Presentation about animal right and welfare

1. Veterinarian and professional ethics

2. • A veterinarian should first consider the
welfareof animals, to relieve disease,
suffering, or disability while minimizing pain
or fear. A veterinary surgeon should not
engage in unnecessary or unethical
procedures that do not serve the purpose of
relieving disease, suffering or disability.

3. • A veterinarian must not practice without being licensed by the relevant veterinary authority.
• A veterinarian must be familiar with and abide by all relevant legislation and guidelines
affecting his professional activity and behaviour.
• It is unprofessional to aid in illegal practices of others. It is the duty of veterinary surgeons to
report practices contrary to relevant legislation and the Code of Ethics, or which compromises
the welfare of animals, to the relevant authorities.
• The issuing of false certificates of health on official documents and careless compliance with
official regulations that the veterinarian is entrusted to endorse is deemed a violation of
professional honesty.
• A veterinarian should strive to improve his veterinary knowledge and skills and keep abreast of
veterinary developments. He is encouraged to collaborate with other professionals in the
quest for knowledge and professional development.
• The responsibilities of the veterinary profession extend beyond individual patients and
clients to society in general. Veterinary surgeons are encouraged to make their knowledge
available to their communities and to provide their services for activities that protect public
health.
• A veterinarian shall not slander, belittle, or injure the professional standing or reputation of
another member of the veterinary profession or unnecessarily condemn the character of
another veterinary surgeon's professional acts.
• A veterinarian shall not solicit clients.
• A veterinarian shall avoid the impropriety of employing methods to attract public attention or
boast of possessing superior knowledge or skill in the treatment or prevention of any disease.
• A veterinarian should conduct himself in relation to the public, his colleagues and their
patients, and the allied professions, so as to merit their full confidence and respect.
• It is unethical for a veterinarian to guarantee a cure.

4. Animal welfare and rights

5. 2 million years ago

8. At the end of 17 th century
• Do animals suffer?
• Up to the 19th this view was widespread but
later there was reluctance to hold the view
because of the difficulty in measuring the
suffering.

9. 19th century and the first half of 20th
century
• 1960---- was the beginning (It was pointed out
that treating of animals in production industry
was like treating the inanimate machines).
1970-1980
• the term welfare was used but not defined,
and not considered scientific by most scientists.
• Five freedoms of animals were emphasized.

10. • Post -1980
• Animal welfare science was developed rapidly
as a scientific discipline.
• The term animal welfare and more rarely
animal well-being were used extensively.
• Veterinarians have become much more aware
of animal welfare as a scientific discipline that
enable them prevention of disease.

11. • Science 1986---- there has been a great
increase in animal welfare research and in
public concern about animal welfare.

12. Animal welfare and animal rights
• Concept of animal welfare
• Welfare assessment
• Welfare in relation to diseases
• Cattle welfare problems
• Sheep welfare problems
• Poultry welfare problems
• Fish welfare problems
• Environmental Enrichment
• Euthanasia

13. Animal Welfare: What Is It?
Animal welfare means how an animal
is coping with the conditions in which
it lives.
Mean that the animal was in
harmony with nature, or with its
environment
Is not “how animal is coping” but is a
state that reflects how well it is
coping.

14. An animal is in a good state of welfare

15. • An animal is in a good state of welfare if (as
indicated by scientific evidence) it is healthy,
comfortable, well nourished, safe, able to
express innate behavior, and if it is not
suffering from unpleasant states such as pain,
fear, and distress.

16. • Animal welfare refers to the state of the
animal; the treatment that an animal receives
is covered by other terms such as animal care,
animal husbandry, and humane treatment.
• Protecting an animal's welfare means
providing for its physical and mental needs.

17. • Ensuring animal welfare is a human
responsibility that includes consideration for
all aspects of animal well-being, including
proper housing, management, nutrition,
disease prevention and treatment, responsible
care, humane handling, and, when necessary,
humane euthanasia.

18. • There are numerous perspectives on animal
welfare that are influenced by a person's
values and experiences. There are also various
means of measuring animal welfare, including
(but not limited to) health, productivity,
behavior, and physiological responses.

19. • Animal welfare science is an emerging field
that seeks to answer questions raised by the
keeping and use of animals, such as whether
hens are frustrated when confined in cages,
whether the psychological well-being of
animals in laboratories can be maintained,
and whether zoo animals are stressed by the
transport required for international
conservation.

20. What is the difference between animal
welfare and animal rights?
• Animal welfare
• The desire to prevent unnecessary harm and
suffering to animals. This does not mean that
one is against animal testing, but rather they
want an animal to have a good quality of life.

21. Animal rights and obligations
• Animal rights
•The belief that animals should have rights like
human beings do.
• For example, some animal rights activists
believe that animals have the right to live their
lives free of human intervention. Some, but not
all, also oppose any use of animals by humans,
even as pets.

23. • There is variation amongst individuals and
amongst people from different countries in
their ideas as to the extent of their obligations
towards animals.
• Attitudes range from those who believe that
animals can be used or treated in any way to
those who would sooner cause injury or
hardship to another person than to an animal.

24. • Whilst the killing of animals for food or
because they are pests is accepted by the
majority of people, far fewer would kill the
animals for no purpose which benefit man.
• The number of people who don’t like the idea
that animals should be killed for human food
has increased in recent years

25. Terms used in animal welfare science
and organizations
• Vegetarian – a person who does not eat meat.
• Vegan – a person who does not eat animal products (eggs, cheese,
milk etc.). Some vegans also refuse to wear leather or fur as this
clothing comes from animals.
• Stress is any condition that necessitates physiological, psychological
and/or behavioural modification that is necessary for the well-being
of the organism.
• Stress arises when individuals perceive stimulus that they cannot
adequately cope with the demands being made on them or with
threats to their well-being.
• We use the term ‘stressor’ to refer to the cause of the response,
while the term stress refers to the response to the stressor.
Depending on the specific stressor and how the stress is perceived,
memory formation and/or its recall may be enhanced or impaired.

26. • Suffering occurs “when unpleasant subjective feelings are acute or
continue for a long time because an animal is unable to carry out
the actions that would normally reduce risks to life and
reproduction in some circumstances”.
• Needs -The challenge for animal welfare research is to discover how
animals ‘feel’ and how much it does matter to them. Following this
challenge, another important issue is to find out which the animals’
specific needs are and how these needs may be fulfilled by the
environment where they live.
• -In this respect, a long debate has been raised among researchers on
animal welfare about the term ‘need. The general term ‘need’ is used
to refer to a deficiency in an animal which can be remedied by
obtaining a particular resource or responding to a particular
environmental or bodily stimulus.”

27. • The term rights is sometimes used in the same
way as “freedom”
• Obligations ………. Five freedoms

28. Five freedoms
• Any animal kept by man, must at least be protected from
unnecessary suffering.
• By ready access to fresh water and diet to
maintain health and vigor
Freedom from
hunger and thrist
• By providing an appropriate environment
including shelter and a comfortable resting area
Freedom from
discomfort
• By prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment
Freedom from pain,
injury or disease
• By providing sufficient space, proper facilities
and company of the animal’s own kind
Freedom to express
normal behaviour
• By ensuring conditions and treatment which
avoid mental suffering
Freedom from fear
and distress

29. Well known Animal Welfare
Organizations
• There are numerous and varied animal welfare organizations
throughout the world and some of them are: -
The Universities Federation of Animal Welfare (UFAW)
The World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA)
The Royal Society for the Protection of Animals (RSPCA)
Humane Society of the United States (HSUS)
International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW)
and the Animal Legal Defense Fund (ALDF).
• Some animal rights organizations have welfare aspects to their
activities e.g. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA).
The Chinese Animal Protection Network (CAPN) is a recently
formed nonprofit animal protection organization, and the first
Chinese network for animal protection

30. • The American Veterinary Medical Association has
defined its commitment to animal welfare through
the adoption of the following Animal Welfare
Principles that serves as guidance when the
Association develops policies and takes action to
ensure the welfare of animals:

31. • AVMA Animal Welfare Principles
• The responsible use of animals for human purposes, such
as companionship, food, fiber, recreation, work,
education, exhibition, and research conducted for the
benefit of both humans and animals, is consistent with
the Veterinarian's Oath.
• Decisions regarding animal care, use, and welfare shall be
made by balancing scientific knowledge and professional
judgment with consideration of ethical and societal
values.
• Animals must be provided water, food, proper handling,
health care, and an environment appropriate to their care
and use, with thoughtful consideration for their species-
typical biology and behavior.
• Animals should be cared for in ways that minimize fear,
pain, stress, and suffering.

32. • Procedures related to animal housing,
management, care, and use should be continuously
evaluated, and when indicated, refined or replaced.
• Conservation and management of animal
populations should be humane, socially
responsible, and scientifically prudent.
• Animals shall be treated with respect and dignity
throughout their lives and, when necessary,
provided a humane death.
• The veterinary profession shall continually strive to
improve animal health and welfare through
scientific research, education, collaboration,
advocacy, and the development of legislation and
regulations.

33. Animal Welfare Act 2006 in UK
• This Act makes it a crime to be cruel to or neglect an animal’s
welfare needs. The main points of this Act include:
• A minimum age of 16 to purchase or win an animal.
• A requirement to provide a pet with a suitable home and diet.
• A requirement to allow animals appropriate conditions for normal
behaviours.
• A requirement to protect animals from pain, injury, suffering or
disease.
• Pet owners and anyone who mistreats or neglects an animal’s needs
face a number of penalties
Punishments include:
• A ban on owning animals
• A fine of up to £20,000
• A prison sentence.