OrientDB is the 2nd generation of NoSQL databases, we could name as NoSQL 2.0 because it combines the power of document and graph databases

1. Abdelmawla Mohamed (Abdo)
Senior Developer
2nd generation of Multi-Model NoSQL

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Relational database
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› Data is presented to the user in the form of rows
and columns (a relation)
› Data can be manipulated through relational
operators in a tabular form

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Over Time
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› Data start grown in size
› Data become heterogonous
› Structured, semi-structured, unstructured

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Big Data
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Relational database low
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If the only tool you have is a relational database,
everything looks like a table.

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One tool doesn’t fit all
› Scalability issues
› Scale out
› Index intensive issues
› Join data
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Issues with joins
› the relationships are computed every time a
query is performed
› time complexity grows with data: O(log n)
› heavy runtime cost with large datasets
› Index lookup does not help, it could speeds up
searches but slows down inserts, updates,
deletes. Imagine on billions of records.
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NoSQL movement
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› Not only SQL
› Simplicity of design (through different data
models)
› Being non-relational
› Simpler horizontal scaling
› Distributed

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NoSQL Models
› Document
› MongoDB, CouchDB, ….
› Key-value
› Cassandra, Redis, …
› Column
› Hbase, Cassandra, ..
› Graph
› Neo4j, ..
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But, all of them are one model
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NoSQL one model limitations
› Document model: no relationships, no schema
validation
› Graph model: no complex data, no schema
› key-value model: faster, but-key based access
only
› no transactions
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So What ?
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Multi-model database
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Key-value
Graph Object-oriented
Document

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Why OrientDB
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› Native document store (schema-free, complex properties)
› Native graph store (index-free adjacent, fast relationships
traversal)
› Object oriented concepts (classes, inheritance, polymorphism)
› ACID Transactions (no lock applied but at commit time, the
MVCC applied)
› Rest / JSON interface
› Distributed (multi-master replication / sharding)
› SQL (extended)

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OrientDB data model
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Graph
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G = (V, E)
Graph Vertices Edges
Graph

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Graph
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drives
name: Abdo
Vertices can
have
properties
Vertices are
directed
AudiAbdo
license: A134
model: Q7
doors: 5Edges can
have
properties

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Abdo Lyon
An Edge connects only 2 vertices
Use multiple edges to represent 1-N
and N-M relationships
1-N and N-M Relationships
Graph

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Basic Concepts
› Class
› Used to represent type of data model
› Cluster
› Stores group of records within a class
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Class Car
Cluster
USA_Car
Cluster
Germany_Car

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Vertices
› Record Identifier (RID)
› Each vertex has a unique self-assigned
identifier (RID)
› Format: #:<cluster-id>:<cluster-position>
› List of properties
› Edge’s RID (in & out)
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Edges
› Record identifier (RID)
› Each record has it’s own self-assigned unique
ID
› Composed of 2 parts
#:<cluster-id>:<cluster-position>
› in (RID of the incoming vertex)
› out (RID of the outgoing vertex)
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Relationships
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› Doesn't make use of JOINS like RDBMS
› Physical links O(1)
› Relationship managed by storing the edge’s RID
in both vertices as “out” and “in”
› For 1-to-n relationship collections of rid are
used

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Relationships
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drives
out: [#14:10]
name: Abdo
@class: Driver
#14:10
#13:20
out: [#13:20]
in: [#15:20]
license: A134
@class: Drives
#15:20
in: [#14:10]
model: Q7
doors: 5
name: BMW
@class: Car

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Demo
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API Interfaces
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• Support for TinkerPop standard
for Graph DB: Gremlin language
and Blueprints API
• SQL + extensions for graphs
• JDBC driver to connect any BI tool
• HTTP/JSON support
• Drivers in Java, Node.js, Python,
PHP, .NET, Perl, C/C++ and more

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Getting Started for Free
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OrientDB Community Edition is FREE for
any purpose (Apache 2 license)
http://orientdb.com/docs
Udemy Getting Started Training is Free
★★★★★
http://www.orientechnologies.com/getting-started

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