Dave Keith Becca

1. Day 2 - Early
Federal Period
Group A: Becca McGarry, David Ha, and
Keith Locket

2. Question
To what extent was the election of 1800 aptly
named the "Revolution of 1800"? Respond
with reference to TWO of the following areas:
• Economics
• Foreign policy
• Judiciary
• Politics

3. Thesis
The election of 1800s saw a peaceful transition of power from federalists
to republicans, ultimately granting more power to the people.
possible signposts:
-peaceful transition of economics by maintaining Hamiltonian system
-new judicial powers (judicial review) under Marshall court
-new methods of conducting foreign affairs (Barbary Wars/Embargo)

4. Economics
• Absorbing the Federalist Economics
o Hamiltonian economics left intact
 Only excise tax removed
 peaceful transition from Fed => Rep
• Hamiltonian Economics(review)
o govt. assumes public & state debts
o establishing national bank
o encourage growth of manufacturing
 through subsidies & tariffs
• Albert Gallatin
o new secretary of treasury
o reduced national debt substantially

5. Foreign Policy
• Barbary Wars
o Pirates of the North African
Barbary States were
looting American ships.
o Jefferson was a non-
interventionist and tried to
avoid war but could not in
the end.
o He sent his navy, which
was still very small, to the
shores of Tripoli and fought
for four years until peace

6. Foreign Policy
• Peaceful Coercion
o The Embargo Act of 1807 was a way of avoiding war
between British and French.
o Since the British and French were both very dependant
on the US for raw materials, Jefferson used embargo as
an alternative to war. He thought that if the US cut off
good to any outside countries, Britain and France would
be force to respect America.
o The embargo cut off all good to from the US whether in
American or foreign ships. This decision would enforce
Jefferson's concept of "peaceful coercion" and it would

7. Judiciary
• The Marshall Court:
o Midnight Judges
 Adams appointed new federal judges just before his
term as president was up.
o Marbury v. Madison 1803
 Marbury sued for the delivery of his commission.
o Judicial Review
 Marshall in his ruling of the case deemed the Judicial
act of 17__ to be unconstitutional, therefore giving the
Supreme Court the power of judicial review.
 Judicial Review means that the SC can now review

8. Politics
• Two separate parties:
o Federalists
 Upper class
o Republicans
 Party for the people
• Adams vs Jefferson
o President= Adams
o Vice president= Jefferson

9. Politics (Cont.)
• Adams
o Turned people against federalists with:
 Alien and Sedition Acts
 Refusal to officially go to war with France
• Smear campaign
o Republicans
 Exploited Alexander Hamilton's
pamphlet attacking Adams
o Federalists
 Accused Jefferson of:
• Stealing a widow's trust
fund
• Being the father of mulatto
children
• Being an Atheist