2. The New IT: Promises & Challenges
Empowered, Secure, Mobile Workforce
Any app on any device, anytime, anywhere – securely!
New Generation of Enterprise Apps
Combining the social, mobile experience
Existing Apps New Enterprise Apps SaaS Apps
with enterprise requirements
A More Flexible, Efficient Infrastructure
Exploiting modern, cost-effective hardware
Creating & spanning both internal and external resource pools
Existing Datacenters Public Cloud Services
#vmwarecloud
3. The IT Transformation Journey
IT Production Business Production IT as a Service
Virtualization
Becomes the Norm
~ 50%
vSphere 4
generation 2011
2010
2009
VI 3
generation 40%
30%
#vmwarecloud
4. Great Momentum in Virtualizing Business Critical Applications
% of Workload Instances That are Virtualized
67%
53%
47%
42% 43%
38% 34%
28% 28%
Apr 2011
25% 25%
18% Jan 2010
Microsoft Microsoft Microsoft Oracle Oracle
SAP
Exchange SharePoint SQL Middleware DB
Source: VMware customer survey, Jan 2010 and April 2011.
Survey Question:Total number of instances of that workload deployed in your organization and the percentage of those instances that are virtualized .
#vmwarecloud
5. Major Upgrade of the Cloud Infrastructure Suite
Cloud Infrastructure Suite
vCloud Director 1.5 New
vShield 5.0 New
vCenter Operations 1.0
vCenter SRM 5.0 New
vSphere 5.0 New
vSphere Storage Appliance 1.0
#vmwarecloud
8. VMware vSphere 5.0: What’s New?
• Virtual Appliance
vCenter Server • Web Client
• New HA
Architecture • 32 way SMP
• ESXi Firewall
• vMotion over • 1 TB VMs
higher latency links
Application
Services
Availability Security Scalability
VMware vSphere 5
Compute Storage Network
Infrastructure
Services
• Storage DRS • Network I/O Control
• ESXi Convergence
• Profile-Driven Storage (per VM controls)
• Auto Deploy
• VMFS 5 • Distributed Switch
• HW version 8
• Storage I/O Control (NFS) (Netflow, SPAN, LLDP)
#vmwarecloud
9. ESXi Convergence Most Trusted
Overview
vSphere 5.0 will utilize the ESXi
hypervisor exclusively
ESXi is the gold standard for hypervisors
vSphere ESXi
Benefits
Thin architecture
Smaller security footprint
Streamlined deployment and
configuration
Simplified patching and updating model
#vmwarecloud
10. VMware ESXi: 3rd Generation Hypervisor Architecture
VMware GSX VMware ESX VMware ESXi
(VMware Server) Architecture Architecture
• Installs as an application • Installs “bare metal” • Installs “bare metal”
• Runs on a host OS • Relies on a Linux OS • Management tasks are
(Service Console) for running moved outside of the
• Depends on OS for resource hypervisor
management partner agents and scripting
VMware Server Service Console VMkernel
VMware ESXi VMkernel
Windows or Linux OS VMware ESX
2001 2003 2007
The ESXi architecture runs independently of a general purpose OS,
simplifying hypervisor management and improving security.
#vmwarecloud
11. ESX to ESXi Migration with VMware Update Manager
Supported Paths
• Migration from ESX (“Classic”) 4.x to ESXi 5.0
• For VUM-driven migration, pre-4.x hosts will have to be upgraded to 4.x first
• Might be better just to do fresh install of ESXi 5.0
Preservation of Configuration Information
• Most standard configurations will be preserved, but not all:
• Information that’s not applicable to ESXi will not be preserved, e.g.
• /etc/yp.conf (no NIS in ESXi)
• /etc/sudoers (no sudo in ESXi)
• Any additional custom configuration files will not be preserved, e.g.
• Any scripts added to /etc/rc.d
#vmwarecloud Confidential
12. ESXi Migration and Third-Party Software
Supported components
• Upgrade of third-party components limited to
• Cisco Nexus 1000v
• EMC PowerPath
• During upgrade, if either of these is detected on starting host
• Target ESXi image is checked for presence of these modules
• If found, upgrade proceeds
• If not found, option provided to override and proceed
• Otherwise, halt
All other components
• Starting host not checked for other third-party software
• Upgrade process will not preserve anything
• Up to Admins to take care of replacing
#vmwarecloud Confidential
13. Upgrade Compatibility
Provides for flexibility for Administrators to upgrade environment
in phased manner
Feature ESX/ESXi 4.x ESXi 5.x
VMware Tools 4.x Yes Yes
VMware Tools 5.x Yes Yes
VMFS-3 Yes Yes
VMFS-5 No Yes
Virtual Hardware1 3, 4, 7 4, 7, 8
1. ESXi 5.0 supports upgrading Virtual Hardware version 3 and later
#vmwarecloud
14. ESXi and ESX Info Center
All Resources in One Centralized Location
#vmwarecloud
15. Auto Deploy
Overview
vCenter Server Deploy and patch vSphere hosts in
with Auto Deploy minutes using a new “on the fly” model
Coordination with vSphere Host Profiles
Image Profiles Host Profiles
Benefits
Rapid provisioning: initial deployment and
patching of hosts
vSphere vSphere vSphere
Centralized host and image management
Reduce manual deployment and patch
processes
#vmwarecloud
16. Storage DRS
Overview
Group “like” datastores in a datastore
cluster.
Initial placement of VMs/VMDKs
Storage vMotion Datastore maintenance mode
Space and I/O load balancing
Affinity and anti-affinity rules
Benefits
Datastore Scalable storage management
Cluster Reduce time for VM provisioning
Eliminate VM downtime for storage
maintenance
Automated Out of space avoidance
Automated I/O bottleneck avoidance
#vmwarecloud
17. What Does Storage DRS Solve?
Without Storage DRS:
• Identify the datastore with the most disk space and lowest latency.
• Validate which virtual machines are placed on the datastore and ensure
there are no conflicts.
• Create Virtual Machine and hope for the best.
With Storage DRS:
• Automatic selection of the best placement for your VM.
• Advanced balancing mechanism to avoid storage performance bottlenecks
or “out of space” problems.
• VM or VMDK Affinity Rules.
#vmwarecloud
18. What Does Storage DRS Provide?
Storage DRS provides the following:
1. Initial Placement of VMs and VMDKS based on available space and
I/O capacity.
2. Load balancing between datastores in a datastore cluster via Storage
vMotion based on storage space utilization.
3. Load balancing via Storage vMotion based on I/O metrics, i.e. latency.
Storage DRS also includes Affinity/Anti-Affinity Rules for VMs
and VMDKs;
• VMDK Affinity – Keep a VM’s VMDKs together on the same datastore.
This is the default affinity rule.
• VMDK Anti-Affinity – Keep a VM’s VMDKs separate on different datastores.
• Virtual Machine Anti-Affinity – Keep VMs separate on different datastores.
Affinity rules cannot be violated during normal operations.
#vmwarecloud
19. Datastore Cluster
An integral part of SDRS is to create a group of datastores called
a datastore cluster.
• Datastore Cluster without Storage DRS – Simply a group of datastores.
• Datastore Cluster with Storage DRS – Load Balancing domain similar to
a DRS Cluster.
A datastore cluster, without SDRS is just a datastore folder.
It is the functionality provided by SDRS which makes it more
than just a folder. 2TB
datastore cluster
500GB 500GB 500GB 500GB
datastores
#vmwarecloud
20. Storage DRS Operations – Initial Placement (1 of 4)
Initial Placement – VM/VMDK create/clone/relocate.
• When creating a VM you select a datastore cluster rather than an individual
datastore and let SDRS choose the appropriate datastore.
• SDRS will select a datastore based on space utilization and I/O load.
• By default, all the VMDKs of a VM will be placed on the same datastore within
a datastore cluster (VMDK Affinity Rule), but you can choose to have VMDKs
assigned to different datastore clusters.
2TB
datastore cluster
500GB 500GB 500GB 500GB
datastores
300GB 260GB 265GB 275GB
available available available available
#vmwarecloud
21. Storage DRS Operations – Load Balancing (2 of 4)
Load balancing – SDRS triggers on space usage & latency threshold.
Algorithm makes migration recommendations when I/O response
time and/or space utilization thresholds have been exceeded.
• Space utilization statistics are constantly gathered by vCenter, default
threshold 80%.
• I/O load trend is currently evaluated every 8 hours based on a past day
history, default threshold 15ms.
Load Balancing is based on I/O workload and space which ensures
that no datastore exceeds the configured thresholds.
Storage DRS will do a cost / benefit analysis!
For I/O load balancing Storage DRS leverages Storage I/O Control
functionality.
#vmwarecloud
23. Storage DRS Operations – Datastore Maintenance Mode
Datastore Maintenance Mode
• Evacuates all VMs & VMDKs from selected datastore.
• Note that this action will not move VM Templates.
• Currently, SDRS only handles registered VMs.
Place VOL1 in
maintenance
mode 2TB
datastore cluster
VOL1 VOL2 VOL3 VOL4
datastores
#vmwarecloud
24. Storage DRS Operations (4 of 4)
Datastore Cluster Datastore Cluster Datastore Cluster
VMDK affinity VMDK anti-affinity VM anti-affinity
Keep a Virtual Machine’s Keep a VM’s VMDKs on Keep VMs on different
VMDKs together on the different datastores datastores
same datastore
Useful for separating Similar to DRS anti-
Maximize VM availability log and data disks of affinity rules
when all disks needed in database VMs
order to run Maximize availability of
Can select all or a a set of redundant VMs
On by default for all VMs subset of a VM’s disks
#vmwarecloud
25. SDRS Scheduling
SDRS allows you to create a schedule to change its settings.
This can be useful for scenarios where you don’t want VMs to migrate between datastore
or when I/O latency might rise, giving false negatives, e.g. during VM backups.
#vmwarecloud
26. So What Does It Look Like? Provisioning…
#vmwarecloud
27. So What Does It Look Like? Load Balancing.
The Storage DRS tab will show “utilization before” and “after”.
There’s always the option to override the recommendations.
#vmwarecloud
28. Profile-Driven Storage
Overview
High IO
Tier storage based on performance or
Throughput
SLA characteristics
View a list of all compliant storage
resources
Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3
Benefits
Utilize the correct storage resources
every time (no mistakes)
Help IT personnel that may not be as
familiar with storage characteristics align
with business and application goals
Improve storage utilization and
efficiencies
#vmwarecloud
29. Save OPEX by Reducing Repetitive Planning and Effort!
Periodically
Identify Find optimal
Create VM check Today
requirements datastore
compliance
Initial setup
Identify storage
Periodically
characteristics Identify Storage
Create VM check
requirements
compliance DRS
Group
datastores
Initial setup
Discover storage
characteristics Select VM
Storage DRS +
Create VM Profile driven
Storage profile
Group storage
datastores
#vmwarecloud
30. Selecting a Storage Profile During Provisioning
By selecting a VM Storage Profile, datastores are now split into
Compatible & Incompatible.
The Celerra_NFS datastore is the only datastore which meets the
GOLD Profile requirements – i.e. it is the only datastore that has
our user-defined storage capability associated with it.
#vmwarecloud
31. What Is vStorage APIs Storage Awareness (VASA)?
VASA is an Extension of the vSphere Storage APIs, vCenter-based
extensions. It allows storage arrays to integrate with vCenter for
management functionality via server-side plug-ins or Vendor
Providers.
This in turn allows a vCenter administrator to be aware of the
topology, capabilities, and state of the physical storage devices
available to the cluster.
VASA enables several features.
• For example it delivers System-defined (array-defined) Capabilities that
enables Profile-driven Storage.
• Another example is that it provides array internal information that helps
several Storage DRS use cases to work optimally with various arrays.
#vmwarecloud
32. VMFS-5 Versus VMFS-3 Feature Comparison
Feature VMFS-3 VMFS-5
Yes
2TB+ VMFS Volumes Yes
(using extents)
Support for 2TB+ Physical RDMs No Yes
Unified Block size (1MB) No Yes
Atomic Test & Set Enhancements No Yes
(part of VAAI, locking mechanism)
Sub-blocks for space efficiency 64KB (max ~3k) 8KB (max ~30k)
Small file support No 1KB
#vmwarecloud
33. VMFS-3 to VMFS-5 Upgrade
The Upgrade to VMFS-5 is clearly displayed in the vSphere Client
under Configuration → Storage view.
It is also displayed in the Datastores → Configuration view.
The upgrade is non-disruptive.
#vmwarecloud
34. Performance Guarantees – Network and Storage I/O Control
3. w/ Other VMs can
2. I/O controls, Overview
give VIP VMs 1. VM requests
are starved
preferential access more resources Set up SLAs for use of storage and
for resources
network resources
Added per virtual machine settings
for Network I/O Control
Added NFS support for Storage I/O
Control
Benefits
Eliminate the “noisy neighbor” problem
More granular SLA settings for network
traffic
Extend Storage SLAs to more VMs
#vmwarecloud
35. Scaling Virtual Machines
Overview
Create virtual machines with up to:
32 vCPU
1 TB of vRAM
Benefits
4x size of previous vSphere versions
4x Run even the largest applications in
vSphere, including very large databases
Virtualize even more applications than
ever before (Tier 1 and 2)
#vmwarecloud
36. vCenter Server Appliance (Linux)
Overview
Run vCenter Server as a Linux-based
appliance
Benefits
Simplified setup and configuration
Enables deployment choices according to
business needs or requirements
Leverages vSphere availability features
for protection of the management layer
#vmwarecloud
37. Component Overview
vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA) consists of:
• A pre-packaged 64 bit application running on SLES 11
• Distributed with sparse disks
• Disk Footprint
Distribution Min Deployed Max Deployed
3.6GB ~5GB ~80GB
• Memory Footprint
• A built in enterprise level database with optional support for a
remote Oracle databases.
• Limits are the same for VC and VCSA
• Embedded DB
• 5 hosts/50 VMs
• External DB
• <1000 hosts/<10,000 VMs (64 bit)
• A web-based configuration interface
#vmwarecloud
38. vCenter Server Appliance Deployment
Simply deploy from a OVF template!
• Install takes ~5 minutes
#vmwarecloud
40. Web Client
Overview
Run and manage vSphere from any web
browser anywhere in the world
Benefits
Platform independence
Replaces Web Access GUI
Building block for cloud based
administration
#vmwarecloud
41. Why Flex?
Flex provides us with the richest and fullest featured development
platform available.
• Extensive amount of Libraries to use
• Technologies such as HTML5 and others are still in development
• Provides the best performance
• Scales to the web
Web Client Windows Client
50 VCs 10 VCs
Scalability
100,000 VMs 10,000 VMs
Platform Windows
Windows
Independence Linux
Linux Native One HTML
Extensibility Rich Extension plug-in
Points
#vmwarecloud
43. vSphere 5.0 – vMotion Enhancements
The original vMotion keeps getting better!
Multi-NIC Support
• Support up to four 10Gbps or sixteen 1Gbps NICs.
(ea. NIC must have its own IP).
• Single vMotion can now scale over multiple NICs.
(load balance across multiple NICs).
• Faster vMotion times allow for a higher number of concurrent vMotions.
Reduced Application Overhead
• Slowdown During Page Send (SDPS) feature throttles busy VMs to reduce
timeouts and improve success.
• Ensures less than 1 Second switchover time in almost all cases.
Support for higher latency networks (up to ~10ms)
• Extend vMotion capabilities over slower networks.
#vmwarecloud
44. The Best of the Rest
Platform Availability
• Hardware Version 8 – EFI • vMotion with higher latency links
virtual BIOS • Data Recovery Enhancements
• Memory Fault Isolation
Management
Network • Inventory Extensibility
• Distributed Switch (Netflow, • iPad client
SPAN support, LLDP)
• Network I/O Controls (per VM),
ESXi firewall
Storage
• VMFS 5
• iSCSI UI
• Storage I/O Control (NFS)
• Array Integration for Thin Provisioning,
• Swap to SSD, 2TB+ VMFS datastores
• Storage vMotion Snapshot Support
#vmwarecloud
45. Where Can I Find More Information About vSphere 5.0?
VMware vSphere web pages on vmware.com
• Main page
• SMB Focus
• Midsize and Enterprise Focus
vSphere Upgrade Center (version to version upgrades)
ESXi and ESX Info Center (general information, transition to
vSphere hosts running ESXi hypervisor)
vSphere Support Center
vSphere Purchase Advisor
vSphere Compatibility (with other VMware products)
vSphere Global Pricing Page
Partner Central Pages
#vmwarecloud
47. vSphere 5 – The Most Trusted Virtual Infrastructure
vSphere 5 Hyper-V R2 SP1 XenServer 5.6 SP2
Most Trusted Hypervisor
Architecture True purpose-built,
bare-metal hypervisor x Hyper-V part of
Windows Server OS x XenServer requires
Linux OS
VMware vSphere Hyper-V w/ Server Core XenServer
Most Secure Thin Hypervisor
144 MB disk footprint
x >3 GB disk footprint
x >1 GB disk footprint
Most Reliable Hypervisor
No Windows/Linux to x
patch in hypervisor
Unrelated patching due to
general purpose OS x Unrelated patching due to
general purpose OS
Indirect driver model; Indirect driver model;
Most Efficient Hypervisor
Direct driver drivers w/ x
optimized
model
parent OS becomes
bottleneck
x dom0 becomes
bottleneck
No hot-add vCPU, vRAM
Hot-add/extend virtual disk x
Hot-add vCPU, vRAM No hot-add vCPU
Most Trusted Scalable Environment
No hot extend virtual disk
x No hot add or hot extend
virtual disk
Ballooning
Transparent page sharing ~
Very static ballooning,
Most Trusted Memory Management
Memory compression
Ballooning only
~ no sharing
StorageLink only
by 150+ arrays
Storage APIs supported No storage APIs;
Most Trusted Storage Management x relies on 3rd party ~ supported by
24 storage arrays
Most Trusted by Customers
(according to analysts) ~
84% market share 11% market share
(according to analysts) x 4% market share
(according to analysts)
Leader category Next-tier category Next-tier category
Most Trusted by Analysts
(according to analysts) ~ (according to analysts) ~ (according to analysts)
ISVs support vSphere 1st
Most Trusted by ISV Partners
1,400 ISV partners
2,500 applications
~
ISVs prioritize vSphere
over Hyper-V x Far fewer ISVs support
XenServer
#vmwarecloud
48. vSphere 5 – Business Critical Applications with Confidence
vSphere 5 Hyper-V R2 SP1 XenServer 5.6 SP2
160 logical cores 64 logical cores 64 logical cores
Run More Apps on a Host
2 TB RAM
x 1 TB RAM
x 512 GB RAM
4-way vCPU only on
32-way vCPU 8-way vCPU
Run Larger Apps in a VM
1 TB vRAM
x limited number of OSs x 32 GB vRAM
64 GB vRAM
VMware vMotion with
Keep Apps Online through Only one VM at a time Only one VM at a time
Maintenance Mode
Faster Server Maintenance (up to 8 VMs at a time per host)
~ per host ~ per host
VMware Enhanced
Keep Apps Online through Quick Storage Migrate
Storage Maintenance Storage vMotion x has downtime x Nothing comparable
VMware Fault Tolerance
Keep Apps Online through
VM Failures
x No VM-level protection x Requires 3rd-party
Integrated NIC teaming
with balancingload
Keep Apps Online through Relies on network vendor NIC teaming supported,
NIC Failures
dynamic x to provide ~ but limited configurability
VMware HA
Up to 32tonodes;
Protect Apps through Only for host failure Only for host failure
Host or VM Failures
simple setup
~ Up to 16 nodes; complex ~ Up to 16 nodes
Support More Apps with
Broad Guest OS Support
Over 80 OSs supported;
More Windows than MS
x 22 OSs supported;
Windows biased
x 31 OSs supported
Support More Apps with
Broad Hardware Support
>400 NICs, >1600 Servers
Large HCL: >850 HBAs,
~
Uses Windows drivers;
Potential driver issues
x Limited HCL: ~100 storage,
~100 NICs,~200 Servers
Site Recovery Manager 5*:
Automated DR plan, test,
Citrix Site Recovery: only
Automated Disaster Recovery and Requires Citrix Essentials
Planned Migration for Tier 1 Apps x or manual Opalis scripts ~ works with 5 SANs; VMs
must be static
execution, and failback
vSphere Replication*:
Cost Effective Disaster Recovery
for Tier 2 Apps Built-in SW replication w/
any storage
x No built-in replication x No built-in replication
#vmwarecloud
* Purchased separately
49. vSphere 5 – Respond to the Business Faster
vSphere 5 Hyper-V R2 SP1 XenServer 5.6 SP2
WLB is complex;
Intelligent Server Resource Load
Balancing Logical resource pools
VMware DRS
x No logical pools
~ separate mgmt req’d;
no logical pools
Intelligent Storage Resource Load
Balancing VMware Storage DRS x Nothing comparable x Nothing comparable
Intelligent Power Management
level power management
VMware DPM: Cluster-
x No cluster-level power
management ~
Lack of affinity rules
minimizes its usefulness
Auto VM upgrades
Faster Patching of Hosts and Transparent host patching In-depth setup required Host patching, but no
Virtual Machines ~ in Config Mgr
x auto guest patching
vSphere Auto Deploy
Faster Provisioning of Multiple In-depth setup required
Hosts ~ in Config Mgr
x Nothing comparable
Profile-Driven Storage:
Faster Storage Provisioning
VMs to tiered storage
Automates assignment of x Nothing comparable x Nothing comparable
vSwitch req separate
3 party virtual switch
Faster Network Configuration & VMware Distributed Switch
Simplified Management rd x Nothing comparable
~ mgmt and CLI; single
point of failure
VMware Network I/O and PRO lacks quality of WLB is complex;
More Effective I/O QoS Management Storage I/O Control x service guarantee ~ separate mgmt req’d
vCenter Server Appliance
vSphere Web Client Thick Windows mgmt Thick Windows mgmt
More Choice in Management Tools x client only x client only
Service Providers
More Choice in Cloud Service Over 4,000 vCloud Azure is proprietary, Citrix OpenCloud lacks
Providers x users locked-in
x traction and customers
vCloud ensures mobility
Real Hybrid Cloud for Greater
Flexibility and federation across
clouds
x Apps in Azure don’t
come back out x Citrix OpenCloud lacks
traction and customers
#vmwarecloud
51. VMware vSphere Essentials Kits for Small Business
vSphere 5 Essentials
For smaller environments
Benefits Essentials Essentials +
1 Make better use of existing infrastructure
Save time in managing infrastructure with
2 vCenter central management
Improve application availability with
3 • vMotion (no planned downtime)
• High Availability (business continuity)
Protect business data with VMware Data
4 Recovery
#vmwarecloud
52. VMware vSphere Enterprise Editions
vSphere 5 Editions
For larger environments
Benefits Standard Enterprise Enterprise +
Consolidation and Availability
Convert Physical System to Virtual Machines,
1 Leverage Live Migration (vMotion), and Enable
High Availability (HA)
Continuous Availability
2 Fault Tolerance (FT) for Applications
Automated Resource Management
Deliver Load Balancing (DRS), Power
3 Management (DPM), and Live Storage Migration
(Storage vMotion) without Manual Intervention
Simplified Operations
Advanced Networking (Distributed Network
Switch, I/0 Control), Advanced Storage (Storage
4 DRS, Profile-Driven Storage) and Host
Deployment/Configuration (Auto Deploy,
Host Profiles) for More OPEX Savings
#vmwarecloud
53. Changes to the vSphere 5 Licensing Model
1. Affects only a small percentage of Substantially raise the vRAM
customers today, but customers entitlements per vSphere
are concerned about their future- edition from 48/32/24/24/24 GB
looking business cases that have to 96/64/32/32/32 GB.
been based on future hardware
capabilities and the previous
vSphere 4 licensing model.
2. Introduces additional hesitation for Cap the amount of vRAM
virtualizing business critical apps counted per VM at 96GB*
3. Penalizes short lived usage Calculate a 12 month average
“spikes” in dev & test and other of configured vRAM rather than
transient VM scenarios a high water mark
4. Makes vSphere for VDI expensive Already addressed with
vSphere Desktop edition
licensed per user
*Note: this change will NOT be reflected in the native vSphere 5 vRAM reporting capability at GA time; it will be included in a future
vSphere 5 update release. Before this update release, customers will be able to use a stand-alone free utility for tracking vRAM
usage that will reflect this change
#vmwarecloud
54. vRAM Entitlements
Previously announced New vRAM
vSphere edition vRAM entitlements entitlements
vSphere Enterprise+ 48 GB 96 GB
vSphere Enterprise 32 GB 64 GB
vSphere Standard 24 GB 32 GB
vSphere Essentials+ 24 GB 32 GB
vSphere Essentials 24 GB 32 GB
Free vSphere Hypervisor 8 GB 32 GB*
* Note: this limit is GB of physical RAM per physical server
#vmwarecloud