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Akua
- 1. AKUA
- 2. KINOLAU • According to the Hawaiian dictionary, kinolau are “many forms taken by a supernatural body” (Literally: many bodies) • It is believed that when the gods tangibly manifested themselves on earth they did so in the forms of kinolau
- 3. KĀ NE • Considered to be the leading god of the 4 major gods • God of creation • Provider of sunlight, fresh water, and the life substances in nature (forests)
- 4. KĀ NE • According to Pūku`i & Elbert, there are more than 70 forms of Kāne – Kānehoalani – ruler of the heavens – Kānehūnāmoku – the hidden land or island of Kāne • Allowed no human sacrifices • The 27th night of the lunar month was sacred to him • Kāne together with Kanaloa opened springs of fresh water in dry areas
- 5. KĀ NE • Kinolau – Kō (sugarcane) – ʻŌhi`a lehua – ʻOhe (bamboo)
- 6. KŪ • Represents the male generating power • God of war and the major works of men • Lit: upright
- 7. KŪ • Elaborate luakini heiau that required the highest of gifts, that of the life of a man • According to Kamakau, there are 29 forms of Kū – Kūkā`ilimoku – snatcher of land; feathered war god of Kamehameha I – Kū`ula – god of fishermen – Kūnuiākea – Kū of the great expanse; an unseen good living in the highest heavens, and head of all the Kū gods
- 8. KŪ • Kinolau – `Ulu (breadfruit) – Niu (coconut) – `Ōhi`a – `Io (hawk)
- 9. LONO • God of peace, agriculture, and fertility • God of natural phenomena such as clouds, rain, and winds
- 10. LONO • According to Pūku`i & Elbert, there are about 50 Lono gods – Lonoikamakahiki - patron god of the Makahiki, the fall harvest festival • Heiau for Lono were set up to pray for rain and abundant crops. The offerings were products of the gardens and sometimes pigs, but never human sacrifices. • The 28th night of the lunar month is sacred to Lono
- 11. LONO • Kinolau – Pua`a (pig/hog) – Kukui (candlenut) – Kalo (taro) – Humuhumunukunukuapua`a (fish) – Ā holehole (fish) – `Uala (sweet potato)
- 12. KANALOA • God of the ocean and the ocean winds • Lit. – secure, firm, established
- 13. KANALOA • Believed that Kanaloa could heal a person who was suffering from being under a sorcerer's spell • Together with Kāne, he traveled in his human form to many parts of the island. Together, they were able to locate water in springs • Three nights of the lunar calendar are sacred to Kanaloa; nights 24-26
- 14. KANALOA • Kinolau – He`e (octopus) – `Ala`alapūloa (`uhaloa)
- 15. OTHER AKUA • Pele – goddess of volcanoes • Hina – goddess of the moon • La`amaomao – goddess of the winds • Ma`iola – god of healing • Mauliola – god of health
- 16. If you have any questions, please ask them on the Discussion Board. Mahalo!
Notas del editor
- It is based on a strong, polytheistic tradition that was the backbone of Hawaiian culture until the kapu was abolished in 1819. The entire environment – from the land, the sea, the sky, and their creatures – are suffused with meaning. Religious beliefs and practices pervaded daily life, structuring society and influencing the behavior and decisions of the kanaka maoli Natural disasters were considered clear manifestations of the gods’ displeasure.
- The kanaka maoli also believed that many natural objects – geological formations, rocks, plants, and animals were kinolau or body forms of the gods. Each of the four major gods had more than one kinolau in which they dwelled simultaneously Such manifestations include human, fish and plant forms, as well as phenomenon such as lightning, hailstones, and rainbows In these visibly earthly manifestations, the gods became a part of day to day life for the kanaka maoli
- Kānehoalani is also the name of the topmost peak in Kualoa Ridge, O`ahu
- God of the major works of men including warfare, adze making, canoe making, farming, fishing and government
- The 3 rd through the 6 th nights of the lunar month are sacred to Kū
- His presence is felt in the dark rain clouds that come in the fall, the lightning, thunder, rain and rainbows
- Lono could assume the shape of a hog or hog-man called Kamapua`a. He could cross channels as humuhumunukunukuapua`a The kukui – the leaces of the tree resemble the snout and ears of a pig Āholehole fish has a pig-like snout Taro leaves shaped like pigs ears
- His name is spelled Kāloa in naming these nights – Kāloakūkahi, Kāloakūlua & Kāloakūpau
- `ala`ala – is the liver of the octopus. The root is aspirin-like in effect when chewed and is used to treat sore throats
- There are many lesser gods and goddesses, however, many of the names have been lost since the decline of those beliefs when the kapu system was abolished in 1819. La`amaomao – She gave her son Pāka`a a wind calabash containing the bones of her mother. He could control the winds, for navigational purposes, by chanting the names of the winds Mauliola – the word means breath of life. When someone sneezes, people say Kihe a mauliola – Sneeze and live!