Verbal tenses bachillerato

1. VERBAL TENSES

2. PRESENT TENSES

3. PRESENT SIMPLE
Uses
•ROUTINES & HABITS: I play football every Saturday
•PERMANENT ACTIONS: The sun rises in the east.
•WITH STATIVE VERBS: He thinks that his proposal is a good one.
STATIVE VERBS:

5. Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic:
Appear
Jack appears to be tired today
She’s appearing on a TV show today.
Be
be is usually a stative verb, but when it is used in the continuous it means 'behaving' or 'acting'
you are stupid = it's part of your personality
you are being stupid = only now, not usually
Feel
feel (stative) = have an opinion: I feel that Mr. Peters is a good teacher.
I’m feeling a little tired today.

6. Have
have (stative) = own : I have a car
have (dynamic) = part of an expression : I'm having a party / a picnic / a bath / a good time / a
break
Look
It looks cold outside
She’s looking out the window
See
see (stative) = see with your eyes / understand : I see what you mean / I see her now, she's just
coming along the road
see (dynamic) = meet / have a relationship with: I've been seeing my boyfriend for three years
Smell
Something smells bad. What is it?
Anne is smelling the perfume to see if she wants to buy it.
Taste
taste (stative) = has a certain taste : This soup tastes great
taste (dynamic) = the action of tasting : The chef is tasting the soup
('taste' is the same as other similar verbs such as 'smell')
Think
think (stative) = have an opinion: I think that coffee is great
think (dynamic) = consider, have in my head: “what are you thinking about?” “I'm thinking about
my next holiday”

7. Time expressions
EXPRESSIONS OF FREQUENCY:
I play tennis_____________
Once / twice / three times... a day / week / month / year…
On Mondays...
Everyday / Every… Monday / August / year / class…
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY:
I __________ play tennis.
I don’t ____________ play tennis.
I am _____________ tired.
ALWAYS / USUALLY / OFTEN / SOMETIMES / HARDLY EVER / ALMOST NEVER/
NEVER

8. Structure
(+) VERB / VERB –S / -ES* (3rd person singular = he / she / it)
I play tennis / She dances a lot
* verb finishes in.... –O : go / goES -S: kiss / kissES
-CH: watch / watchES -X: fix / fixES
-SH: wash / washES - Z: buzz / buzzES
* Verb finishes in consonant + y: cry / crIES
BUT ... if a verb finishes in vowel + y: play / playS
(-) DON’T / DOESN’T + VERB
I don’t play tennis / She doesn’t dance a lot
(?) DO / DOES + SUBJECT + VERB...?
Do you play tennis ? Yes , I do / No, I don’t.
Does she dance a lot? Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t.

9. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Uses
•THINGS THAT ARE HAPPENING NOW ( I’m explaining Present Continuous)
•TEMPORARY THINGS (I’m living in Lleida, only this summer)
•FUTURE PLANS (I’m having dinner with Joe next Friday)
Time expressions
NOW / RIGHT NOW / AT THE MOMENT / THIS MOMENT
TONIGHT
TODAY
THIS YEAR
AT PRESENT / PRESENTLY
TOMORROW / NEXT WEEK
You aren’t listening to me now.

10. Structure
VERB TO BE + VERB-ING Yo estoy cantando = I am singing
He is singing They are listening.
He isn’t singing They aren’t listening
Is he singing? Yes , he is / No he isn’t
Are they listening? Yes, they are / No, they aren’t.
SPELLING – ING:
1)Verbs which end in –e : the –e disappears
Write : writeing / writING
2)Verbs which end in –y
Play: playING
Cry: cryING
3)Verbs which end in CONS + VOW + CONS (tonic syllable)
Stop: stoPPING Cut: cuTTING

11. PAST TENSES

12. PAST SIMPLE
Uses
•An specific event which took place in the past. It’s ended
I drove to the beach on 24th
April.
•Sequence of past complete events: We arrived at the airport and checked in.

13. Time expressions
YESTERDAY
LAST year
three days AGO
IN 1982
IN THE 19TH
CENTURY
WHEN
THEN

14. Structure
(+) VERB –ED (regular verbs) * // VERB in 2nd
column form (irregular verbs)
I played tennis / She drove her car.
* SPELLING OF –ED:
-Verb which ends in CONS + VOW + CONS (tonic syllable) Stop: stoPPed
- Verb finishes in consonant + y: cry / crIED
BUT ... if a verb finishes in vowel + y: play / playED
- Verb ends in silent –e : just add –D like / likeD
(-) DIDN’T + VERB
I didn’t play tennis / She didn’t drive her car.
(?) DID+ SUBJECT + VERB...?
Did you play tennis? Yes , I did / No, I didn’t
Did she drive her car ? Yes, she did / No, she didn’t.

15. Verb to be past form
WAS (1st & 3rd person singular ) / WERE (2nd person singular & 1st, 2nd and 3rd person plural)
She WAS my teacher
She WASN’T my teacher
WAS she my teacher? Yes, she was / No, she wasn’t.
They WERE her students / They WEREN’T their students /
WERE they their students? Yes, they were / No, they weren’t

16. PAST CONTINUOUS
Uses
•An incomplete action in progress (usually interrupted by another action)
I was having a shower when the phone rang
•Two incomplete actions taking place at the same time in the past.
I was having a shower while my sister was talking on the phone.

17. Time expressions
WHILE / AS + PAST CONTINUOUS
WHEN + PAST SIMPLE
WHILE / AS I was having a shower, the phone rang.
The phone rang WHILE / AS I was having a shower.
WHEN the phone rang , I was having a shower.
I was having a shower WHEN the phone rang.

18. Structure
VERB TO BE in the PAST+ VERB-ING Yo estaba cantando = I was singing
He was singing They were listening.
He wasn’t singing They weren’t listening
Was he singing? Yes , he was / No he wasn’t
Were they listening? Yes, they were / No, they weren’t.
SPELLING – ING:
1)Verbs which end in –e : the –e disappears
Write : writeing / writing
2) Verbs which end in –y
Play: playing
Cry: crying
3)Verbs which end in CONS + VOW + CONS (tonic syllable)
Stop: stoPPing Cut: cuTTing

19. PRESENT PERFECT TENSES
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
VERB HAVE (HAVE / HAS)+ VERB in the past participle (-ed / 3rd
column)
Yo he conducido una moto = I have driven a motorbike
He has bought a car. They have bought a car.
He hasn’t bought a car. They haven’t bought a car.
Has he bought a car? Yes , he has / No he hasn’t
Have they bought a car? Yes, they have / No, they haven’t.
VERB HAVE (HAVE / HAS)+ BEEN + VERB-ing
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Yo he estado conduciendo una moto = I have been driving a motorbike
He has been buying a car. They have been buying a car.
He hasn’t been buying a car. They haven’t been buying a car.
Has he been buying a car? Yes , he has / No he hasn’t
Have they been buying a car? Yes, they have / No, they haven’t.

20. Uses
1) Something that started in the past and continues in the present (or maybe its
consequences continue)
They’ve been married for nearly fifty years.
She has lived in Liverpool all her life.
I’ve had the flu (and I’m still ill…)
2) For something we have done several times in the past and continue to do.
I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
He has written 3 books and he is working on another one.
•We often use a clause with since to show when something started in the past:
They’ve been staying with us since last week

21. 3) When we are talking about our past experiences (don’t mention when they
happened)
Have you ever eaten snails?
I’ve never played badminton.
I ‘ve travelled to New York and London vs I travelled to Paris last summer.
!! “Where’s Maria?” “She’s gone to Paris for a week.” (She’ll be back tomorrow)
I’ve been to Italy on holiday. It was great. (I’m already back)
4) A recent action in the past
I’ve just had a sandwich.

22. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE vs CONTINUOUS
1)I’ve painted the living room blue. (focus on the finished result. The activity is
finished but we can see the results now).
I’ve been decorating the house this summer. (focus on the action and the
action is unfinished)
2) I’ve read that book you lent me. I finished it yesterday. (completion idea)
I’ve been reading that book you lent me. I’ve got another 50 pages to read.
(something is unfinished)
3)She’s written 10 messages. (How much / many…?)
She’s been writing emails for 3 hours. (How long…?)
4) !! I’ve worked here for 30 years.( How long…? BUT it’s a permanent situation)
I usually work in London but I’ve been working in Birmingham for the last 3
weeks.
( How long…? It’s a permanent situation)

23. 5) An explanation for something by referring to a past action or event.
I’ve got an A in the exam because I’ve been studying for months
6) A recent activity that was repeated and is relevant now.
Debbie is a good tennis player. She’s been playing tennis since she was four.

24. Time expressions
•EVER (?): Have you ever driven a car?
•NEVER : I’ve never driven a car.
•HOW LONG (‘?): How long have you lived here?
•SINCE : I haven’t smoked since 2010.
•FOR : I haven’t smoke for four years.
•STILL (-) :’ I still haven’t found what I’m looking for.
• (ONLY) JUST : I’ve just bought a car.
•RECENTLY : I’ve seen Mamma Mia! recently.
•LATELY: She hasn’t posted any updates lately.
•ALREADY (+): I’ve already bought my new car.
•YET (-/?): I haven’t bought a car yet.

25. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
Uses
1)An action that happened before another action in the past.
By the time he was 20, he had already done a world tour.
Structure
VERB HAD + VERB in the past participle (-ed / 3rd
column)
Yo había conducido una moto = I had driven a motorbike
He had bought a car.
They hadn’t bought a car.
Had she bought a car? Yes , she had. / No, she hadn’t.

26. Time expressions
•ALREADY
•YET
•BY THE TIME
•AFTER
•BEFORE
•UNTIL
•JUST
•WHEN
•AS SOON AS.

28. FUTURE TENSES

29. WILL
Uses
1- Instant decisions:
- I’m celebrating my birthday party next Friday. Would you like to come?
Yes, I’ll go to your birthday party. Thanks.
2- Predictions / based in what we think (= opinions)
I think it won’t rain in the evening
3- Promises and offers:
Mum, I promise I’ll behave better.
Don’t worry, I’ll go and buy some food for you.
4.- Future events in a timetable.
The session will start at 2 o’clock. Don’t be late!

30. Will is often used with:

31. 1- Future plans and intentions:
I'm going to buy a new laptop computer next week
2- Predictions based in what we can see at the moment (evidence):
Look at that car! it is going to crash into the lamp post
BE GOING TO
Uses

32. Structure
will + verb
(+) :I will travel to Madrid in October
( - ) : I will not travel to Jaca this summer.
( ? ) : Will you travel by bus? Yes, I will / No, I won’t.
verb to be + going to + verb
(+) : I am going to travel by plane
( - ) : He is not going to travel by plane
( ? ) : Are they going to travel by plane? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t

33. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Uses
1- Definite plans in the near future:
I'm having lunch with my friends next Friday at 10 o’clock.
PRESENT SIMPLE
Uses
1- Events which are part of a timetable:
The train leaves at 11:30.

34. Time expressions
• THIS EVENING
•TOMORROW
•SOON
•LATER
•IN THE FUTURE
•NEXT WEEK
•THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW
•IN A MINUTE
•IN SEVERAL DAYS
•IN THE YEAR 2020

35. FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Uses
1- An action in progress in an specific time in the future:
At this time next year, he will be studying engineering.
2-An action which will continue over a specific period of time in the future
We’ll be dancing at the club all evening.

36. FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
Uses
1- A completed action at a specific moment in the future:
I will have started my new job by this time tomorrow.
* The time expression introduced with by explains when the specific moment will be.

37. Time expressions
• BY / AT THIS TIME NEXT WEEK
•BY JULY
•TOMORROW
•SOON
•LATER
•IN THE FUTURE
•NEXT WEEK
•THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW
•IN A MINUTE
•IN SEVERAL DAYS
•IN THE YEAR 2020

38. Structure
will + have + verb past participle
(+) : They will have run out of food by then.
( - ) :They won’t have run out of food by then.
( ? ) : Will they have run out of food by then? Yes, they will / No, they won’t.
will + be+ verb-ing
(+) : I ‘ll be travelling by plane
( - ) : I won’t be travelling by plane
( ? ) : Will you be travelling by plane? Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.