited by parents to educate their
children, by the youth to express their
love, by the old to impart experiences,
or by the community in tribal
ceremonies
 on some occasions like burial rites, the
ambahan is used for entertainment
Sugot nga maaw kunman
Tangdayan no ma-amban
Sabungan no manuywan
Impad las yami daywan
Hanggan buhok
timbangan
Hanggan sa balod
pangdan
Bugkat di way yamungan
Bilang dayi bunlagan
No kang tinaginduman
Kang magpahalimbaw-an
Ga bugtong ti bilugan
 Explain how the world was created,
how animals possess certain
characteristics, why some places
have volcanoes, mountains etc.
Story of Bathala
The Legend of Maria Makiling
 Presence of different deities
 Ex. Bathala
 Lakambakod
 Mythical creatures
 Aswang
 Dila
 Diwata
 Dwende
 Tikbalang
 Mankukulam
 Ifugao – Hudhud hi Aliguyon
 Ilocos – Biag ni Lam-ang
 Bicol - Ibalon
 Mindanao – Darangan
 Panay – Hinilawod
 Bagobo - Tuwaang
 Kalinga – Ulaliim
 Manobo – Agyu or Olahing
 Subanon - Sandayo
 Aliguyon
 the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his
arch-enemy, Pambukhayon
 Biag ni Lam-Ang
 tells of the adventures of Lam-Ang who
exhibits extraordinary powers at a very
early age.
 Ibalon
 the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog,
Handiong, Bantiong
 Hinilawod
 oldest and longest epic poem in Panay
 the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod
brothers, LabawDonggon, Humadapnon and
Dumalapdap of ancient Panay
 a form of folk lyric which expresses the
people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles
 traditional songs and melodies
 inspired by the reaction of the people to
their environment
 uyayi – lullaby
 komintang – war song
 kundiman – melancholic love song
 harana – serenade
 Tagay (Cebuano/Waray) – drinking song
 mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song
 subli – dance-ritual song of courtship
/marriage
 Kanogan (Cebuano) – song of lamentation
for the dead.
PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE
DURING SPANISH
COLONIZATION
A. Spanish Religious
Works
B. Formative
Language
C. Nationalist Stage
Philippine Literature
During American
Regime

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Literary History of the Philippines (Pre-Colonialism Period)

  • 1. THREE PERIODS IN THE LITERARY HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES Pre – Colonialism Colonialism Post - Colonialism
  • 2. Pre - Colonialism The early literary forms of the Philippines were epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were told and retold by the natives.  The literature of the pre – colonial Filipinos bore the marks of the community.
  • 3.  Filipinos managed to preserved laws, legends, songs and epics by inscribing them on barks of trees, palm leaves and bamboos.  Some of the literary forms have managed to survived war and tropical disasters because they retained in the common minds and were later reduced to permanent forms.
  • 4. LITERARY FORMS  RIDDLE (bugtong)  EPIGRAMS / MAXIMS / PROVERBS (SALAWIKAIN & SAWIKAIN)
  • 5.  Ex of salawikain  Ang matapat na kaibigan, tunay na maaasahan. - - -You will know a true friend in time of need.
  • 6.  Ex of Sawikain  kumukulo ang dugo "blood is boiling" = is very angry  isulat sa tubig "write on water" = forget about it Ex of Maxims  Pag hindi ukol, Hindi bubukol. -means What is not intended for one will not bear fruit.
  • 7. CHANTS (BULONG) used in witchcraft and/or enchantment  Tanaga a quatrain expressing insights and lessons in life Ex. “Tahak ng tingin, tulak ng sulyap, yakap, lapat ng titig sa balikat. hatak pa, kindat, hakat”
  • 8.  traditional poetry of the Hanunoo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which is normally inscribed on bamboo using a pre-Colonial syllabic writing system called the Surat Mangyan .  usually chanted  teaches lessons about life  recited by parents to educate their children, by the youth to express their love, by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremonies
  • 9.  on some occasions like burial rites, the ambahan is used for entertainment Sugot nga maaw kunman Tangdayan no ma-amban Sabungan no manuywan Impad las yami daywan Hanggan buhok timbangan Hanggan sa balod pangdan Bugkat di way yamungan Bilang dayi bunlagan No kang tinaginduman Kang magpahalimbaw-an Ga bugtong ti bilugan
  • 10.  Explain how the world was created, how animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have volcanoes, mountains etc. Story of Bathala The Legend of Maria Makiling
  • 11.  Presence of different deities  Ex. Bathala  Lakambakod  Mythical creatures  Aswang  Dila  Diwata  Dwende  Tikbalang  Mankukulam
  • 12.  Ifugao – Hudhud hi Aliguyon  Ilocos – Biag ni Lam-ang  Bicol - Ibalon  Mindanao – Darangan  Panay – Hinilawod  Bagobo - Tuwaang  Kalinga – Ulaliim  Manobo – Agyu or Olahing  Subanon - Sandayo
  • 13.  Aliguyon  the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his arch-enemy, Pambukhayon  Biag ni Lam-Ang  tells of the adventures of Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary powers at a very early age.  Ibalon  the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog, Handiong, Bantiong  Hinilawod  oldest and longest epic poem in Panay  the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod brothers, LabawDonggon, Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of ancient Panay
  • 14.  a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles  traditional songs and melodies  inspired by the reaction of the people to their environment
  • 15.  uyayi – lullaby  komintang – war song  kundiman – melancholic love song  harana – serenade  Tagay (Cebuano/Waray) – drinking song  mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song  subli – dance-ritual song of courtship /marriage  Kanogan (Cebuano) – song of lamentation for the dead.
  • 17. A. Spanish Religious Works B. Formative Language C. Nationalist Stage