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Optimizations in Spatial Cognition:  Strategies and Trade-offs
Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Optimality in Spatial Cognition ,[object Object],[object Object],(Theoretical) Optimum ‘ do the best possible’ Behavioural Optimum ‘ do the best you can’ increase spatial  knowledge (memory) reduce travel  distance (energy) Optimization find the target with minimal effort exploratory strategies ?
Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Research question & hypotheses 1. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Experiment I. – Physical Environment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Makany, T., Redhead, E., & Dror, I. E. (2007). Spatial exploration patterns determine navigation efficiency: Trade-off between memory demands and distance travelled.  QJEP, 60,  1594-1602 .
Experiment I. – Physical Environment ,[object Object],[object Object],extensive exploration (higher memory demands)  shorter overall distance travelled (lower energy cost)  limited exploration (lower memory demands)  longer overall distance travelled (higher energy cost)  Makany, T., Redhead, E., & Dror, I. E. (2007). Spatial exploration patterns determine navigation efficiency: Trade-off between memory demands and distance travelled.  QJEP, 60,  1594-1602 . (n=28) (n=11) Memory Distance
Experiment I. – Physical Environment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Makany, T., Redhead, E., & Dror, I. E. (2007). Spatial exploration patterns determine navigation efficiency: Trade-off between memory demands and distance travelled.  QJEP, 60,  1594-1602 .
Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Research question & hypothesis 2. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Experiment 2. – AB Simulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Makany, T., & Makowsky, M. (submitted). Human spatial exploratory strategies in an agent-based model: Trade-off between distance and memory demands.  Spatial Cognition Conf., Freiburg (Germany).
Experiment 2. – AB Simulation ,[object Object],[object Object],extensive exploration (higher memory demands)  limited exploration (lower memory demands)  longer overall distance travelled (higher energy cost)  shorter overall distance travelled (lower energy cost)  Circular  (n=84) Axial  (n=35) Makany, T., & Makowsky, M. (submitted). Human spatial exploratory strategies in an agent-based model: Trade-off between distance and memory demands.  Spatial Cognition Conf., Freiburg (Germany). Memory Distance
Experiment 2. – AB Simulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Makany, T., & Makowsky, M. (submitted). Human spatial exploratory strategies in an agent-based model: Trade-off between distance and memory demands.  Spatial Cognition Conf., Freiburg (Germany). Memory Distance Memory Distance
Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Overall Summary RQ: What are the  cognitive  and  behavioural  factors that influence spatial exploration? - Hy1:  Humans explore novel physical environments differently, according to how they optimize their spatial cognition - Hy 2:  Humans are optimizing their explorations in terms of a trade-off - Hy3:  Human exploratory behaviour can be simulated by using simple optimization strategies  - Hy 4:  Our model reproduced the same trade-off as in humans ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ,[object Object],[object Object],increase spatial  knowledge (memory) reduce travel  distance (energy) Optimization find the target with minimal effort exploratory strategies ?
Overall Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Optimizations in Spatial Cognition:  Strategies and Trade-offs Thank you! Acknowledgements Dr. Edward Redhead – University of Southampton Dr. Itiel Dror – University of Southampton Dr.  Anne McBride – Univerisity of Southampton *T.M. was supported by the School of Psychology PhD Scholarship
Cluster Analysis Dendrogram I.
Cluster Analysis Dendrogram 2.

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Tamas Soton 2008

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