2. o Kingdom: Animalia
o Phylum: Chordata
o Class: Mammalia
o Subclass: Prototheria
o Order: Monotremata
o Families:
o Kollikodontidae†
o Steropodontidae†
o Ornithorhynchidae - Platypus
o Tachyglossidae
o Tachyglossus – Short-beaked echidna
o Zaglossus – Long-beaked echidna
3. Egg-laying mammals , they lay heavily yolked eggs.
The egg is retained for some time within the mother,
who actively provides the egg with nutrients.
Endothermic
Lacks pinna (has only ear slits)
3 bones in middle ear
Brain lacks corpus callusom
4. They have no nipples, a milky fluid oozes out from
modifies sweat glands onto tufts of hairs in shallow
pits of the abdomen, from which the young lick it up.
The monotreme leg bears a spur in the ankle region,
the spur is non-functional in echidnas, but contains a
powerful venom in the male Platypus.
5. Ornithorhynchidae Tachyglossidae
Spends most of their time in the Terrestrial animals
water. They have long, sticky tongues and
They have webbed feet for stout claws to gather food.
swimming and for walking on Armed with shard quills and rolls
muddy river bottoms. into a ball for protection.
Soft, rubbery, sensitive, beaklike Usually produces 1 egg only
muzzle with which they detect
invertebrates.
1 – 3 eggs
9. o Kingdom: Animalia
o Phylum: Chordata
o Class: Mammalia
o Subclass: Theria
o Infraclass: Marsupialia
o Order:
Didelphimorphia
Paucituberculata
Microbiotheria
Dasyuromorphia
Peramelemorphia
Notoryctemorphia
Diprotodontia
10. Non-placental mammals
Yolk sac serves as placenta
give birth to premature young climbs from the mother's birth canal
to the nipples. it grabs on with its mouth and continues to develop
Some marsupials have a rudimentary placenta that functions for
only a short time, such as the bandicoot
11. females typically have an external pouch – “marsupium” in which the
immature young are raised after birth until early infancy
Short gestation times is due to having a yolk-type placenta in the
mother marsupial (8-43 days)
13. The female has two reproductive organ. Both open
externally through one orifice, but lead to different
compartments within the uterus. Males usually
have a two-pronged reproductive organ, which
corresponds to the females' two reproductive
organ.
14. Teeth are either diprotodont ("two front teeth")
or polyprotodont ("many front teeth")
15. Digits are either didactylus (separate; ancestral state)
or syndactylus ("fused toes")
24. Several mammalian characteristics
Vertebrates
Endothermic
Presence of fur/skin/hair
Breathing through lungs
Production of milk to feed young
3 middle ear bones
25.
26. Both lack corpus callosum
It is a brain structure that connects the left and the right
hemisphere of the brain
27. Presence of epipubic bones
A rod-like bone which projects forward from the pelvis.
In female marsupials, supports the Marsupium.
28.
29.
30. 1) Monotremes are egg-laying, while marsupials give
birth to live, helpless young.
31.
32.
33. 2) Monotremes excrete milk through mammary glands
located in the skin, while marsupials have nipples
where milk passes.
34. 3) Monotremes have a single cloaca while marsupials
have separate genital and urinary tracts, although an
external trace of the cloaca still exists.
35.
36. 4) Monotremes lack teeth; instead they chew food with
bony plate at roof of mouth (echidna) or roughened
gums (platypus). Marsupials have teeth.
37.
38. Marsupials have bifid reproductive organs while
monotremes do not.
Bifid – split into 2
39.
40. 6) Outer ear of monotremes lack pinna (ear lobe) while
marsupials have pinna.
41. Monotremes have reptilian/birdlike characteristics
(especially in platypus) while marsupials closely
resemble the other mammals.
