2. Introduction to Rally Racing “Two-four day events that pit car and driver through the toughest and most varied conditions on the world” Point-to-Point racing Two Types: Road Rallying Stage Rallying WRC.com
3. History of Rally Racing “Rally” Very broad Term Previously were long distance races Horselesss-carrage races After WWII races grew but no real organization World Rally Championship formed in 1973 Complete book of the WRC
4. Big Changes Car manufactures sponsor (works) teams In 1987 Group B Rallying dismantled “The WRC has undergone a wide range of evolutions, not always painless” (Hope-Frost 12) X-Games introduce Rally Cross The complete book of the WRC
5. Comparison NASCAR Loosely based on 4 door production sedans Naturally aspirated 5.8L V8’s RWD Circular paved tracks Rally Racing Much stricter rules on modifications Turbocharged 2.0L 4 Cylinders AWD Unpaved left and right tracks Howstuffworks.com
6. Comparison Formula 1 Cars are not based upon any production cars Circuit Race Pit Stops 2.4 L V8 naturally aspirated Rally Racing Teams must use factory car models Point-to-point time trial Service park 2.0 liter 4 Cylinder Turbocharged Wessexscene.co.uk
7. Comparison Drivers all do not start at once Crowd much closer to action Cars driven on mostly unpaved roads WRC.com
8. How Races are Run The day before the Race Recce: Reconanice CeremonalStartType something here
9. Cars Must be based upon a production car Selling over (2500) units a year Must weight the same FIA rule book
10. Big Race Events 1000 Lakes Rally/Finland RAC Rally/Great Britain Acropolis Rally/ Greece Monte Carlo Rally/ Monte Carlo Sweden Rally/Sweden
11. Surface Type: Gravel Rally Mexico, Jordan, Turkey, New Zealand, Portugal, Finland, Japan, Great Britain Soft and Hard surfaces More obstacles Rocks, ditches, jumps WRC.comPirelli.com
12. Surface Type: Ice/Snow Rally Sweden Most tires have spikes for better traction Greater strain put on engine from temperature One of the faster rallies WRC.com
13. Surface Type: Tarmac Rally Bulgaria, Deutschland, France, Spain Probably the smoothest of all surfaces Often run through local towns WRC.com
15. Super Special Stage Often set up in local Arenas A Circuit which allows two drivers to compete at the same time Optional for racers WRC.com
16. Where Rally Racing is Big Not very big for a “World Championship” Biggest in Europe Fans are often dedicated to the sport WRC.comnasarally.com
17. Folkracing Run every weekend in Finland Have to sell car if offered Stops seriousness of races Topgear
18. Rallying in USA X-Games introduce Rally cross in Rally America National and regional events United States Rally championship Rally-America.com
19. Rally Racing Famous Drivers StigBlomqvist Per Eklund TimoMakinen Colin McRae Sebastien Loeb Ken Block
20. Famous Drivers Cont. StigBlomqvist July 1946, Sweden Saab J-Class at 19 82’ signs with Audi 84’ World Champion Team mate Per Elkund Henri Toivonen Father was a car salesmen and gave him his first car At 24 he became youngest man to win a WRC event Tragic Death in Group B in a Lancia Delta S4 in 86’ Complete WRC book
21. Famous Drivers Cont. TimoMakinen Started driving on fathers paper route in Finland One of the original “Flying Finns” Colin McRae At 10 he was driving motorcycles Help make “Subaru Blue” Famous Died in Helicopter crash on September 15, 2007 Complete WRC book
22. Famous Drivers Cont Sebastian Loeb Current & 6 Time World Champ Walter Rohrl World Champion in 80’ and 82’ Complete WRC book
24. Co-Drivers Sits in passenger seat Humanized GPS Pace notes: “Description of the road ahead read by co-driver” WRC.com
25. Driving Requirements Race cars must be street legal Driver must have a Racing license Must be based upon a production car Selling over (2500) units a year FIA.comnasarallysport.com
27. Hand Brake Turn Used to quickly spin around Tight corners Insert How to Video Drivingfast.net Fifth Gear
28. Scandinavian Flick Used to slide cars around turns Maintains a relative speed More common in FWD cars Not as necessary with today's technology Racing secrets
29. Left-Foot Braking Allows drivers to keep right foot on throttle Use more common on Turbo charged cars Helps “match revs” Less weight transfer Racing secrets 1
30. Yumping Rally Jargon Throttle control while driving over hills, crests and other changes in drive angle? Racing secrets
31. Modern Racing Large companies sponsor teams and drivers Universal tire supplier (Pirelli) Many complaints from former drivers Complete WRC Book WRC.com
32. Major Rules/Regulations Turbocharger restrictor Height restrictions Exhaust muffler and catalytic converter No run-flat tires Rallycars.comFIA.com
33. Safety Roll cages Picture of Race car roll cage and my truck Skid plates Electronic Disconnects Racing suite HANS device In car fire extinguishers Wrc.com FIA Rulebook
34. Rules & Regulation 2010 New FIA spec helmet Night stages are allowed No limit on stage length Increased lateness allowed WRC.com
35. Changes in Your Life All Wheel Drive Racing suites Self Adjusting Shock Absorbers
36. How to get Involved Volunteer at a race Go to school www.team-oneil.com/ Read, Listen, and Watch On Discovery HD Theatre Rally.subaru.com
37. Other Ideas Thesis: Rally racing is a growing international Motorsport with its own culture and fanbase and my goal is to explore its culture and help make Americans aware of its growing popularity.
Notas del editor
What it isAbout cars and coursesRoad rally no closed courses more about being on time not first Stage Rallying WRC type of Racing
How it got startedWhere it got started Who person/company got it startedGet citations of Wikipedia for the info there
Group B cars did not have to sell the same amount of cars as other groups so companies made speciality cars that would not be considered safe. But since they sold the volume of cars required and they raced them. Used special fuels to keep up with engine demands. Cars were stripped down powered up versions of the already extreme road cars. It is said that the cars could race in a F1 race and make it to the podium.Formation of the wrcPictures of Extreme Audi Quatrro and LanciaJoaquim Santos Swerved to avoid hitting spectators in the road and ended up cashing off the course killing 3 and injuring 30.
Rally Racing vsNascarNASCAR is a race of large Production saloons that bare almost no resembalence to the production modlesproducint about 750 HPRally cars are based upon the production modles with awd and turbocharged 4cylindder engines, making either 200 or 300hp, which are driven on tracks that are constantly changing.Rally racing cars must use the same engine block that is in the factory car, while NASCAR teams can use any “factory made” engine. Which means that toyota, ford, chevy, dodge, or any other company which makes their own engine can devlope an engine strictly for their NASCAR racers. Picture of NASCAR course and a rally course
Rally racingvs Formula 1“Formula 1 Drivers see 1 corner 1000 times, Rally Drivers see 1000 corners once.” (Top Gear I think)F1 cars have requirements but bare no resemblance to road cars, there are laps in F1 supposed to Rally racing (bring up Top Gear Quote), F1 cars can get in race service( Tire change, fuel fill, and possible replace a broken part) Rally cars must finish the stage before any major repair is doneNotes: Bring up the quote of 1 corner 1000 times and 1000 corners once
Fans are usually around turns where the driver will slide the car and bring up a lot of smoke and debris. Sound dagerous but rally orgainzers mark areas where driver may go off of the course and prevent people from standing there. In the eighties there was a game played by Spectators to see who could touch the car as they drove by. Photographers often lean out onto the course to get the best picture. It is not uncomon for photographers and spectators to run over to a stuck car and start pushing to help them get back on the course.To most type of racingFans/ crowd controlSurfaces they race uponThe Driver who got first the last race launches first then the clock starts for them, then later to make sure the cars have less of a chance to crash the driver who placed second launches.Fans often bring their own chairs and sit along the course and often on the course. In certain places it had become a spectator game to see if they could reach out and touch the cars driving by.Three main types of surfaces Gravel, Snow, and Tarmac
At the beging of a race the leader of the drivers championship goes first. Then as the day and race progresses the leader is the person who is fastest on the Stages of the race.
The Original races that were around before the wrc.
Race PreperationsTire temperatures. Races are different and parts such as brake pads and tires. IN gravel there are dry hot tracks like mexico, and the tire compund is much harder
Race Preperations(tire selsection) warmer tempatures (0 C or 32 F) will melt the snow and the studs in the tire will grip in to the underlying gravel and then be pulled out leaving the driver with almost no control when driving on the snow. All about grip and spikes in the tires provide the ultimate
Race PreperationTires have greater contact patches then gravel or ice races, tires are often of a compund that can stand more heat since more heat is created with larger contact patches.Tires SuspensionRimsMuch hotter
This type of coarse is more for the fans it is on a much smaller course where there are seats like a stadium and there is not a 3 minute gap between cars; racing is much faster there is not regulation on what type of surface it is. It can be all Tarmac but most often it is a mix of tarmac and gravel. Sometimes the two cars race on different overlapping tracks and when one driver finishes his course they must go around the other course in order to officially finish.
Since There is a world rally championship and an American rally championship the two have to do their own advertising. The World Rally Championship is much larger because they have races that go through towns and national land marks not just Through forests and on back roads such as rally America does. Europe(if you want to win employ a Finn)
Designed for entry level rally racingCars must cost less then $1000, to prevent it form getting to seriousIf someone wants to buy your car at the end of the race you MUST sell itDifferent classes depend on age and experience and carBecause cars cannot cost more then $1000 then it aviods people from getting large companies to sponser them or even any type of company to sponser them. It is strictly on driver talent. All crap cars means that the racing is close and more exciting. Circuit type racing everyone starts at the same time. Cars barley go over 65 MPH or 80KPH
Rally America Race in New YorkThere are regional events that drivers race in for regional titles, west, north east, middle east, southern; then there are national events, only 6, and drivers from all skill levels drive here.
SEbatian Loeb the current Champion and has been for the last 6 years.
HenriTiovonen started in the 1974 1000 lakes rally, DNF. In 77 he placed fifth in the 1000 lakes rally. By the 85 season he had started to get his stride
Colin McRae was a British driver
Sebastian Loed
RECCE: before driving the stage the driver and codriver drive it and take notes, Pace notes, on the first run the driver tells the co drover what to write down and then it is run again while the co driver reads it back and they clear up any misunderstandings. They do not drive fast during recce. Time penality if they excede speed limit during recce period Pace Notes: description of the road ahead, called out by the co-driver to inform the driver of what is coming up. Pace notes for every rally are made during the pre-event reconnaissance. As they recce each stage (twice, and at limited speed), drivers describe the road to their co-drivers, who write down the information in a form of shorthand. During the rally the co-driver reads the notes back to the driver.
Race cars are also road cars because they are driven on the roads as well as the gravel and snow. The Fia’s commitment to the environment makes sure that the cars are strictly help up to the same pollution laws as regular cars.The drives must undergo many tests from the teams to make sure they are fit to drive. And to make sure that if any physical harm is don’t to them they are not liable for it. Although they would most likely want their driver back as soon as possible.
Handbrake turn is used to maneuver around tight/slow corners Scandinavian Flick it a move in which the driver turns slightly the opsite direction of the turn and then quickly turns into the turn while on the throtle and will slide through the turn.
Used to slide cars around “hairpin” Turns
Another way to slide around cornersMost efficient on FWD carsNot used much today as it used to beTurn slightly in oppsite direction of turn, 2. Quickly turn into turn so car starts to slide3. Ease off gas while starting to slide4. Use own judgment on when to get back on throtle. IN todays cars it is not used as often because of the awd and the differental controls allow racers to drive faster around corners and it will transfer the power to the wheel that needs it most
For use in turbo Charged carsKeeps turbo spooled so the power it there when neededQuicker through out turns, also used in other types of racing.In racinf while a driver brakes applys power shifts there is a movement of
Comes from from “hill jumping” In some forgin countries people cannot pronounce “Jumping” they say “Yumping”When drivers are tackling a series of hills and other vertical changes in the course they must know what is on the other side of it, pace notes and recce, and that will help determine how they use the throttle through the changes. If the driver keeps his foot on the gas, which is what they usually do, they will shoot off the jump and depending on their speed will land a number of feet away from where they would of if they were to sow down and take it like an ordinary driver.
Red bull, Monster energy, Ford, Citrion, BP Gas, Castrol Oil, Abu Dubahi, all sponsor the largest rally racers in the WRC, Ford and CitrionOlder people complain that it has become too much of a busniess. Large companies People are racing for money, as supposed to glory/bragging rights, and for the fun of it.Spectators
Turbo charges are considered forced induction devices. As the exhaust gas exits it spins one side of a turbine while on the other side the income air is spun around another turbine which forces the air into the engine. A 32mm for group N (the major group) and 34mm for group A. Small engine produce more power at high RPMs. As the engine revs the turbo spins faster and helps produce more power to go FASTER! The restrictor is most noticeable around 5000 RPM. It limits the amount of power the engine produces to make driving safer.Ito provide aquacade safety no part of the car is allowed to touch the ground while all the tires on one side are deflated with full weight of car, fulids and competitors on boardIn 2008 Pirelie became the offical tire supplier for the WRC and the rules cahnged leaving teams with out runflat technology. Which ment new tires, new compund and tred deigns and a new season. Runflat tires have an additional subastance on the inside of the tire were
Rally cars have no air bags, and are not very large. Drivers have such things as batter disconctors, fuel cut offs, roll cages (FIA Regulation), Racing suites and helmet, saftey crews,All oil, fues, brake lines must be protected externally from any risk of deteration stones, mud, mechanical failure. Internal fuel lines must fun on non conducting metal. FIA Saftey Rule 3.1
Provided that the satge meets the saftey regulations of the scruitnees it is allowed to be run.Stage lengths are now between 300 kilometers and 500 kilometers, used to be 340-400 kilometers, increasing the physical strain put on the car and driverThe FIA has tried to make it more open to people, the time allowed to get to the starting podium so there are less penalties, thus more competitors and more competition. It used to be 15 minutes between two control now it is 30 minutes
How it has Effected every body Weather they know about it or notAudi first introduced the concept of AWD (Quattro) gave better traction & control on their cars Between stages in the service park if the up coming stage is rockier or more smooth the mechanics can adjust the rebound and other things of the shock absorbers to better accommodate the road. Today some cars have shocks that electronically adjust them hundreds of times a minute to smooth out the ride for the driver and passengers. Today's cars have fire protection around the cabin area that is has to pass reigerous tests and the same materials are used in racing suites since teams often remove most of the insulation and other padding to save weight.
The best way to learn more is to go to races and volunteer that way you can meat the officials and crews and ask them questions, and it is basically a free pass to any rally raceThere are driving schools such as Team O’neil rally school where for a certain price a person can go and learn the same tricks that the pros use.Rally racing is not as big as it could be and is mostly online. Up coming RacesPlaces to go to learn more, Rally Schools
Top Gear clip with James May racing in FinlandNeed to make videos of ralling.Do mock up races with playschool carsGet a camera for Demolition Derby (frasher)Point systems Driver and TeamsBring Car to school for students to look at and inspect
