1. Software

2. Introduction
Computer software gives instructions that make
computer hardware work. In other words, software is
a collection of computer programs and related data
that provide the instructions for telling a computer
what to do and how to do it.
The four main types of software are operating
systems, application programs, utility programs, and
programming languages.

3. Operating
Systems

4. Operating Systems
An operating system is a piece of software
that controls how hardware resources such as
memory, the central processing unit (CPU),
disk space, and other devices are used. All
other kinds of software (application, utility,
and programming) need the operating system
because of hardware resources.

5. Operating Systems
An operating system has two parts, a
kernel, and a shell. The kernel is the
core of an operating system. It
manages memory, files, and other
devices; maintains the time and date;
starts applications; and manages
system resources.
The shell provides direct
communication interface between the
user and the kernel.

6. Operating Systems
There are many different types of operating
system. They are classified systems according to
the type of user interface, how many users they
support (single-user or multi-user), how they
perform tasks (single task or multitask), and how
they work with other computers (single computer
or network).

7. Interface
Command-line interface

8. Interface
Graphical user interface

9. Single or Multi-User
A single-user operating system can be used
only by a single user. A multiuser operating
system can be used by more than one user.
In some ways, a computer that several
people share is like a multi-user system.
However, a real multi-user system means a
machine (and operating system) that
several people can access at the same time,
through communication facilities or
network terminals. Server computers are
multi-user systems whereas, PC’s or
workstations are single-user systems.

10. Stand Alone or Network
A network operating system is an operating system
specifically designed to support computer networks. A
computer network is a set of computers that can communicate
with each other and share resources. A network operating
system uses a special machine called a server to provide
networking support for multiple simultaneous users as well as
administrative, security, and management functions. Unlike a
single-user operating system, a network operating system
must respond to requests from many computers, managing
network access and communications, resource use and
sharing, data protection, and error control.

11. Single or Multi-Tasking

12. Operating Systems
MS-DOS
Windows 98
Windows XP
Windows Vista
Windows 7

13. Operating Systems
Mac OS
Unix
Linux
Novell NetWare
BeOS and Haiku

14. Mobile Operating Systems
Symbian OS
Google Android
Mobile Linux
BlackBerry OS
iOS

15. OS Statistics – April 2012

16. Application
Programs

17. Application Programs
An application program is a
program designed to help with a
specific task, such as word
processing, accounting, counting
the items in a shop or
warehouse, or maintaining a
database. Application software
makes a computer work to suit
your needs.

18. Word Processor
Microsoft Word, Corel WordPerfect, StarWriter, Windows WordPad, MacWrite, and WordStar

19. Spreadsheet
Microsoft Excel, Lotus 1-2-3, StarCalc, and Gnumeric

20. Presentation Software
Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance Graphics, Adobe Persuasion, OpenOffice.org Impress,
Apple’s Keynote, and Corel Presentations

21. Database Management Software
dBase, Paradox, Microsoft Access, FoxPro, Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL, InterBase, and Sybase

22. CAD/CAM
AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, MathCAD, and Electronic WorkBench

23. Painting and Drawing
Windows Paint, Corel Painter, and Adobe Photoshop CS4
CorelDRAW and Adobe Illustrator

24. Page Layout and Desktop Publishing
Quark XPress, Adobe InDesign, Microsoft Publisher and Adobe Page Maker.

25. Animation Programs
Adobe Flash CS5, Microsoft Silver Line, 3D Studio MAX, Animation FX, 3D Maya, and Xara.

26. Multimedia Applications
Microsoft Media Player, Microsoft Media Center, Media Player Classic, Real Player, Quicktime Player,
WinAmp, WinDVD, and PowerDVD

27. Games
Chess Master, Age Of Empires, SimCity, Fifa, Fifa Manager, Crysis Warhead, NFS Shift, and Counter Strike

28. Educational Software

29. Online Applications
www.docs.google.com, www.acrobat.com, office.live.com, and www.zoho.com

30. Questions