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la droga krokodil

Notas del editor

  1. proviene de la palabra en inglés crocodile, en alusión a sus efectos que carcomen o comen la piel. También es conocida como la droga zombie, desomorfina (su nombre más formal), droga caníbal y la heroína de los pobres.
  2. la desomorfina ya había sido desarrollada como un analgésico en EE.UU. en 1930, llamado dihidrodesoximorfina; pero en 1932 desapareció del mercado por sus propiedades altamente adictivas.
  3. se dice que comenzó a consumirse por la escasez de la heroína en Rusia, producto de una baja en las cosechas de opio en Afganistán. Su uso comenzó en poblados de Rusia y se extendió a países exsoviéticos como Georgia, Ucrania y Kasajastán. Cabe recalcar que los países soviéticos mantienen una larga tradición en inyección de sustancias derivadas del opio desde antes de la caída del muro.
  4. Cuesta entre tres y cinco veces menos que la heroína. Su precio estimado es menor a un dólar cuando su preparación es casera.
  5. contiene codeína; un alcaloide que se encuentra de forma natural en el opio y también en algunos jarabes de tos. Esta sustancia, se mezcla con químicos tóxicos como el alcohol, el aceite industrial o el tíner.
  6. es la droga con más alto nivel de adicción hasta ahora registrada: con unas cuantas dosis, el usuario se hace dependiente, y en sólo dos meses, comienza a registrar pérdidas de piel y carne, e infecciones severas.
  7. puede prepararse en menos de una hora a partir de la codeína, misma que se cocina con disolventes químicos industriales altamente tóxicos y accesibles, como pintura, gasolina, ácido clorhídrico, yodo y fósforo del rascador de las cajas de cerillos.
  8. sus efectos sensoriales son muy parecidos a los de la heroína, los cuales se prologan aproximadamente durante 40 minutos.
  9. trombosis y hemorragias, úlceras en la piel, flebitis, gangrena, infecciones de la piel que llegan incluso hasta los huesos, pérdida de miembros como dedos, piernas y brazos; desprendimiento de la piel en zonas de tejido muerto, ulceración de las venas que provoca que éstas sean removidas incluso con músculo y tejidos. Los usuarios más adictos mueren en menos de un año.
  10. neumonía, septicemia, estallamiento de arterias, meningitis, pérdida de dientes, infección de los huesos, cuerpo, estallamiento de oídos, nariz y labios, fallo renal y hepático.
  11. es de las más dolorosas; mientras la “limpieza” de heroína del organismo se prolonga aproximadamente por diez días, la del krokodil conlleva más de un mes de un proceso particularmente doloroso.
  12. Krokodil es probablemente la droga más peligrosa que actualmente circula en el mundo. Las consecuencias de su consumo, aunque de carácter terrorífico, no logran disuadir a los adictos, que a pesar de ellas, son cada vez más y representan un verdadero problema para las autoridades.
  13. Los consumidores de Krokodil (o desomorfina) hasta ahora sólo se han encontrado en grandes cantidades en Rusia, donde se incautaron 65 millones de dosis del opiáceo durante los tres primeros meses de 2011. Esto se debió a la producción clandestina a gran escala de desomorfina en 2010. La desomorfina posee efectos sedantes y analgésicos, siendo entre 8 a 10 veces más potente que la morfina.