social work

1. ABUBAKKAR SIDHIQ S A

2. The United Nations' definition of refugee is "Any
person who: owing to a well-founded fear of being
persecuted for reasons of race, religion,
nationality, membership of a particular social
group, or political opinion, is outside the country
of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to
such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the
protection of that country"

3.  International refugee law defines a
refugee as someone who seeks refuge in a
foreign country because of war and
violence, or out of fear of persecution.

4.  A refugee is someone who has been forced to
flee his or her country because of persecution,
war or violence. A refugee has a well-founded
fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion,
nationality, political opinion or membership in a
particular social group. Most likely, they cannot
return home or are afraid to do so. War and
ethnic, tribal and religious violence are leading
causes of refugees fleeing their countries.
 Two-thirds of all refugees worldwide come from
just five countries: Syria, Afghanistan, South
Sudan,Myanmar and Somalia.
 53%
 of refugees are school-aged children under the
age of 18

5.  An internally displaced person, or IDP, is someone
who has been forced to flee their home but never
cross an international border. These individuals seek
safety anywhere they can find it—in nearby towns,
schools, settlements, internal camps, even forests
and fields. IDPs, which include people displaced by
internal strife and natural disasters, are the largest
group that UNHCR assists. Unlike refugees, IDPs are
not protected by international law or eligible to
receive many types of aid because they are legally
under the protection of their own government.
 Countries with some the largest internally displaced
populations are Colombia, Syria, Democratic Republic
of the Congo and Somalia.
40m
People
are internally displaced around the world

6.  A stateless person is someone who is not a
citizen of any country. Citizenship is the legal
bond between a government and an individual,
and allows for certain political, economic, social
and other rights stateless due to a variety of
reasons, including sovereign, legal, technical or
administrative decisions or oversights. The
Universal Declaration of Human Rights underlines
that “Everyone has the right to a nationality.”
10m
People
around the world are stateless or at risk of
statelessness

7.  When people flee their own country and seek
sanctuary in another country, they apply for
asylum – the right to be recognized as a
refugee and receive legal protection and
material assistance. An asylum seeker must
demonstrate that his or her fear of
persecution in his or her home country is
well-founded.
1.7m
new asylum claims in 2017

9.  The 1951 Geneva Convention is the main
international instrument of refugee law. The
Convention clearly spells out who a refugee is
and the kind of legal protection, other assistance
and social rights he or she should receive from
the countries who have signed the document.
The Convention also defines a refugee’s
obligations to host governments and certain
categories or people, such as war criminals, who
do not qualify for refugee status. The Convention
was limited to protecting mainly European
refugees in the aftermath of World War II, but
another document, the 1967 Protocol, expanded
the scope of the Convention as the problem of
displacement spread around the world.

10.  By the end of 2017, 68.5 million individuals were forcibly
displaced worldwide as a result of persecution, conflict, violence or
human rights violations. That was an increase of 2.9 million people over
the previous year, and the world’s forcibly displaced population
remained at a record high. This includes:
 25.4 million refugees in the world—the highest ever seen;
 40 million internally displaced people; and
 3.1 million asylum-seekers.
 New displacement remains very high. One person becomes displaced
every 2 seconds – less than the time it takes to read this sentence.
That’s 30 people who are newly displaced every minute.
 1 in every 110 people globally is either an asylum-seeker, internally
displaced or a refugee.
68.5 Million Approximate equivalent to the entire population of France.

11.  In its narrow usage, the term "refugee" does not
apply to a number of groups. This may have profound
implications for everything from their mobility to
their survival.
 The term "people in refugee-like situations" is used to
describe those — such as the Bedouin in Kuwait or
Iraq, and Burmese in Thailand or Malaysia — who are
stateless or denied the protection of the government
in their countries of citizenship or habitual residence,
but who have not been recognized as refugees.
Centuries or even decades ago, when borders were
less secure or mapped out, their lack of status meant
less. In an era when "security" is of mounting
importance, however, many such people find their
situation increasingly precarious

12.  The international legal definition of the term
"refugee" also excludes those who move not as a
result of persecution, but as a consequence of
natural disasters (such as drought, floods, or
earthquakes), environmental factors, or famine. They
are excluded even though they may need
international protection and assistance because their
home country cannot or will not provide these things.
The terms "forced migrants" or "forced displacement"
are used to describe people in these circumstances.
 Similarly, the term "refugees" also excludes people
who move primarily for economic reasons. Even when
they are leaving conditions of extreme poverty, they
fall under the rubric of "economic migrants."

13. Beginning from the independence , India has
Experienced various type of refugees
Various types of refugees india may consider
under eight categories
 Hindu migration caused by the participation
 Bangladesh refugees as a result of civil war
in pakistan.
 Srilanka tamil, burmese indian and
bhutanees ,nepali refugee due to ethnic –
strif.
 Developmental economic refugees from
bangladesh
 Indian tamil [srilankan] repatriaties as per
contractual oblication.

14.  Tibetan and afghan refugees as a result of
military intervention by extra regional power.
 Rohingya muslim refugees from Myanmar .

15. Around the world ,68.5 million people have been
forcibly displced .since world war
second,according to UNCHR , most people
remain displced within their home countries
but about 24.4 million people worldwide fled
to other counties as refugees .more than
refugees are children.
 Syria -6.3 m
 Afghanistan -2.6 m
 South sudan – 2.4 m
 Myanmar – 1.2 m
 Somalia -2.7 m
 Iraq -5.6 m
 Iran -1,80,000 refugees

16.  Ukrain - 2.1 m
 Pakistan -1.3 m
 Central african republic -969,000 refugees
 Democratic republic of cango- 3.5 million
 Venezuela -52,000 refugees
 Yemen – 3 m
 Nigeria -3.2 m
According to times of india survey
Indians living in refugees condition-
 United states -4,484
 Canada-4292

17. General Trends:
 Refugees children are five times more likely to
be out of school than their non-refugee peers.
 Only 2.9 million of the 6.4 million refugees of
school-age were enrolled in primary or
secondary education in 2016. More than half of
them -- 3.5 million -- did not go to school.
 Primary education enrollment for refugees
increased from 50 percent in 2015 to 61 percent
in 2016, in large part due to improvements for
Syrian refugee children thanks to increased
international efforts and measures taken by host
governments.

18.  1.5 million refugee children were not in primary school and 2
million refugee adolescents were not in secondary school.
 61 percent of refugee children, and less that 50 percent of
refugee children in low-income countries, attend primary school.
Globally, 91 percent of children attend primary school.
 23 percent of refugee adolescents, and 9 percent of refugee
adolescents in low-income countries, attend secondary
school. Globally, 84 percent of adolescents attend secondary
school.
 Only 1 percent of refugees enroll in college or university. Across
the world, enrollment in college or university stands at 36
percent.
 Gender Gap:
 For every ten refugee boys in primary school, there are fewer
than eight refugee girls.
 For every ten refugee boys in secondary school there are fewer
than seven refugee girls.