1. NOTES AND FORMULAE ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 5
1. PROGRESSIONS (iii)
(a) Arithmetic Progression b c c
Tn = a + (n – 1)d
n
a
f ( x )dx f ( x )dx
b
f ( x)dx
a
Sn = [2a ( n 1)d ]
2 (d) Area under a curve
n
= [ a Tn ] AC AB BC
2
(b) Geometric Progression
(b) A, B and C are collinear if
Tn = ar
n–1
n AB BC where is a constant.
Sn
a (1 r )
1 r AB and PQ are parallel if
Sum to infinity
b b
PQ AB where is a constant.
a
S
1 r
A=
a
ydx A=
xdy
a
(c) Subtraction of Two Vectors
(c) General
Tn = Sn − Sn – 1
T1 = a = S1 (e) Volume of Revolution
2. INTEGRATION
x n 1
(a)
xn dx c
n 1 AB OB OA
(ax b) n 1 (d) Vectors in the Cartesian Plane
(b)
( ax b) n dx c
(n 1)a
(c) Rules of Integration:
b b b b
V y 2 dx
V x 2 dy
(i)
nf ( x)dx n f ( x)dx
a a a a
a b
3. VECTORS
(ii)
f ( x)dx f ( x)dx
b a
(a) Triangle Law of Vector Addition OA xi yj
Magnitude of
OA OA x 2 y 2
Prepared by Mr. Sim Kwang Yaw 1
2. (g) Double Angle Formulae
Unit vector in the direction of OA sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
r xi yj 2
cos 2A = cos A – sin A
2
r
ˆ 2
= 2cos A – 1
r x2 y 2 2
= 1 – 2sin A
4. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 2 tan A
tan 2A =
(iii) y = tan x 1 tan 2 A
(a) Sign of trigonometric functions in the four
5. PROBABILITY
quadrants.
(a) Probability of Event A
n( A)
Acronym: P(A) =
“Add Sugar To Coffee” n( S )
(b) Probability of Complementary Event
P(A) = 1 – P(A)
(c) Probability of Mutually Exclusive Events
(iv) y = a sin nx
(b) Definition and Relation P(A or B) = P(A B) = P(A) + P(B)
sec x =
1 cosec x = 1 (d) Probability of Independent Events
cos x sin x
P(A and B) = P(A B) = P(A) × P(B)
1 sin x
cot x = tan x =
tan x cos x 6. PROBABILTY DISTRIBUTION
(a) Binomial Distribution
(c) Supplementary Angles n
P(X = r) = Cr p q
r n r
o
sin (90 − x) = cos x a = amplitude
o
cot (90 – x) = tan x n = number of cycles n = number of trials
(e) Basic Identities p = probability of success
2 2
(d) Graphs of Trigonometric Function (i) sin x + cos x = 1 q = probability of failure
2 2
(i) y = sin x (ii) 1 + tan x = sec x Mean = np
2 2
(iii) 1 + cot x = cosec x
Standard deviation = npq
(f) Addition Formulae
(i) sin (A B) (b) Normal Distribution
= sin A cos B cos A sin B X
Z=
(ii) cos (A B)
= cos A cos B sin A sin B Z = Standard Score
(ii) y = cos x
(iii) tan (A B) = tan A tan B X = Normal Score
1 tan A tan B = mean = standard deviation
Prepared by Mr. Sim Kwang Yaw 2
3. (b) Condition and Implication:
(a) Normal Distribution Graph Condition Implication
Returns to O s=0
To the left of O s<0
To the right of O s>0
Maximum/Minimum ds = 0
displacement dt
Initial velocity v when t = 0
Uniform velocity a=0
Moves to the left v<0
Moves to the right v>0
Stops/change v=0
direction of motion
P(Z < k) = 1 – P(Z > P(Z < -k) = P(Z > k) Maximum/Minimum dv = 0
k) velocity dt
Initial acceleration a when t = 0
Increasing speed a>0
Decreasing speed a<0
(c) Total Distance Travelled in the Period
P(Z > -k) = 1 – P(Z < - P(a < Z < b) 0 ≤ t ≤ b Second
k) = 1 – P(Z > k) = P(Z > a) – P(Z > b) (i) If the particle does not stop in the
period of 0 ≤ t ≤ b seconds
Total distance travelled
= displacement at t = b second
(ii) If the particle stops in t = a second
when t = a is in the interval of 0 ≤ t ≤
P(-b < Z < -a) = P(a < P(- b < Z < a) b second,
Z < b) = P(Z > a) – = 1 – P(z > b) – P(Z > Total distance travelled in b second
P(Z > b) a) = Sa S0 Sb Sa
7. MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE
(a) Relation Between Displacement,
Velocity and Acceleration
vdt adt
Prepared by Mr. Sim Kwang Yaw 3