World War I long term causes

1. Chapter 18 S3-4
1. Policy that gave US right to intervene in Cuba and a naval base P A
2. Independent nation govern economically by powerful nation P
3. Area in which one power would be dominant S O I
4. Secret society rebels to expel foreign devils in China B R
5. US built a canal that connects the two ocean P C
6. This policy gave all nation equal access to China O D P
7. The 16 US battleship fleet that showed its military strength G W F
8. Policy that gave US right to intervene in Latin America to preserve
law and order R C
9. When did Philippines get its independence
10. Agreement between Russia and Japan to establish peace T P

2. Long Term Causes of WWI

3. Austria *
Belgium
Denmark
Iceland
Germany *
Liechtenstein *
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Sweden
Switzerland *
United Kingdom
* = German speaking country
Germanic Countries
1. Nationalism
Other ethnic groups want to establish independence

4. 2. Imperialism
Taking over colonies
Encouraged competitiveness

5. 3. Militarism
Led to military build up and naval race

6. Triple EntenteTriple Entente:: Triple AllianceTriple Alliance::
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Great Britain
France
Russia
Tension
4. Alliances
Agreements between nations to aid and protect one another

7. Archduke
Francis
Ferdinand
– (heir to Austria-
Hungary’s
throne)
Visited Bosnia,
Sarajevo
– majority Serbs
population –
Slavic
– Wants to form
own nation with
Serbia
– (June 29, 1914)-
Sarajevo

8. • Gavrilo
Princip
(Serbia
terrorist)
• assassinated
the Archduke

9. The Point of No Return:
Austria blamed Serbia for
Ferdinand’s death and
declared war on Serbia.
Germany pledged their
support for Austria
-Hungary.
Russia pledged their
support for Serbia.
July 28, 1914
WarWarWarWar

10. The Point of No
Return:
Germany declares war on
Russia.
France pledges their
support for Russia.
Germany declares war
on France.
Germany is now
facing:
Two-front war
France on west
Russia on east
WarWarWarWar
WarWarWarWar
Aug. 1, 1914
Aug. 3, 1914
Russia mobilized (start military
build up)

11. Germany’s strategy:
Schlieffen Plan
Knock France out first
before Russian could
mobilize
– Speed was vital
– Need to cross
Belgium (neutral)
– Belgium refused
Germany invaded
Belgium
Britain declared war
on Germany (afraid
of losing ports) Aug.
3, 1914
WarWarWarWar

12. World War IWorld War IWorld War IWorld War I
Allied PowersAllied Powers:: Central PowersCentral Powers::
Great Britain
France
Russia Italy
Germany
Austria-Hungary

14. • Austria moves to punish Serbia, Russia comes to the
aid of Serbia, and then all those alliances engage as
everybody declares war on everyone else in a tragic
domino effect.

15. Neutral Countries: Netherlands, Scandinavia, Spain, Switzerland
Triple EntenteTriple Alliance
Italy
VS.
Allied Powers
Britain
France
Russia
Italy
Japan
Central Powers
Italy
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire
Italy
Germany
Austria

16. • Germany invaded France
– 1.5 million German
trampled over Belgium

17. Russia was
mobilizing quickly
German forced to
send thousands of
soldiers to the east
(Russia)
France weakened
army and has
limited supply
Britain finally came
to aid
Paris was saved
(Battle of Marne)

18. • Western Front
settle into a
stalemate
– Led to Trench
warfare
– Armies built
elaborate
system of
tunnels,
shelters and
trenches-
stretch more
than 600 miles-
“ no man’s
land”

20. Trench Rats
"The rats were huge. They were so big they would eat a
wounded man if he couldn't defend himself."
"I saw some rats running from under the dead men's
greatcoats, enormous rats, fat with human flesh. My heart
pounded as we edged towards one of the bodies. His helmet
had rolled off. The man displayed a grimacing face, stripped
of flesh; the skull bare, the eyes devoured and from the
yawning mouth leapt a rat."
Many men killed in the trenches were buried almost where
they fell. These corpses, as well as the food scraps that littered
the trenches, attracted rats.
Quotes from soldiers fighting in the trenches:

21. British and German troops stand
together during the Christmas
Truce of 1914-15.
Christmas Truce 1914
One of the most remarkable incidents in
history was the impromptu truce that took
place on the Western Front on Christmas
Day 1914. Beginning late on Christmas
Eve, the entrenched British and German
troops began serenading each other with
songs and carols. By the next day a full
truce was on, with soldiers and officers
from both sides fraternizing and
exchanging gifts. There was even an
international soccer match played with
teams comprised of warring soldiers. On
December 26, 1914 the First World War
started again. How sad. Ninety-four years
later, in 2008, soldiers from the same
opposing regiments reenacted the famous
Christmas Truce in the same location.

22. Extra Pictures

23. Eastern Front