Explanation of the present perfect with EVER and NEVER

1. PRESENT PERFECT (TalkingAboutPastExperiences)

2. STRUCTURE

3. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES: [Subject + haveor has + pastparticiple of verbs] Examples: “WehavevisitedItalytwice.” “She has learntfourlanguages.”

4. QUESTIONS: [Haveor has + subject + ever + pastparticiple + ? ] Examples: “Has sheevereatenIndianfood?” “Haveyoueverplayedbadmington?”

5. NEGATIVE SENTENCES: [Subject + haven’torhasn’t + pastparticiple ] Examples: “Shehasn’teatenIndianfood.” “Youhaven’tplayedbadmington.” Or [Subject + haveor has + never + pastparticiple of verbs] Examples: “Wehaveneverseen a ghost.” “She has neverstudiedGerman.”

6. WHEN DO WE USE THE PRESENT PERFECT? We can use thepresentperfect tense totalkaboutourexperiences in thepast. We do nottellwhentheseexperiencestook place (forthatwepreferthepast simple), butonlythenumber of times orsimplynothing. Toasksomeoneabouttheirexperienceswe use thepresentperfectwith EVER.

7. FOR EXAMPLE…

9. Haveyoueverbeento New York?

10. We can givedifferentanswerstothisquestion: SHORT ANSWERS: Yes, I have. No, I haven’t We can answerwith complete sentences: a) No, I haven’tbeento New York. b) No, I haveneverbeento New York. or c) Yes, I havebeento New York ……….. times.

12. Haveyouevereatenfriedscorpions?

13. SHORT ANSWERS: - Yes, I have. - No, I haven’t LONG ANSWERS: - No, I haven’teatenfriedscorpions. - No, I havenevereatenfriedscorpions. or - Yes, I haveeatenfriedscorpions……….. times.

15. Haveyouevergonebungee-jumping?

16. SHORT ANSWERS: - Yes, I have. - No, I haven’t LONG ANSWERS: - No, I haven’tgonebungee-jumping. - No, I havenevergonebungee-jumping. or - Yes, I havegonebungee-jumping ……….. times.

18. Haveyoueverseen a ghost?

19. SHORT ANSWERS: - Yes, I have. - No, I haven’t LONG ANSWERS: - No, I haven’tseen a ghost. - No, I haveneverseen a ghost. or - Yes, I haveseen a ghost ……….. times. - Yes, I haveseenghosts ……….. times.

20. THE END