2. *POLLEN ALLERGY*
Mehwish Noreen(031)
M.Sc. -4th

3. An
abnormally
High
sensitivity
towards
pollens is
called Pollen
Allergy
&
nasal allergy

4. POLLEN IS VERY FINE POWDER
THAT COMES
MOSTLY FROM;
 Trees
 Grasse
s
 Flower
s
 weeds

5. HOW THEY REACH
TO
HUMANS??
Wind and birds
carry this pollen
from plant to plant
to
Fertilize them. When
people who have a
pollen allergy get
them by inhalation.
Make it to contact

6. Allergy variation
in accord
to pollen origin
people can be allergic to different
types of pollen.
For instance, some are allergic
to pollen from only beech trees, other are
allergic to pollen from only certain
kinds of grasses.

7. SIZE OFPOLLEN
GRAIN
Pollen
grains
Can be as
large as
about 90-
100

8. The tendency to
develop
allergies is
Often heredity,
which means it
can be passed
down through
your genes.
However, just
because a
parent or
subling might

9. Plants that usually
cause allergy
Weeds
I. pigweed
II. Sagebr
ush
III. Tumble
weeds
Trees
I. Beech
II. Birch
Grasses
I. Redtop
II. Rye
III. Johnson

10. Pollen count
Pollen counts give the number of grains of pollen in a certain
amount of air in a set time period(usually 24 hours). The pollen is
measured for specific plants such as grasses, oak trees and
cottonwood trees. Pollen counts change with the weather (rain,
humidity, sun and wind) and time of day; for example, they are
usually higher on warm, breezy day and lower on chilly, wet days.
Some places give a total pollen count rather than pollen counts of
specific plants. A high total pollen count doesn’t mean you will
have allergy symptoms. The pollen from the pant you are allergic
to may not be high.

11. SYMPTOMS OF POLLENALLERGY
 Running nose
 Nasal congestion
 Sneezing
 Vomiting
 Diarrhea
 Abdominal pain
 Head ache
 Difficulty in breathing
 Wheezing
 Tightness in chest
 Cough and a discharge from the back of
the nose in to the throat
 Red and itchy eyes
 Watery eyes
 Itching on the skin
 Skin rashes
 Some people will complain that their food
has lost taste or cannot smell their food

12. Causative seasons
Vary according to places.
 Islamabad
in month of march there is a difference in intensity of symptoms of allergy in
different people
 Punjab & Hazara
from June till mid of September
 Lahore
Ordinary grasses cause the allergy. But due to pollution the vegetation in Lahore
is decreasing day by day therefore the possibility of this grass to cause allergy
can be ruled out.
 Karachi
American grass is responsible for causing allergy in Karachi. There could be
other factors as well but research is being done to find them
 Central Pakistan
The place where wheat is cultivated, allergy is cause by the threshers used to
thresh wheat. The small particles of wheat cause allergy.

13. Mechanisms behind
pollenosis1. pollen allergens(antigens) are released in the air and reach the air
ways and so the mucosa
2. Once in the blood stream of mucosa the antigens are taken up by cells
of immune system(antigen-presenting-cells =APC), broken down into
bits and bound to specific proteins called AHL to be “presented” at the
cell surface.
3&4. these APCs stimulates B andTh2 cells to produce the antigen-binding
protein.
5. Th2 cells stimulates the B cell.
6. To make even more antigen-binding protein.
7. B cell in het blood plasma secretes antigen-binding protein(IgE).
8. By B cell secreted antigen-binding proteins bind to surface of mast
cells( also called mastocyte).
9. Therefore the mast cells become more sensitive to antigens.
10. After the mast cell has bound antigen it produces vesicles with
histamine and other hormones.
11. The histamine is released and caused an allergic reaction.

15. DIAGNOSIS OF POLLENALLERGY
• Blood test: :
are taken to diagnose
the pollen allergy. This
blood test is known as
RAST
(radioallergorbenttest)
• Skin test: :
are also taken to
diagnose the pollen
allergy. Doctor injects
different types of pollen
in the skin of the
person and sees the
reaction. If skin swells,
becomes red or rashes
appear doctor confirms
that the patient is
allergic to that type of

16. Treatment of
pollen allergy
Pollen allergy can be treated in the
Following three ways:
1. Avoiding the allergen
2. Medication of symptoms
3. Injection therapy

17. AVOIDING THEALLERGY
 Close your windows and outside
doors
 Avoid using window and attic fans
during pollen season. Use air-
conditioning to cool your home.
 Roll up your car windows when
driving. Use the air-conditioning, if
you need it.
 Dry clothing and bedding in the
dryer. Don’t hang them out.
 Remember that pets can bring in
pollen on their fur, too. Don’t allow
pets that spend time outdoors in
your bedroom.
 Wear mask and gloves

18. Medication of
symptoms Antihistamine tablets or syrups(non-sedating) help sneeze, itch
and irritating eyes, but they are not as effective in controlling severe nasal
blockage and dribble. The advantage of antihistamine is their flexibility; you
can take them when you have problems and avoid them when you are well.
Antihistamine eye drops can also be helpful in controlling watery eyes due to
allergies.
 Intranasal Corticosteroid Nasal
Spray(INCS) a potent action on inflammation when use regularly.
Decongestant sprays unblock and dry the nose, but should not be used for
more then a few days as they can cause long term problems in the nose
 Decongestant tablets unblock and dry the nose, but should
be used which caution as they can have “stimulant "side effects like tremors,
trouble sleeping, anxiety or an increase in blood pressure. People with high
blood pressure should not take this medication. Appropriate management of
“pollen asthma” includes commensing anti-inflammatory asthma
medication either preventatively or with the first wheeze of spring. Some
patients undergoing immunotherapy for their allergic rhinitis find that their
seasonal asthma improves as well.

20. INJECTIONTHERAPY
Immunotherapy is long term
treatment option.
Medicines only reduce the
severity of symptoms. They
do not cure it. Where by one
try to switch off the allergic
reaction by repeatedly small
doses of allergen extracts,
by injection or sublingual
drops.
Both are long term
treatments, which are often
give over a few years.
Immunotherapy should only
be initiated by a medical
specialist (allergist/clinical
immunologist)

21. WAY TO EASE YOURALLERGIES
NATURALLY
 Fight back with folic
acid
 Make a clean sweep
 Kick off your shoes
 Wipe down your
dogs
 Work out at dusk,
not dawn
 Spice thing up
 Pick up a neti pot
 Stay sneeze-free
 Pucker up
 Vitamin C
 Clean their with
HEPA Filter.

22. Conclusion
We can’t remove pollen from
our environment
but still there are some drugs
that lessens the severity
and some remedies to avoid
Pollen allergy.