4th Lecture: JSP and such
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4th Lecture: JSP and such
- 1. Web Technologies 4th Lecture: JSP and such Σάββατο, 2 Νοεμβρίου 2013
- 2. Last Week • HTML & CSS • TCP/IP, DNS, URL, URI • HTTP and such
- 4. URL (and many other UR*s) • Uniform Resource Locators
- 5. Ports • A 16-bit number that identifies a particular program on the server hardware. • 0-1023 reserved • sys-admins control them
- 9. Static vs Dynamic content
- 10. Static vs. dynamic content
- 11. Dynamic (deep) Web • Dynamic pages don’t exist before the request comes in. • It’s like making an HTML page out of air. – request comes in, – helper app “writes” the HTML, and – web server gets it back to the client.
- 12. Common Gateway Interface (CGI) • a standard method for web servers software to delegate the generation of web pages to executable files. • Such files are known as CGI scripts – they are programs, • often stand-alone applications, • usually written in a scripting language.
- 13. example
- 14. CGI (nonJava) approach Perl, C, Python, PHP, …
- 15. What’s wrong with CGI? • Logical – Java is suppose to be the language of the internet • Performance – Light-weight – Easy thread manipulation • Productivity – J2EE
- 16. Servlet: prepare • Build a directory tree • Write the two files
- 17. Servlet: Write import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; import java.io.*; public class Ch1Servlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { Save it to Servlet.java PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); java.util.Date today = new java.util.Date(); out.println(“<html> “ + “<body>” + “<h1 align=center>HF’s Chapter1 Servlet</h1>” + “<br>” + today + “</body>” + “</html>”); } }
- 18. Servlet: deploy (1) <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”ISO-8851-1” ?> <web-app xmlns=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee” xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance” xsi:schemaLocation=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd” version=”2.4”> <servlet> <servlet-name>Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>Ch1Servlet</servlet-class> Save this </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/Serv1</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> deployment descriptor (DD) to web.xml
- 19. Servlet: deploy (2) Save your files in your file system
- 20. Servlet: deploy (3) and use • • • • Compile Transfer to Tomcat’s file system Start Tomcat Click path in your browser
- 21. But … • Stuff HTML as a string into java (println)? • Why not stuff Java into HTML (or XML)?
- 22. Web page designer Apps developer Java Server Pages JSP
- 23. What is a Container?
- 24. What a Container offers? • Help you to concentrate on your business logic than programming details – Communication – Lifecycle Management – Multithreading Support – Declarative Security – JSP Support
- 25. How the Container handles requests?
- 26. Back to the code (servlet.java) import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; import java.io.*; public class Ch1Servlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); java.util.Date today = new java.util.Date(); out.println(“<html> “ + “<body>” + “<h1 align=center>HF’s Chapter1 Servlet</h1>” + “<br>” + today + “</body>” + “</html>”); } }
- 27. Questions • Where service() comes from? • How the container finds the correct servlet? • Does the URL define where exactly the servlet is? • Possible answers – The user gives precise URL – The container’s tool does the mapping – We store the mapping to the properties table
- 28. Three different names for a servlet
- 30. Map URLs top Servlet with DD Deployment Descriptor (DD) has 2 elements <web-app ...> <servlet> <servlet-name>Internal name 1</servlet-name> <servlet-class>foo.Servlet1</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet> <servlet-name>Internal name 2</servlet-name> <servlet-class>foo.Servlet2</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Internal name 1</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/Public1</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Internal name 2</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/Public2</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
- 31. Manipulate without touching with DD • Minimizes touching source code that has already been tested. • fine-tune your app’s capabilities, even if you don’t have the source code. • adapt your application to different resources (like databases), without having to recompile and test any code. • maintain dynamic security info like access control lists and security roles. • non-programmers may modify and deploy your web applications.
- 32. Prepare Yourself • http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0doc/appdev/ • Netbeans • Stackoverflow and friends