The Great West and the Rise of the Debtor

1. US HISTORY: GOAL 4

2. Do Now

Respond to the following:
Have you ever moved?
For what reasons did you
move? Where you
nervous? Why?

3. Migration, Immigration,
and Emigration

1) Partner up.
2) Separate from other
groups.
3) DO NOT distract or
talk to other groups.
4) Partner read the
article.

4. Push and Pull Factors

1) On your post it:
2) Partner 1 – create list of things you think are push
factors (factors that lead someone to move).
3) Partner 2 – create a list of things you think are pull
factors (factors that draw someone to a new land).
4) Discuss as a class.

5. Push and Pull Factors

A. Push Factors:
- Effects of the Civil War,
Irish Immigration,
making a claim in the
nation.

6. Push and Pull Factors

B. Pull Factors:
- Silver and gold,
railroads, government
support for settlers.

7. American Interests

C. California Gold Rush
(1848):
- Gold found at Sutter’s
Mill in California,
people flock to strike it
rich.

8. American Interests

C. Comstock Lode:
- Largest silver discovery
in U.S. History.
Brought thousands of
prospectors to Nevada.

9. American Interests

D. Homestead Act:
- Federal law of 1862 that
granted 160 acres of
land to any settler
agreeing to cultivate it
for 5 years.

10. American Interests

E. Morrill Land Grant
Act of 1862:
- Civil War legislation
that granted land to
states loyal to the
Union for establishing
agricultural colleges.

11. American Interests

F. Hatch Act:
- Developed new
farming methods.

12. American Interests

G. Oklahoma Land Rush:
- U.S. granted land in
Indian Territory to
settlers and supported a
race.
- Settlers become known
as “sooners.”

13. American Interests

H. Exodusters:
- Thousands of African
Americans who took
advantage of the Land
Rush.

14. American Interests

I. Mormons:
- Sought religious
freedom in West.
- Members of the Church
of Latter Day Saints.
- Founded by Joseph
Smith.

15. American Interests

J. Joseph Smith:
- Founder of the
Mormons.

16. American Interests

K. Brigham Young:
- Led Mormons after
Joseph Smith was
killed.
- Brought Mormons to
Utah.

17. Homestead Act Analysis

1) Read the Homestead
Act individually.
2) Complete an
APPARTS analysis of
it.
3) Answer the questions
after the reading.
A – Author
P – Place and Time
P – Prior Knowledge
A – Audience
R – Reason
T – The Main Idea
S - Significance

18. Oklahoma Land Rush
Simulation

1) Line up at door
QUIETLY.
2) QUIETLY walk down
hall out to grass area
near gym.
3) Wait for further
instruction.
But First!!!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxaJ
Y8UZxn4

19. Exit Ticket

On a sheet of paper create
a cause and effect chart
describing what caused
migration to the West and
what the effects of this
migration were.

20. Do Now

Look at the picture on the
right and answer the
following questions:
1) What do you see?
2) What does it mean?
3) How do you know?

21. Indians

A. Plains Indians:
- Lived on Great
American plain,
nomadic, relied on
horse and buffalo,
communal living,
shared land.

22. Indians

B. Buffalo:
- Hunting and tourism
kill off buffalo
population.
- Indians had relied on
buffalo for food and
goods.

23. Indians

C. Treaties:
- Treaties with Native
Americans were
broken.

24. Indians

D. Battle of Fallen
Timbers:
- 1794: Major battle in
which General
Anthony Wayne
defeated Shawnee,
Wyandot, and other
Native American
peoples in northwest
Ohio.

25. Indians

E. Treaty of Greenville:
- 1796: Indians agree to
give up most of Ohio
for $20,000 and a yearly
sum of $10,000.
- U.S. gains control of
Northwest Territory.

26. Indians

F. Tecumseh:
- Indian Chief and
brother “The Prophet”
warn the only way for
Native Americans to
keep land is to form a
Native American
confederacy.

27. Indians

G. Reservations:
- U.S. government starts
forcing Indians onto
reservations.
- Promises to payment and
supplies but does not
deliver.
- Leads to uprisings.

28. Indian Wars

H. Massacre at Sand
Creek, 1864:
- John Chivington leads
Army unit in massacre
of Cheyenne tribe.

29. Indian Wars

I.
Fetterman’s Massacre,
1866:
- Fetterman’s small army
band crushed by
Sitting Bull, Crazy
Horse, and Red Cloud’s
warriors.

30. Indian Wars

J. Little Bighorn, 1876:
- Sioux defend land
promised to them.
- Army sends George
Custer.
- He and his men are all
killed by Crazy Horse
and Sitting Bull’s men.
(Custer’s Last Stand).

31. Indian Wars

K. Buffalo Soldiers:
- African American
regiment that fought
against Native
Americans.

32. Indian Wars

L. Nez Perce Indians:
- Led by Chief Joseph.
- Chased by the army for
over a thousand miles
before being captured.
- “I will fight no more
forever.”

33. End of Indian Culture

M. “Century of
Dishonor:”
- Helen Hunt Jackson.
- Unveiled treatment of
Native Americans.

34. End of Indian Culture

N. Assimilation:
- Forcing Native
Americans to adopt
white culture.
- Supported by many
people.

35. End of Indian Culture

O. Dawes Act:
- Passed in 1887
- 160 acres to each
family.
- Most land will be taken.
- Sent to boarding
schools.

36. End of Indian Culture

P. Ghost Dance
Movement:
- Sioux spiritual dance.
- Protection from whites.
- Dance was outlawed.

37. Carlisle School

Watch the clip.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfRH
qWCz3Zw
1) What do you see?
2) What does it mean?
3) How do you know?

38. Ghost Dance

Watch the Clip
http://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=7PQj-NHp83A
1) What do you see?
2) What does it mean?
3) How do you know?

39. Photo Analysis

1) Partner up
2) Separate from other
partners.
3) DO NOT talk to or
distract other partners.
4) Look at the photos and
answer the questions
on the right for each.
1) What is this a photo of?
2) What does it say about
life in the west?
3) What evidence do you
have to defend your
answer?

40. Exit Ticket

Respond to the following:
What led people to settle
in the West and how did
the decision affect those
who were already there?

41. Do Now

Do Now
Look at the picture on the
right and answer the
following.
1) What do you see?
2) What does it mean?
3) How do you know?

42. Life in the West

A. Open Range:
- Great Plains area.
- No boundaries to man
or cattle.
- Low population.

43. Life in the West

B. Demand for Food:
- Urban populations
demanded more food.
- Cattle drives to meet
railroads.

44. Life in the West

C. Chisholm Trail:
- Trail used by cowboys
to drive cattle to rail
yards.
D. Abilene:
- Major stop on trail.

45. Life in the West

E. Long Drive:
- Movement of cattle by
cowboys that lasted for
months.

46. Life in the West

F. Barbed Wire:
- Ends the open range.
- Cattle can be contained.

47. Life in the West

G. Sod Houses:
- Homes built out of
grass and mud on
plains.
- Settlers faced extreme
weather, drought, and
isolation.

48. Life in the West

H. Bonanza Farms:
- Huge single crop farms.
- Often led to poor soil,
high debts.

49. Life in the West

I. Decline of Farming:
- Industry rises, cities
urbanize, the frontier
closes, debts rise, and
railroads charge
outrageous prices.

50. Railroads and Populism

A. Transcontinental
Railroad:
- Union Pacific and
Central Pacific.
- Meet at Promontory
Point, Utah.
- Chinese and Irish
mostly build.

51. Railroads and Populism

B. Pullman Sleeper Cars:
- Allow for overnight
travel on railroads.

52. Railroads and Populism

C. Rebates:
- Money given back to a
consumer of railroad
services.
- Preferred one customer
over the other.

53. Railroads and Populism

D. Long Haul/Short Haul:
- Charged more for
shipment between two
lines on a track than
sending goods down
the whole track.

54. Railroads and Populism

E. Grangers:
- Called for regulation of
railroads.
- “Granger Laws” State
laws that regulated
railroad abuses.
- Currency reform.

55. Railroads and Populism

F. Munn v. Illinois:
- Railroads challenge
Granger laws.
- States regulate
railroads.

56. Railroads and Populism

G. Wabash Case:
- Denies state’s right to
regulate interstate
commerce.
- Leads to ICC.

57. Railroads and Populism

H. Interstate Commerce
Commission:
- Wabash Case convinces
Congress to pass ICC.
- Federal government
regulates railroads.

58. Railroads and Populism

I.
Gold Bugs:
- Favor gold as currency.
- Loaners and
Businessmen.
J. Silverites:
-Favor silver as currency.
- Debtors, famers, laborers.

59. Railroads and Populism

K. Populism:
- Takes place of the
Grange.
- Strong Midwest
support.
- Reform based.

60. Railroads and Populism

L. Omaha Platform:
-
Increase $ supply.
Income tax.
Secret ballots.
8 hour workday.
Immigration control.

61. Railroads and Populism

M. Panic of 1893:
- Nation enters recession.
- Greenbacks issued
based on silver and
gold reserves.

62. Railroads and Populism

N. Election of 1896:
- William McKinley v.
William Jennings
Bryan.
- Gold v. Silver.

63. Railroads and Populism

O. Cross of Gold Speech:
- Delivered by Bryan.
- McKinley wins election
and Populism dies.

64. Grange Image Analysis

1) Take a minutes to look at the photo on the next
slide.
2) When you see something you recognize or have
something to say about raise your hand to come to
the board and point it out.
3) We will discuss as we go along.

66. Gold Bugs v. Silverites

1) Take some time to look over your notes.
2) Fill in Gold Bugs v. Silverites chart with your notes.

67. Cross of Gold Speech

1) Listen to the recording.
2) Jot down anything you recognize or notice about the
speech.
3) We will discuss afterward.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeTkT5-w5RA