Lesson 1 Disciplines in the Applied Social Sciences

1. LESSON 1
INTRODUCTION TO THE DISCIPLINES OF APPLIED SOCIAL
SCIENCES

2. WHAT IS SOCIAL SCIENCES?
SOCIAL SCIENCE
 Systematic study of social phenomena.
 The study of human society; particularly the area of study that relates to human
behavior and society .
 A branch of science that deals with the institutions, the functioning of human
society, and with the interpersonal relationships of individuals as members of
society.

3. AN OVERVIEW: DISCIPLINES OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
 Anthropology refers to the study of humans.
 Economics studies the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and
services.
 Geography is the science of place.
 History is a study of the past, principally how it relates to humans.
 Linguistics is the scientific study of language and its structure.

4.  Political Science is a social science discipline that studies systems of government, and the
analysis of political activity and behavior.
 Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
 Sociology is the scientific study of human social relations or group life.
 Demography is the interdisciplinary study of the size, growth, and distribution of human
populations.
AN OVERVIEW: DISCIPLINES OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

5. WHAT IS APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE?
APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE
 practical social sciences are social sciences that apply social scientific
theories and knowledge from social sciences to the physical environment or
society.
 help us consider all helping situations to be multicultural in the sense that
people's uniqueness such as personal history, culture, gender, social class,
religion, language, etc. of individuals, groups and communities must be
recognized in the helping process.
EXAMPLE:
Counseling applies the Theories of Psychology

6. WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND
APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES?
 Applied science works more with experimental data, which is the data
gathered from the process of experimentation. Social science, on the other
hand, works more with experiential data, which is data obtained from real-life
experiences like interviews, surveys.
 While social science may explore broadly their distinct disciplines, some of
their input may easily become applied while others may remain theoretical.
When social science theories and concepts methods and findings gain
application to problems identified in the wider society, then applied social
science is achieved.

7. LESSON 2
THE DISCIPLINE OF COUNSELING

8. WHAT IS COUNSELING?
COUNSELING
It comes from the Latin word “Consilium” meaning plan, council, wisdom,
and advice. Counseling is a profession and a helping relationship that facilitates
the development of individuals, groups and families that are based on the
principle of empowerment that helps achieve personal, social, educational and
career development.

9. PEOPLE WHO USE COUNSELING IN
THEIR WORK
A social worker performs some of the same functions as
a counselor. According to Chron, in addition to providing
counseling for all ages, social workers can help their clients
obtain benefits and other services that they require.
A psychologist is a professional who practices psychology
and studies normal and abnormal mental states, perceptual,
cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior by
experimenting with, and observing, interpreting, and
recording how individuals relate to one another and to their
environments.

10. TEACHER
Each teacher in the school has the
obligation to contribute to a
perfect realization of the harmony
among cognitive, affective,
behaviorist, attitudinal and social
sides of students.

11. MEDICAL
WORKER

12. GOALS OF COUNSELING
The following are the goals of counseling:
 Facilitate change of behavior
 Promote decision making
 Enhance coping skills and adjustment
 Improve relationship skills
 Facilitate counselee or client potential

13. SCOPE OF COUNSELING
Individual Counseling
Identity problems, relationships, anxiety, depression, family problems, behavior management, gender
(identity and sexuality), grief/bereavement, relationships, sexual abuse recovery, workplace stress and
relationships, drug abuse, eating disorders, HIV, spirituality, status, and middle age syndrome.
Marital and Pre-marital Counseling
Marital and relationship dynamics, Relationship, and fertility issue.
Family Counseling
Children and adult behaviors, divorce/annulment and separation problems and adjustments, family
problems, life stages, transitions, parenting and remarriage relationship counseling.

14. PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING
The basic principles are the following:
 Listening skills - This is the number one skill that a counselor should always consider in a
counseling process.
 Resistance - human behavior is very complex, and people respond to things differently.
 Respect - Counselor should have respect for his/her client no matter how weird, strange,
peculiar, different the customer is with you.

15. PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING
The basic principles are the following:
 Empathy or Unconditional Positive Regard
 Clarification, confrontation, and interpretation - These principles are techniques of therapeutic
intervention that are advanced.
 Transference and Counter-transference - a process somewhat related to projection.