To introduce and assess the expressiveness of a design space for trust-enabling interaction design.

1. Trust-enabling
Interaction Design

2. Theoretical underpinnings
HCI perspective
• How computing and computational artifacts relate to
the human condition.
Trust perspective
• Social-technical aspects of trustful relationships
Human Computer Trust
• Trust-enabling interactions
Intercept Human-Computer interactions with the
dynamic nature of social-trust relationships

3. key principles
The ongoing cultural shift
• The existing ever-widening range of digital artifacts is
transforming our daily lives.
How we relate to technology is
• less and less about the… devices; and
• more about the… activities.
Information technology context is
• becoming pervasive; and
Computing is
• becoming ubiquitous

5. Because...
Trust is...
• a key element in human relations.
With Trust...
• Actions are more decisive.
• Activities proceed more smoothly.
(e.g. Yan, 2010; Mcknight, 1996; Constantine, 2006,
Preece, 2004)
(e.g. Coleman, 1988; Weber, 2003; Fukuyama, 1995;
Luhmann, 2000; Gambetta, 1998)

6. Contextual aim
Trust contemplates
• Social phenomena
• A complex two-way relationship
Trust emerges from
• An interpersonal organization
• A specific social situation
• A specific social context
• Positive experiences
• Interactions
• Active participation
• Cooperative relations
SUPPORT
&
SUSTAIN

7. Multidiciplinary
• Multiple interpretations
Research include areas such as…
• Sociology (Good, 2000),
• Political science (Fukuyama, 1995; Luhmann, 2000);
• Economics (Dasgupta, 2000);
• Socio-biology (Batenson, 1998);
• Cognitive science (Bachrach, 2001);
• Computer sciences (McKnight, 2002); and even
• Education (Hoy, 2003).
Contextual aim

8. Trust notions (social science)

9. Trust notions (Computer science)
Computer science perspectives
• Separates the trust concept in 2 distinct domain
definitions:
operational and internal

10. Contextual aim
Trusting represents
• A reinsurance element
Trusting comes associated
• With certain properties that help to support users
intended behaviours
Trusting relies on
• The identification of trustworthy making qualities

11. How to determine
if a situation is in fact
trustworthy?
By observing the trust warranty signs
Bacharach et. al., 2007

13. The research contemplates
A need for identify
1. Trust social values (qualities) that underlies
people’s trust beliefs
1. The reliability of those trustworthy making
qualities
1. How those (trustworthy making qualities)
are represented in today’s ongoing cultural
shift

15. Results (associated notions)
Trusting is…
• process of believing in others behaviours
Reflects a
• risk
While some are more
willing to take the
risks others don’t
Level of
commitment of
both parts
Strong incentives to
believe that
determinate person,
service or tool is in
fact trustworthy

16. Human Computer Trust model

17. Predominant factors

18. Refections
Trust-enabling interactions systems include
qualities like:
• Enables more honest & transparent behaviours
• Facilitates the... Prediction of others activities patterns
• Enables the perception of others competencies
• Creates/supports emphatic relations which, fosters
Social engagement
• Diminish group hostility which, increase group
commitment
• Foster group motivation & willingness to cooperate

19. Design space A method to evaluate trust-enabling
interaction design qualities
What influences
the user's
predisposition to
trust a particular
system?
Motivation
Willingness
Competency
Predictability
Reciprocity
Benovelence
Honesty
What supports users’
beliefs that the system
features will benefit
them?
Driven Question Sub-set of Question Analytic dimentions
What features support
the users' confidence in
someone or something
to perform a particular
desired action?
What features support
the users' belief in the
integrity of the system
and its users?
Expectations
Rational perception
Emotional
perception
Contributes
Contributes
Set of trust-enable interaction Features
Trust Predisposition
Relationships
Commitments
Intentions
Predisposition to cooperate
Predisposition to relate
Behaviours
Engagement

20. Usefulness
Artifact-centered  Value-centered
This toolset provides
designers lenses to
• Assess the act of
design for trust-enable
interactions; and
• Evaluate if their design
propositions have been
reflected in the design
outcome.
Critical design
 Reflect on
values
 Understand the
design options
 Evaluate the
design
propositions

21. Example

22. Thank you!