1. • Veterinary Gastrointestinal surgery
(Part-III)
• Presented by
• Dr. Rekha Pathak
• Senior scientist , IVRI
The photographs have been collected from
different sources i.e. Internet, text books
etc

2. G. neoplasm
• Avg. age 8 y
• Alimentary tract: oral
cavity – rarely in
stomach
• Persistent vomiting
unrelated to eating

3. • Within the antrum on the lesser
curvature
• Metastasis: liver, lungs, spleen
• Leiomyoma/ rhabdomyosarcoma/
polyps (solitary or multiple)

4. • Polyps – due to
sharp fragment of
bones- resting for
long in antrum -
injure mucosa –
herniation of sub
mucosa
• Clinical signs;
anorexia

5. • Loss of wt.
Obstructing
gastric out flow
• Normal
peristalsis is
interfered
• Anemia
• Abd. Pain

6. • Emesis unrelated to
ingestion of food /water
• Melena
• palpation
• Exploratory laparotomy

7. • RG: contrast – filling
defect

8. • Endoscope
• Ultrasonography
• Adenocarcinoma:
most common
• Sex predilection for
males
• Treatment
• Chemotherapy: not
successful

9. • Surgical
• Gastrectomy: Partial
gastrectomy is done
• Removal of any portion of
the stomach and up to
(30-40%) in antrectomy
• Partial gastrectomy –
40-70%
• Subtotal gastrectomy : 70-
90%
• Antrectomy: reconstruction-
gastroduodenostomy
(bilroth I ) or
gastrojejunostomy(II)

10. • Two variations of partial
gastrectomy
• A-C : stay sutures are
placed to elevate the
stomach and to minimize
leakage
• Necrotic tissue is excised
with a rim of viable tissue
• A two layer inverting
closure is used
• D-I : atraumatic forceps
are placed across viable
tissue and necrotic tissue
is excised

11. • The stomach body is
subsequently closed with
a parker- Kerr line
• The first inverting layer
suture is placed over the
clamps
• Remove clamps, pull and
invert the suture line
• Second inverting suture
row

12. • End to end
anastomosis of
stomach

13. • Bilroth II –
performed if more
radical gastrectomy
is required, if there
is excessive
duodenal
involvement or
both

14. Bloat
• Bloat : Major problems- GIT – cattle and
buffaloes
• Higher in buffaloes
• Acute/chronic
• Gaseous bloat – free gas - dorsal part of
rumen
• Frothy bloat – gas trapped with ingesta-
dispersed throughout the rumen content

15. • Acute: rapid feeding and sudden diet
change – large ruminants
• s. ruminants – large quantities of grain
ingestion/cereals
• More pressure on diaphragm –
hypoventilation and red. Venous return to
the heart

16. • signs: bulge on Para lumbar fossa
• Abdominal distension
• Cyanotic mm
• v. serious – lying down – asphyxiated –
open mouth- protruded tongue and
tachycardia

17. • Treatment: puncture wall – left side with
trocar and canula
• if frothy – antifoaming agents – turpentine
oil (80ml) + mustard oil (500-1000 ml)
• antifroth prepn. – bloatosil
• gives immediate relief to ailing animal
• avoid conc. – 2-3 days and leguminous
fodder

18. • Resort to rumenotomy / rumenostomy
• S. animal: IV- RL or oral soda bicarb
• Chronic bloat: TRP (FBS) – reticuloperitonitis/
fibrinous pneumonia – pleuritis involving the
vagus nerve
• Liver abscess, splenic cyst and abscess, enlarged
mediastinal lymph nodes, pyloric stenosis
• Rumen fistulation / rumenotomy can be done

19. • Rumen fistulation:
• Anesthesia and
surgical prepn.:
standing position
• Sternal recumb. –
Camel
• Left Para lumbar fossa
• Circular area – ventral
to transverse process
of lumbar vertebrae-
approx 10 cm dia.-
infiltrated

20. • A circular piece of
skin (4cm) –
removed to expose
the underlying
abdominal mus.
• Bluntly dissect and
expose rumen –
grasp – pulled in a
cone fashion to the
skin surface

21. • Anchor with 4
horizontal
mattress suture
through rumen
and skin

22. • Remove central
portion of rumen
• Incised edge of
rumen is sutured to
the skin with simple
interrupted and non-
absorbable
• Alternately – all the
layers – apply
interrupted mattress
sutures in circular rim

23. • Rumenotomy:
• Indications: FB,
ruminal impaction,
bloat, atony of
omasum or
abomasum
• Inverted L – block
• Local infiltration
along line of
incision

24. • Para vertebral
block
• Surgical technique:
20 cm incision-
middle of tuber
coxae and last rib
5 cm ventral to
lumbar process

25. • Caudal to last rib
(close to reticulum)
• Esp. in deep
bodied animals

26. • Anchor rumen to
the incision to
avoid
contamination of
abdominal m. and
peritoneum

27. • Continuous inverting
pattern – non-
absorbable

28. • Alternatively use
weingarts ring
(quicker)
• Incise rumen with
scalpel

29. • Evacuate and
explore for FB in
reticulum and
remove
• Try to feel for
abscess in reticular
area
• Reticulum is swept
with a magnet to
retrieve the iron FB
• Rumen cud + soda
bicarb= mineral oil