1. SOL 3
The reformation

2.  For centuries leading up to the reformation,
what institution had dominated religious,
thought and action?
 A:
 The Catholic Church

3.  The Catholic Church’s reluctance to change
led to a new movement known as the
_________________ ________________.
This movement gave birth to new political (ex.
Democracy) and economic institutions (ex.
Capitalism).
 A:
 Protestant Reformation

4.  The Merchants had been upset with the
catholic church for banning what practice that
helped them start businesses?
 A:
 Usury (making loans with interest)
 Usury helped CAPITALISM take root during
this time.

5.  What did Catholic leaders such as Johan
Tetzel sell as penance for sins, allowing
people to buy their way into heaven?
 A:
 Indulgences

6.  Which man started the Protestant Reformation
with his posting of the 95 Theses (his
complaints against the Church)?
 A:
 Martin Luther

7.  What were Martin Luther’s 3 major
beliefs on religion that differed from
the Catholic Church?
 A:
 Salvation by FAITH ALONE
 The Bible as the Ultimate Authority
(not the Pope)
 All humans are equal before god.

8. Catholic v. Protestant
GOD
Priests/Clergy Commoners
GOD
CHURCH
MAN

9.  What was the name of the French Protestant
Reformer who believed in PREDESTINATION
(God determines at birth whether someone is
saved or not)?
 A:
 John Calvin

10.  How did John Calvin believe those who were
predestined for heaven would show their faith?
 A.
 Living a righteous life
 Strong Work Ethic

11.  Which major Protestant reformer broke with
the Church mainly for disliking the political
power of the Pope?
 A:
 Henry VIII

12. Key Leaders
 Henry VIII’s disagreement with the Pope
became a serious problem when Henry
wanted to get a _________________.
 A:
 Divorce

13. Reformation in England
 After forming the ANGLICAN
church as the major protestant
church in England, who did
Henry VIII place in head of the
church?
 A:
 Himself (and all future
monarchs)
 This was so he would not have
to share power like he had done
with the Pope

14. Key Leaders
 Which important Protestant leader is described
below?
 Expanded Anglican church
 Tolerant to dissenters
 Started colonization efforts for England.
 A:
 Elizabeth I

16. Reformation in England
 Elizabeth I and England’s victory over
______________ and their naval fleet (the
armada) in 1588 protected England as a
protestant country.
 A.
 Spain

17. Reformation in Germany
 The
Reformation in
Germany led to
Conflict as the
Protestants in
the
____________
_ areas started
to support
Lutheran
Churches and
break away
from the Pope.
 A:
 Northern

18. Reformation in Germany
 The ______________________ dynasty that
led the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (Germany)
chose to stay loyal to the Catholic Church.
 A:
 Hapsburg

20.  The THIRTY YEARS’ WAR in Germany was
mainly fought by which two sides
(______________ vs _______________)?
 A:
 Catholic vs. Protestants

21. Reformation in France
 While initially persecuted for their beliefs, the
HUGUENOTS (protestants in France) were
granted religious freedom by the
________________________________.
 A:
 Edict of Nantes

22. Reformation in France
 By supporting the
Protestant side in
the 30 years’ war,
French Catholic
leader CARDINAL
RICHLIEUE
changed the focus
of the 30 years’ war
from a religious war
to a
________________
__ war.
 A:
 Political

23. Catholic Reformation
 One Catholic
dissenter
prior to
Martin Luther
who
encouraged
people to
READ the
Bible for
themselves
in their own
language
was:
 A:
 John Wycliffe

24.  Another dissenter in
the Catholic church
prior to Martin Luther
who was martyred
(killed for his beliefs)
was:
 A:
 Jan Huss

25. Catholic Reformation
 The Catholic Church’s efforts to reform from
within and get more followers was known as
the:
 A:
 Catholic Reformation

26. Catholic Reformation
 What was the name of the group of Catholic
priests who tried to spread Catholic doctrine to
other parts of the world?
 A:
 Jesuits
 The Society of Jesus

27.  The Catholic Church established the
____________________ to punish
HERETICS that criticized the Church.
 A:
 Inquisition

28.  During the Reformation, literacy increased due
to what invention?
 A:
 The printing press

29.  Who invented the printing press?
 A:
 Johannes Gutenberg

30.  In protestant areas, why was the Bible
translated from Latin into vernacular
languages?
 A:
 Because few people could read Latin.
Protestants encouraged people to read the
Bible for themselves.

31.  T/F: After years of fighting in the Reformation
between Catholics and Protestants, eventually
the two sides became more tolerant of each
other.
 A:
 TRUE