2. Study 1 Title of study: Improving pre-service teachers' visual literacy through flickr Author: Dr. Alaa Sadik Publisher: World Conference on Educational Sciences

3. Study 1 Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Flickr, as an online photo management and sharing application, when implemented in a technology course for pre-service teachers on their visual literacy skills.

4. Study 1 Instruments of study: There are four instruments were used in this study which are: Online tracking and observation: to assess the extent to which pre-service teachers are engaged in real decoding and encoding activities through the participation in Flickr. Visual Literacy Test: to assess whether pre-service teachers' visual literacy skills were enhanced via interpretation, development and sharing of photographs or not. Interview: to solicit pre-service teachers’ concerns and views regarding the use of Flickr in enhancing their visual literacy skills

5. Study 2 Title of study: WebCT as an E-Learning Tool: A Study of Technology Students’ Perceptions Author: Lesta A. Burgess Name of technology: WebCT

6. Study 2 Evaluation of WebCT features: This study evaluated the WebCT as communication (bulletin board , chat room, private e-mail) , instructional (glossary, references, self-test) and management tools (grading, tracking student interaction, monitoring class progress). The questions sought to determine whether the students perceived that they had used the WebCT effectively, what elements of WebCT they elected to use, what difficulties they might have encountered, and their overall opinions regarding this e-learning tool.

7. Study 2 Evaluation of WebCT features: The evaluation instrument has three sections which are about: 1- collected data about student use of and familiarity with WebCT 2- interest in using e-learning tools in the future 3- collected demographic information

8. Study 2 Ensuring validity: The validity and reliability of the instrument was ensured by experts in related fields, as well as through a pilot test. The questionnaire was sent to five university faculty for validation. Before implementing the survey, a pilot test was administered to fifteen students.

9. Study 2 Results: - A majority (94.7%) of students, this was the first time they had used WebCT or any courseware tool - A majority of students (52.6%) reported no technical problems with the software . - (78.6%) students found WebCT useful for their courses.