anatomy of tongue and teeth

1. TONGUE, TEETH AND LYMPH
PRESENTED BY:
MUHAMMAD ADEEL KHAN
SAFA SADIQ
PRESENTED TO:
PROFESSOR TAHIR RAZA

2. Tongue
Tongue is a mass of striated muscle
covered with mucus membrane and
divided by median fibrous septum.

3. MUSCLES OF TONGUE
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY
Longitudinal Medial septum and
Submucosa
Mucous Membrane Hypoglossal Nerve
Transverse
Vertical
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION NERVE SUPPLY
Genioglossus Superior genial spine of
mandible
Blends with other
muscles of the tongue
Hypoglossal Nerve
Hyoglossus Body and greater comu
of the hyod bone
Styloglossus Styloid process of
temporal bone
Platoglossus Palatine aponeurosis Side of tongue

4. MUSCLES OF TONGUE

5. PAPILLAE
Papillae are the tiny raised protrusions on the
tongue that contain taste buds. Three types of
papillae are present on upper surface of
anterior two third.
• Filiform
• Fungiform
• Vallate
On the upper surface of tongue, there is a
separation between anterior two third and third
which is V-shaped groove called Sulcus
Terminalis
Sulcus
Terminalis
Median
Septum

6. Blood supply:
• The lingual artery
• The tonsillar artery
• The ascending pharyngeal
artery

7. Lymph Drainage
Tip: Submental Lymph nodes
Sides of anterior two third: Submandibular lymph nodes
Posterior Third: Deep cervical lymph nodes
Innervation:
The lingual nerve
Chorda tympani nerve
The glossopharyngeal nerve

8. TEETH:
STRUCTURE:
There are three main parts of teeth
1. Crown 2. neck 3.root
CROWN:
• Visible portion of tooth above neck and extending out of gum tissue.
• crown= top
• Covered in a hard layer of enamel.
NECK:
• also called cementoenamel junction.
• Allows for attachment of gums.
• This is where crown`s enamel layer meets cementum layer of roots.

9. ROOT:
• Tooth`s larger portion extending from neck to apex.
• Secures to socket in mandible or jawbones.
LAYERS OF TOOTH:
A tooth has 4 major
tissues.
1.Enamel
2.Cementum
3.Dentin
4.Pulp

10. SETS OF TEETH:
There are two sets of teeth.
1. Primary teeth or deciduios teeth or milk teeth
2. Permenant teeth
PRIMARY TEETH:
• There are 20 in number.
• It has 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 molars.
PERMENANT TEETH:
• They are 32 in numbers.
• It has 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, 12 molars.
Some people do not develop full 32 teeth.
Some people develop extra teeth . These are called supernumerary teeth.

11. TYPES OF TEETH:
There are four types of teeth.
1. Incisors 2. canines 3. premolars 4. molars
INCISORS:
• 8 Incisors in baby and permenant teeth.
• Have 1 conical root.
FUNCTIONS:
• Cut off food.
• Also assist tongue and lips with speech.
CANINES:
• Also called cuspids (point) or eyeteeth.
• There are 4 canines for baby and permenant teeth.
• Have one long root, and the crown has one sharp cusp.
FUNCTIONS:
• Puncture and tear off food.

12. PREMOLARS/ BICUSPID:
• Each quadrant has 1st and 2nd premolar (8 in total).
• BI means two, cuspid means point. These teeth
have two main cusps.
• No premolar baby teeth.
MOLARS:
• 8 molars in primary teeth distal to canines.
• Up to 12 molars in permenant teeth.
• 3rd molar (wisdom teeth) erupt in late teens or early
20s.
• Crown has largest surface area with 4-5 dull cusps.
• Function is to grind/crush food.

13. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF TEETH:
DENTAL CARIES:
Dental caries are known as cavities or tooth decay. Bacteria in mouth
use foods that contain sugar or starch to produce acids which eat away
at the tooth`s structure causing the destruction to enamel of the teeth.

14. DENTAL ABSCESS:
A Dental abscess is a collection of pus in teeth or gums as a result of bacterial
infection.
CAUSES:
Consuming sugary or starchy food, poor dental hygiene,

15. TOOTH ENAMEL EROSION:
It is a chemical loss of mineralized tooth substance caused by exposure to acids not
derived from oral bacteria.
CAUSES:
Acids found in the foods and liquids you consume.

16. LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF HEAD AND NECK:
The lymph nodes are arranged in two groups.
1. Regional group (which surrounds neck below chin like a collar)
2. Deep vertical group (which is embedded in carotid sheath)
REGIONAL LYMPH NODES:
• MASTOID NODES: They receive lymph from scalp above the ear, the auricle, and external auditory
meatus.
• PAROTID NODES: They receive lymph from the scalp above the parotid gland, the eyelids, the
auricle, and the external auditory meatus.
• BUCCAL NODES: They drain lymph from the face and anterior part of scalp, and they pass this lymph
to the submandibular nodes.
• OCCIPITAL NODES: They receive lymph from back of the scalp.
• SUBMANDIBULAR NODES: They receive lymph from front of scalp, the nose, the cheek, the upper
and lower lip(except the central part of lower lip) , the frontal, maxillary ,ethmoid sinuses, teeth, the
floor of mouth, the vestibule, and the gums.
• SUBMENTAL NODES: They receive lymph from tip pf tongue, floor of anterior part of mouth, incisor
teeth, central part of lower lip , and skin over the chin.

17. • ANTERIOR CERVICAL NODES: They receive lymph from the skin of front of the neck.
• SUPERFICIAL CERVICAL NODES: They receive lymph from over the angle of jaw and lower part of parotid gland
and from the lobe of the ear.
• RETROPHARYNGEAL NODES: They receive lymph from nasopharynx, auditory tube, vertebral column.
• LARYNGEAL NODES: They receive lymph from the larynx.
• TRACHEAL(PARATRACHEAL) NODES: They receive lymph from the trachea and the thyroid gland.

18. DEEP CERVICAL LYMPH NODES:
• The deep cervical lymph nodes are arranged in a vertical chain along course of
internal jugular vein .
• They receive lymph from all regional nodes previously discussed.
• The efferent lymph vessels from all deep cervical nodes join to form JUGULAR
TRUNK, which ends in:
1. RIGHT SIDE: in right lymphatic duct
2. LEFT SIDE: in left lymphatic duct ( thoracic duct).

19. ANY QUERY?
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