The purpose of this project is to show the necessity of collaboration between medical research and public health to improve the outlook of our nation’s future. Case studies focusing on influenza, childhood obesity and HIV/AIDS show how the fields have intersected to address health problems in the past, and how they can continue to intersect in the present and the future. Finally, this study identifies key public health advocacy messages that need to be heard on a national level in order to bolster the intersection of medical research and public health.
3. Interning with Research!America
Tasks Opportunities
• Contributor to the New Voices • National Forum and Advocacy
for Research Blog and online Awards
advocacy community • Congressional Briefing on
• Contributor to the Research Biomedical Research funding
Advocate member newsletter • Created and implemented a
• Updated the social media marketing
Research!America website’s strategy for New Voices for
NIH ARRA funding Research initiative
• Twitter: @NV4Research
• Capital Science 2010
Conference
4. The Historical Relationship Between
Medicine and Public Health
Practice
Transformation • Advancement
• Infectious
disease of scientific
• Bacteriology knowledge
• Mutual
dependence
Functional
Collaboration Separation
Source: Lasker R. Medicine and Public Health: The Power of Collaboration
5. Rationale-Childhood Obesity
Year Excess Crises Needless Deaths
2020 600 130
2025 5,400 550
2030 11,000 1,500
2035 37,000 3,700
Sources: Bibbins-Domingo, K et al. Adolescent Overweight and Future Adult
Coronary Heart Disease.
7. Methods
• Literature review
• CINHAL
• PubMed
• Research!America fact sheets and poll data
• Media alerts
8. Objectives
• To show how medical research and public
health intersect to address health problems
• Past- Influenza
• Present-Childhood Obesity
• Future- HIV/AIDS
• Identify key public health advocacy messages
10. Spanish Influenza (1918-1920)
• Estimated 50 to
100 million people
were killed
worldwide
• Average life span
reduced by 10
years
• Most deadly for
people ages 20 to
40 years old
Source: "The 1918 Influenza Pandemic." Stanford University.
11. Public Health Achievements
• Influenza Vaccine-
1945
• Sanitation
• Hand-washing
• Coughing/sneezing
techniques
• Alcohol based hand
sanitizer
• Social Distancing
12. Medical Advancements
• Over the counter
medications
• Fever reducers- 1946
• Anti-virals
• Zanamivir (Relenza)-
1989
• Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)-
1999
14. Public Health Interventions
• Nutrition programs
• Vending machine
removal
• Full calorie sodas
removed from
schools
• Walking school buses
• Promotion of physical
education
15. Gastric Banding in Severely Obese
Adolescents
Gastric Banding Lifestyle Change
Group Group
• 84% lost more • 12% lost more
than 50% of than 50% of
excess weight excess weight
• Average weight • Average weight
loss: 76.1 lbs loss: 6.6 lbs
Source: Ogden CL et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in
the United States, 1999-2004.
16. First Lady Obama’s Let’s Move
Campaign
Healthy Choices Accessible and
• New easy-to- Affordable
understand Healthy Food
nutrition • Eliminating food
labeling deserts
• Medical • Increasing the
education on availability of
obesity fresh produce
Healthier Physical Activity
Schools • President’s
• Nutrition Physical Fitness
education Challenge
programs • Presidential
• School lunch Active Lifestyle
standardization Award
18. Advancements in the Treatment of
HIV/AIDS
• 1983-Identified the
HIV virus
• 1987-AZT became
first approved
treatment for HIV
Source: GH Wynn et al. Antiretrovirals , Part 1: Overview, History and
Focus on Protease Inhibitors.
19. Public Health Interventions
• HIV testing
• Safe sex education
• Work with at-risk
populations
• Prevention of
mother-to-child
transmission
• Behavior changing
20. Working Together
• Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
• Using anti-retrovirals (ARVs) as a prevention tool
in non-infected communities
• Take ARVs prior to HIV exposure
• Goal is to lower risk of infection
Source: CDC’s Clinical Studies of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention
21. Majority of Americans Want More
Funding for Research
How many cents out of each health dollar do you think we SHOULD spend?
26 cents or more 12%
15-25 cents 13%
70%
10-15 cents 9%
7-10 cents 36%
5-6 cents 21%
0-4 cents 9%
Source: Your Congress–Your Health Survey, June 2009
Charlton Research Company for Research!America
22. Funding for CDC
CDC implements research-based programs to prevent chronic and infectious diseases,
lower injury rates, limit tobacco use, protect the population from pandemics, and
mitigate environmental health risks. Which of the following statements most accurately
reflects your view?
We should increase
funding for core
10% programs at CDC to
45% improve public health
We should maintain
current funding levels
for CDC core programs
because other budget
items take precedence
Funding for CDC core
programs is not a
45%
priority
Source: Your Congress–Your Health Survey, June 2009
Charlton Research Company for Research!America
25. Contribution to the larger field of
public health
Community Dimensions of
Systems Thinking
Practice
• Recognizes community • Describes how public
linkages and health operates within a
relationships among larger system
multiple factors • Identifies key values
affecting health and a shared vision as
• Seeks the collaboration guiding principles for
of community partners community action
to promote the health of
the population
26. Competencies
• Informing, educating and empowering
people about health issues
Master of • Mobilizing community partnerships
and action to solve health problems
Public Health • Communicating effectively with public
health constituencies in oral and
written forms
• Identify, retrieve, summarize, manage
Management and communicate public health
information
and Policy • Demonstrate the principles of problem
solving and crisis management
27. Competencies
• Communicate effectively with
Biostatistics investigators in other areas of
public health
Social & • Demonstrate communication skills
Behavioral key to public health workforce
Sciences participation and advocacy
• Identify key sources of
Epidemiology epidemiologic data and data
collection methodology
28. Future Recommendations
• Working in conjunction with public health and
medical research organizations in order to find
new ways to collaborate
• Conduct advocacy trainings for public health
and medical professionals
