climate change global warming brown algae heat stress north atlantic fucus seagrass intertidal marine macroalgae range shift seaweed transcriptomics niche modeling ecological epigenetics adaptation dna methylation ecosystem epigenetics northward shift kelp clonal plant methylation epigenomics distribution rocky shore methylomes zostera marina rnaseq stress memory priming temperature stress saccharina eelgrass biodiversity ocean forests marine plant seaweeed third generation sequencing genomics next generation sequencing microbiomics copepod fucoid niche modelling acclimation population genetics north sea periwinkle dispersal snail meroplanktic larvae genetic differentiation microsatellites wadden sea behavioral isolation littorina niche modelig glacial cycle temperature cycles calanus glacial maximum ice age copepods range shifts plants rapid adaptation plasticity poleward shift zostera transcriptome heat wave
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