Presentation from a one-hour webinar hosted by the LowCVP on the technical and environmental characteristics of the EU passenger car fleet. Based on data from the ICCT's 2011 pocketbook of European vehicle market statistics. Down that report at <http: />

1. Technical and environmental
properties of EU cars and vans
Dr. Peter Mock
Senior Researcher, Regional Lead Europe
February 15, 2012
LowCVP webinar

2. About the ICCT
Who we are and what we do …
 Independent nonprofit organization
 Provide first-rate, unbiased research and technical
scientific analysis to environmental regulators
 Improve the environmental performance and energy
efficiency of road, marine, and air transportation
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3. About the ICCT
Who we are and what we do …
3

4. About the ICCT
Who we are and what we do …
For more details, see:
o http://www.theicct.org/about-icct
o Including video clips and broschure
4

5. The “Pocketbook”
Just released …
Download:
o http://www.theicct.org/european-vehicle-market-statistics
o Email for print copy: peter@theicct.org
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6. The “Pocketbook”
What is it? And why do we need it?
 Since 2009 / 2011 EU CO2 performance standards
for passenger cars and vans
 First set of “official” CO2 monitoring data available
from European Environmental Agency:
http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/co2-
cars-emission
 A good example for comprehensive collection of
statistical data see US Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA):
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/fetrends.htm
 ICCT “Pocketbook” to provide more details than
currently available, but not to be considered
official data!
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7. The “Pocketbook”
What are the data sources?
 ICCT-internal database based on data from:
– R. L. Polk (commercial database)
– UK Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
– German Kraftfahrtbundesamt (KBA)
– Automobil Revue magazine (Switzerland)
– Manufacturers and suppliers
 Data compiled by ICCT staff, with assistance from
Ökopol Institute (Germany).
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8. New vehicle registrations in Europe
Cars: by Member State
100%
16 Others
90% EU-12
New passenger cars – Market share EU-27 (in 2010)
14 Austria
80% Netherlands
Others
New passenger cars – Registrations [million]
Belgium
12 EU-12
70% Spain
Austria
Netherlands
Belgium Italy
10 60%
Spain
8 Italy 50%
United Kingdom
40%
6 United Kingdom
30% France
4 France
20%
2
Germany 10% Germany
0 0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 2-1: New passenger cars: Registrations by Member State
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9. New vehicle registrations in Europe
Cars: by brand
16 100%
Mercedes-Benz
BMW
90% Audi
14
New passenger cars – Market share EU-27 (in 2010)
Opel
New passenger cars - Registrations [million]
Mercedes-Benz 80%
BMW Citroën
12 Audi
Fiat
Opel 70%
Citroën Peugeot
10
Fiat 60%
Ford
Peugeot
8 50%
Ford Renault
Renault
6 40% VW
VW
30%
4
20%
Others
2 Others
10%
0
0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 2-3: New passenger cars: Registrations by brand
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10. New vehicle registrations Europe
The difference between cars and vans?
 Light-commercial vehicles (N1 category):
“… designed and constructed for the carriage of goods …”
Car!
Van!
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11. New vehicle registrations Europe
The difference between cars and vans?
 Light-commercial vehicles (N1 category):
“… designed and constructed for the carriage of goods …”
Car!
Van!
Van?
Car?
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12. New vehicle registrations in Europe
Vans: by Member State
1.6 100%
Others
New light-commercial vehicles – Market share EU-27 (in 2010)
New light-commercial vehicles - Registrations [million]
Others 90% EU-12
1.4
EU-12 Sweden
Sweden 80% Portugal
Portugal Netherlands
1.2 Netherlands
Belgium 70% Spain
Spain
1.0 Italy
60%
Italy
0.8 50% Germany
Germany
40%
0.6
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
30%
0.4
20%
France
0.2 France
10%
0.0 0%
2009 2010
Figure 2-5: New light-commercial vehicles: Registrations by Member State
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13. New vehicle registrations in Europe
Vans: by brand
1.6 100%
New light-commercial vehicles – Market share EU-27 (in 2010)
Others
New light-commercial vehicles - Registrations [million]
90%
1.4 Others Nissan
Iveco
Nissan Opel
80%
Iveco
1.2 Opel Mercedes-Benz
Mercedes-Benz 70%
VW
1.0
VW 60%
Ford
0.8 Ford 50%
Peugeot
0.6 Peugeot 40%
Fiat
Fiat 30%
0.4
Citroën
Citroën 20%
0.2
10%
Renault Renault
0.0
0%
2009 2010
Figure 2-6: New light-commercial vehicles: Registrations by brand
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14. CO2 emissions
Cars: by Member State
Figure 3-1: New passenger cars: CO2 emissions by Member State
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15. CO2 emissions
By Member State
Not in the report – See: http://www.theicct.org/blogs/staff/cartogram-passenger-car-markets-and-carbon-emissions-eu
15

16. CO2 emissions
Cars: by engine technology
180
New passenger cars - Avearge CO2 emissions [g/km]
170
160
150
Passenger cars – Gasoline
Passenger cars – All
140 Passenger cars – Diesel
130
120
1 10
Passenger cars –
Gasoline hybrid-electric
100
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 3-5: New passenger cars: CO2 emissions by engine technology
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17. CO2 emissions
Cars: by brand (in 2010)
O
th
er
200
s
New passenger cars – Avearge CO2 emissions [g/km] 190
M
er
180
ce
des
-B
en
z
170
M
its Vo
ub lv
is o
hi
160
A
ud
B
i
M sa
M
N
az n
W
is
da
D
H
ac a
150
on
ia
Va
d
u
xh
al
2010 average
l
140
C
V
Šk
he
O
K
W
ia
pe
od
Fo
vr
Su un om
H fa R
A
ol
l
a
rd
y
l
zu da e
et
R
ki i o
en
Se
130 2015 target
C
Pe ia
au
at
itr
La
ug
lt
oë
n
To
eo
c
M
Fi i
n
yo
in
at
t
at
120
110
Smart
100
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Cumulative market share (EU-27)
Figure 3-12: New passenger cars: CO2 emissions and market share by brand (2010)
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18. CO2 emissions
Vans: by brand (in 2010)
260
Iv
M
ec
New light-commercial vehicles – Avearge CO2 emissions [g/km]
er
o
ce
d
es
-B
en
z
240
To
yo
ta
220
V
W
200
O
Fo
th
rd
er
s
N
is
sa
n
180 2010 average
2017 target
O
pe
160
l
Fi
at
Pe
C
itr
uge
oë
o
R
n
t
2020 target
en
au
l t
140
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Cumulative market share (EU-27)
Figure 3-13: New light-commercial vehicles: CO2 emissions and market share by brand (2010)
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19. CO2 emissions
Cars: Vehicle mass over time
175
New passenger cars – Average CO2 emissions [g/km]
2001
170
2002
2003
165 2004
2005
2006
160
2007
155
2008
150
2009
145
2010
140
1200 1225 1250 1275 1300 1325 1350
Mass in running order [kg]
Figure 3-24: New passenger cars: CO2 emissions vs. vehicle mass
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20. CO2 emissions
Cars: Correlation CO2 emissions and mass
1
2
3
Figure 3-17: New passenger cars: Sales-weighted correlation of CO2 emissions and vehicle mass
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21. CO2 emissions
Cars: Correlation CO2 emissions and mass
For more details, see:
o http://www.theicct.org/evaluation-
parameter-based-vehicle-emissions-
1 targets-eu
2
3
Figure 3-17: New passenger cars: Sales-weighted correlation of CO2 emissions and vehicle mass
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22. Key technical parameters
Cars: engine power by Member State
100
Germany
95
New passenger cars – Engine power [kW]
90 United Kingdom
Others
85 EU-27
Spain
Austria
80 EU-12
Belgium
Netherlands
75 France
Italy
70
65
60
55
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 5-1: New passenger cars: Engine power by Member State
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23. Key technical parameters
Engine power by engine technology
100
Passenger cars –
95 Gasoline hybrid-electric
Passenger cars – Diesel
90
New passenger cars – Engine power [kW]
85
Passenger cars – All
80
Passenger cars – Gasoline
75
70
65
Light-commercial
vehicles – Diesel
60
55
50
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 5-4: New vehicles: Engine power by type of vehicle and engine technology
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24. New vehicle technologies
Cars: market share hybrid-electric vehicles
5%
New passenger cars – Market share gasoline hybrid-electric vehicles
4%
Netherlands
3%
2%
United Kingdom
Other
Spain
1% Belgium
EU-27
France
Austria
Germany
Italy
EU-12
0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 4-2: New passenger cars: Market share gasoline hybrid-electric vehicles by Member State
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25. New vehicle technologies
Cars: market share natural gas vehicles
25%
New passenger cars – Market share natural gas vehicles
20%
Italy
15%
10%
EU-27
France
5% Others
Netherlands
Germany
Austria
EU-12
Belgium
United Kingdom
0% Spain
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 4-3: New passenger cars: Market share natural gas vehicles (mono- and bivalent incl. LPG) by Member State
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26. New vehicle technologies
Cars: market share ethanol vehicles
25%
New passenger cars – Market share ethanol vehicles
20%
15%
Sweden
10%
Austria
Others
EU-27
5% France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Spain
Belgium
EU-12
0% United Kingdom
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 4-4: New passenger cars: Market share ethanol vehicles (including flex-fuel) by Member State
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27. New vehicle technologies
Cars: market share diesel vehicles
100%
90%
New passenger cars - Market share diesel vehicles
80%
Belgium
Spain
70%
France
Others
60%
EU-27
Austria
50% France
Netherlands
Italy
40% Germany
EU-12
30%
20% United
Kingdom
10%
0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 4-1: New passenger cars: Market share diesel vehicles by Member State
27

28. New vehicle technologies
Vans: market share diesel vehicles
100%
New light-commercial vehicles – Market share diesel vehicles
90% 2009
2010
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
N1 class I N1 class II N1 class III
Figure 4-17: New light-commercial vehicles: Market share diesel vehicles by vehicle segment
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29. New vehicle technologies
Cars: rear-wheel drive
100%
New passenger cars – Market share vehicles with rear wheel drive
90%
80% BMW
70%
60%
Mercedes-Benz
50%
40%
30%
20% Audi
Citroën
Fiat
Ford
10% All brands Opel
Others Peugeot
Renault
VW
0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 4-23: New passenger cars: Market share vehicles with rear-wheel drive by brand
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30. Key technical parameters
Cars: top speed by brand
230
220 BMW
Audi
New passenger cars – Top speed [km/h]
210 Mercedes-Benz
200
190
VW
All brands
Opel
180 Renault
Ford
Peugeot
Citroën
170
Fiat
160
150
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 5-14: New passenger cars: Top speed by brand
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31. Criteria pollutant emissions
Cars: market share Euro 3 / 4
100% Euro 3 100% Euro 4
90% 90%
New passenger cars – Market share Euro 4 vehicles
New passenger cars – Market share Euro 3 vehicles
80% 80%
70% 70%
60% 60%
50% 50%
40% 40%
30% 30%
20% 20%
10% 10%
0% 0%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Key:
EU-27 EU-12 Italy Spain
Austria France Netherlands United Kingdom
Belgium Germany Others
Figure 6-1 – 6-3: New passenger cars: Market share Euro 3 / 4 vehicles by Member State
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32. Criteria pollutant emissions
Cars: Particulate matter diesel emissions
Euro 3 limit
0.05
New passenger cars – PM emission levels diesel vehicles [g/km]
0.04
Euro 3 vehicles
0.03
Euro 4 limit
0.02
Euro 4 vehicles
0.01
Euro 5
limit
Euro 5 vehicles
0.00
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Figure 6-12: New passenger cars: PM emission level diesel vehicles by Member State
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33. More information?
We have it …!
Online:
o This presentation: http://www.theicct.org/webinar-eu-vehicle-market-15-feb
o Pocketbook European Vehicle Market Statistics:
http://www.theicct.org/european-vehicle-market-statistics
o ICCT EU website: http://www.theicct.org/europe
o Working paper series on world harmonized test procedure:
http://www.theicct.org/series/worldwide-harmonized-light-vehicles-test-procedure-wltp
o ICCT staff blog: http://www.theicct.org/blogs/Staff
o ICCT newsletter:
http://theicct.us1.list-manage.com/subscribe?
u=d37167dbef1c508895ccc2723&id=ef73e76009&MERGE0=Enter%20email
%20address
o Peter Mock (ICCT Regional Lead Europe): peter@theicct.org
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