2. Campaign for Nuclear
Disarmament (CND)
1950’s- New Zealand military personnel observed British and
American nuclear tests in Australia, the Pacific and in Nevada
1959- responding to rising public concern following these British
hydrogen bomb tests in Australia and the Pacific, New Zealand voted
in the UN to condemn nuclear testing
3. Campaign for Nuclear
Disarmament (CND)
1959- The NZ Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament is formed in
Christchurch
early 1960’s- CND in New Zealand organized protests regarding
French atmospheric nuclear tests at Mururoa atoll in French
Polynesia
1963- CND organizes a petition “No Bombs South of the Line”
advocating a nuclear-free southern hemisphere
4. Campaign for Nuclear
Disarmament (CND)
1963- British, American and Soviet governments agreed to ban
atmospheric tests with the Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT)
1964- France transfers its testing to Moruroa Atoll, French Polynesia
5.
6. Early 1970s - 3rd
Labour Government
“Independent” foreign policy
Self-reliance
Protests against French nuclear
testing
7. “I believe that to base our foreign
policies on moral principles is the
most enlightened form of self-
interest. What is morally right is
likely to be politically right”
-Norman Kirk
8. 1972-3 - protests
against the
French
The Vega sails into the test
zone
France goes to court
Otago and Canterbury
Other New Zealand yachts sail
in protest
10. Protests against ship visits
1976 - USS Truxtun and USS Long Beach
1978 - USS Pintado
1979 - USS Haddo
1978 - 32% opposition to nuclear-armed ships
1983 - 72%
11. 1984 - 4th Labour Government
Nuclear free policy
12. “There’s only one thing worse
than being incinerated by your
enemies, and that’s being
incinerated by your friends”
-David Lange